Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1"

Transcription

1 TP In pure water at 25, there is only a tiny, tiny amount of self ionization, ~ 7 mol/l. In pure water, how many water molecules are there for every OH ion? , ,000,000 6.,000, More than,000,000 Lecture 20 CH1 A1 (MWF 9:05 am) Monday, October 22, 2018 For today Review: Concentrations after precipitation Ionization of molecular solutes Self ionization of water Acid base reactions: Competition for H Next lecture: Balancing oxidation reduction equations; Complexation as Lewis acid base reaction To memorize: Table 6.13, p 194: Common acids and bases 1 A comprehensive example A comprehensive example You are given 150 ml of a 0.20 M aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate and 150 ml of 0.40 M aqueous solution of barium iodide. These solutions are mixed and a precipitate forms NH 4 2 CO 3 2 NH 4 CO 2 3 BaI 2 Ba 2 2 I Ba 2 CO 2 3 BaCO 3 Ba 2 CO 2 3 BaCO 3 start mol mol 0 change mol mol mol end mol mol 5 You are given 150 ml of a 0.20 M aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate and 150 ml of 0.40 M aqueous solution of barium iodide. These solutions are mixed and a precipitate forms. Write the net ionic equation for this process. What are the spectator ions for this process? What is the limiting reactant? How many moles of the solid precipitate are formed? After precipitation, what are the molarities M of each ion in solution? Is the final solution electrically neutral? 6 Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 1

2 A comprehensive example You are given 150 ml of a 0.20 M aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate and 150 ml of 0.40 M aqueous solution of barium iodide. These solutions are mixed and a precipitate forms. After the precipitation, the total electrical charge due to the ions remaining in solution is 0. Ionization of molecular non ionic solutes Moles of ions Moles of charge NH I Ba Total Ionization of molecular solutes Cl:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 Cl: Nearly complete reaction ~ 0 % theoretical yield Note: Unlike NaCl(aq), HCl(aq) does exist Strong electrolyte 11 Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 2

3 Ionization of molecular solutes Ionization of molecular solutes CH 3 C O O:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 CH 3 C O O: Only a little reaction 0 % theoretical yield CH 3 CH 2 O:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 CH 3 CH 2 O: Almost no reaction 0 % theoretical yield Weak electrolyte 12 Non electrolyte 13 Memorize: Table 6.13: Common acids and bases Water self-ionizes, but only a very, very little HO:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 HO: Almost no reaction 0 % theoretical yield 14 Non electrolyte 16 Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 3

4 Water self-ionizes, but only a very, very little HO:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 HO: In pure water at 25 C, there is only a tiny, tiny amount of self ionization, ~ 7 mol/l TP In pure water at 25, there is only a tiny, tiny amount of self ionization, ~ 7 mol/l. In pure water, how many water molecules are there for every OH ion? , ,000,000 6.,000, More than,000,000 Non electrolyte Water self-ionizes, but only a very little HO:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 HO: In pure water at 25, there is only a tiny, tiny amount of self ionization, ~ 7 mol/l. H:OH 2, usually written H 3 O, is typically hydrogen bonded to several other water molecules, with the partners continually exchanging with other water molecules. Acid-base reactions: Competition for H + Brønsted Lowry model: The H source is called an acid CH 3 C O O:H :OH 2 H:OH 2 CH 3 C O O: The H destination is called a base HO:H :NH 3 H:NH 3 HO: Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 4

5 Practice : Acids and bases H 2 C 4 H 4 O 6 HCO 3 HC 4 H 4 O 6 H 2 CO 3 aq Practice: Acids and bases CH 3 NH 2 H 3 O CH 3 NH 3 H 2 O H 2 C 4 H 4 O 6 proton source, so it is the acid HCO 3 proton destination, so it is the base CH 3 NH 2 proton destination, so it is the base H 3 O proton source, so it is the acid TP Which solution in the diagram contains the weakest acid? TP Which solution in the diagram contains the strongest acid? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 29 Response Counter 30 Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 5

6 Quiz Which solution in the diagram contains the most concentrated acid? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D TP HCl means 1. H ions and Cl ions surrounded by waters 2. H 3 O ions and Cl ions surrounded by waters 3. HCl molecules surrounded by waters 4. 1 and 2 are correct 5. Doesn t exist 6. None of the above Response Counter 32 Response Counter 33 Base strength Weak bases are weak electrolytes: They react only to a small extent with water HO:H :NH 2 CH 2 CH 3 H:NH 2 CH 2 CH 3 HO: Only a little reaction 0 % theoretical yield Base strength Strong bases are strong electrolytes: They react nearly completely with water Na:OH Na HO: Nearly complete reaction ~ 0 % theoretical yield HO: is a strong proton acceptor Note that NaOH is a special case: There is no competition for H, only hydration of OH Copyright 2018 Dan Dill dan@bu.edu 6

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1 TP In pure water at 25, there is only a tiny, tiny amount of self ionization, ~ 7 mol/l. In pure water, how many water molecules are there for every OH ion? 1. 1 2. 3. 0 4.,000 5. 1,000,000 6.,000,000

More information

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1 TP Identify the correct statement about the redox reaction Zn 2 Cu Cu 2 Zn. 1. Zn 2 is the reducing agent because it gains electrons 2. Cu is the reducing agent because it gains electrons 3. Zn 2 is the

More information

Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1 TP The molarity of the NaCl aqueous solution shown in the image is approximately 1. 20 M 2. 20 M 3. 2 M 4. 0.2 M 5. 0.02 M 6. 0.02 M Lecture 19 CH101 A1 (MWF 9:05 am) Friday, October 19, 2018 For today

More information

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1 TP An acid has K a 1.0 10 7 at 25 o C. In a c a 0.40 M solution of this acid solution, H 3 O 1. 0.40 2. 0.040 3. 0.0010 4. 0.0020 5. 0.00020 6. 0.00040 7. Something else Lecture 19 CH102 A1 (MWF 9:05 am)

More information

Acids and Bases. A strong base is a substance that completely ionizes in aqueous solutions to give a cation and a hydroxide ion.

Acids and Bases. A strong base is a substance that completely ionizes in aqueous solutions to give a cation and a hydroxide ion. Acid-Base Theories Arrhenius Acids and Bases (1884) Acids and Bases An acid is a substance that, when dissolved in water, increases the concentration of hydrogen ions. A base is a substance that, when

More information

CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL EQUATIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY

CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL EQUATIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL EQUATIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY Water, the common solvent Solution is a homogeneous mixture Solvent is the substance that does the dissolving Solute is the substance that

More information

SCHOOL YEAR CH- 13 IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY GRADE : 11 TEST A

SCHOOL YEAR CH- 13 IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY GRADE : 11 TEST A SCHOOL YEAR 2017-18 NAME: CH- 13 IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY GRADE : 11 TEST A Choose the best answer from the options that follow each question. 1. A solute

More information

CH 4 AP. Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

CH 4 AP. Reactions in Aqueous Solutions CH 4 AP Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Water Aqueous means dissolved in H 2 O Moderates the Earth s temperature because of high specific heat H-bonds cause strong cohesive and adhesive properties Polar,

More information

CHEM 200/202. Professor Jing Gu Office: EIS-210. All s are to be sent to:

CHEM 200/202. Professor Jing Gu Office: EIS-210. All  s are to be sent to: CHEM 200/202 Professor Jing Gu Office: EIS-210 All emails are to be sent to: chem200@mail.sdsu.edu My office hours will be held in GMCS-212 on Monday from 9 am to 11 am or by appointment. ANNOUNCEMENTS

More information

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry (continuation)

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry (continuation) Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry (continuation) 1. Electrolytes and non-electrolytes 2. Determining Moles of Ions in Aqueous Solutions of Ionic Compounds 3. Acids and Bases 4. Acid Strength

More information

REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS [ MH5; Ch. 4] Most reactions in water involve hydrated, charged species [ (aq) ]. Any substance which is ionic in the solid state will form ions in solution. EXAMPLE: KCR

More information

INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY Concepts and Critical Thinking Seventh Edition by Charles H. Corwin

INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY Concepts and Critical Thinking Seventh Edition by Charles H. Corwin Lecture INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY Concepts and Critical Thinking Seventh Edition by Charles H. Corwin Acids and Bases Properties of Acids An acid is any substance that releases hydrogen ions, H +, into water.

More information

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution is made when one substance (the solute) is

More information

15 Acids, Bases, and Salts. Lemons and limes are examples of foods that contain acidic solutions.

15 Acids, Bases, and Salts. Lemons and limes are examples of foods that contain acidic solutions. 15 Acids, Bases, and Salts Lemons and limes are examples of foods that contain acidic solutions. Chapter Outline 15.1 Acids and Bases 15.2 Reactions of Acids and Bases 15.3 Salts 15.4 Electrolytes and

More information

Lecture 4 :Aqueous Solutions

Lecture 4 :Aqueous Solutions LOGO Lecture 4 :Aqueous Solutions International University of Sarajevo Chemistry - SPRING 2014 Course lecturer : Jasmin Šutković 11 th March 2014 Contents International University of Sarajevo 1. Aqueous

More information

Grace King High School Chemistry Test Review

Grace King High School Chemistry Test Review CHAPTER 19 Acids, Bases & Salts 1. ACIDS Grace King High School Chemistry Test Review UNITS 7 SOLUTIONS &ACIDS & BASES Arrhenius definition of Acid: Contain Hydrogen and produce Hydrogen ion (aka proton),

More information

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2017 Dan Dill 1 TP The order of normal boiling points is Acetone, CH 3 C O CH 3 30.8 Diethyl ether, CH 3 CH 2 2 O 71.7 Ethanol, CH 3 CH 2 OH 7.87 Water, H 2 O 3.17 0 Lecture 13 CH1 A1 (MWF 9:05 am) Friday, October 6,

More information

Electrolytes do conduct electricity, in proportion to the concentrations of their ions in solution.

Electrolytes do conduct electricity, in proportion to the concentrations of their ions in solution. Chapter 4 (Hill/Petrucci/McCreary/Perry Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions This chapter deals with reactions that occur in aqueous solution these solutions all use water as the solvent. We will look

More information

Chapter 6. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 6. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 6 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 6 Table of Contents (6.1) (6.2) (6.3) (6.4) (6.5) (6.6) (6.7) (6.8) Water, the common solvent The nature of aqueous solutions: Strong

More information

Chapter 4 - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Chemistry

Chapter 4 - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Chemistry Chapter 4 - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Chemistry 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent - the water molecule is bent with and H-O-H angles of approx. 105 º - O-H bonds are covalent - O is slightly

More information

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution. Solutions. 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution. Solutions. 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Chapter 4 in Solution 4.1 General Properties of Solutions Solutions Solutions are defined as homogeneous mixtures of two or more pure substances. The solvent is present in greatest abundance. All other

More information

Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Homework Chapter 4 11, 15, 21, 23, 27, 29, 35, 41, 45, 47, 51, 55, 57, 61, 63, 73, 75, 81, 85 1 2 Chapter Objectives Solution To understand the nature of ionic substances

More information

Chapter 4 Notes Types of Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry A Summary

Chapter 4 Notes Types of Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry A Summary Chapter 4 Notes Types of Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry A Summary 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent A. Structure of water 1. Oxygen s electronegativity is high (3.5) and hydrogen s is low (2.1)

More information

Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. Copyright McGraw-Hill

Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. Copyright McGraw-Hill Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009 1 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Solution - a homogeneous mixture Solute: the component that is dissolved Solvent: the component

More information

Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1

Copyright 2018 Dan Dill 1 TP The expression for the equilibrium constant for the solubility equilibrium M 2 X 2 M X 2 is 1. sp 2 M X 2 / M 2 X 2. sp 2 M 2 X 2 / M 2 X 3. sp 2 M 2 X 2 4. sp M 2 X 2 Lecture 21 CH102 A1 (MWF 9:05

More information

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Topics General properties of aqueous solutions Precipitation reactions Acid base reactions Oxidation reduction reactions Concentration of solutions Aqueous reactions

More information

Announcements. Exam 1 is on Thursday, September 23 from 7-8:10pm; Conflict exam is from 5:35-6:45pm

Announcements. Exam 1 is on Thursday, September 23 from 7-8:10pm; Conflict exam is from 5:35-6:45pm Announcements Print worksheet #6 prior to your Tuesday discussion section LON-CAPA assignment 4 is now available Don t forget to bring your Clicker to class EVERY day The points from last week have been

More information

7/16/2012. Chapter Four: Like Dissolve Like. The Water Molecule. Ionic Compounds in Water. General Properties of Aqueous Solutions

7/16/2012. Chapter Four: Like Dissolve Like. The Water Molecule. Ionic Compounds in Water. General Properties of Aqueous Solutions General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Chapter Four: TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution is made when one substance

More information

Double Bond: C 2 H 4. An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes

Double Bond: C 2 H 4. An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes Double Bond: C 2 H 4 An sp 2 hybridized C atom has one electron in each of the three sp 2 lobes Top view of the sp 2 hybrid Side view of the sp 2 hybrid + the unhybridized p orbital 1 Double Bond: C 2

More information

Chapter 4. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 4. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4 Table of Contents 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent 4.2 The Nature of Aqueous Solutions: Strong and Weak Electrolytes 4.3 The Composition

More information

Name: Class: Date: SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.

Name: Class: Date: SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. CHAPTER 14 REVIEW Acids and Bases SECTION 1 SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. Name the following compounds as acids: a. H 2 SO 4 b. H 2 SO 3 c. H 2 S d. HClO 4 e. hydrogen

More information

WYSE Academic Challenge 2004 Sectional Chemistry Solution Set

WYSE Academic Challenge 2004 Sectional Chemistry Solution Set WYSE Academic Challenge 2004 Sectional Chemistry Solution Set 1. Answer: d. Assume 100.0 g of the compound. Thus, we have 40.00 g of carbon, or 40.00/12.01 = 3.33 mol C. We have 6.71 g of hydrogen, or

More information

Unit 2 Acids and Bases

Unit 2 Acids and Bases Unit 2 Acids and Bases 1 Topics Properties / Operational Definitions Acid-Base Theories ph & poh calculations Equilibria (Kw, K a, K b ) Indicators Titrations STSE: Acids Around Us 2 Operational Definitions

More information

Name Date Class ACID-BASE THEORIES

Name Date Class ACID-BASE THEORIES 19.1 ACID-BASE THEORIES Section Review Objectives Define the properties of acids and bases Compare and contrast acids and bases as defined by the theories of Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, and Lewis Vocabulary

More information

Chapter 4. The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4-1

Chapter 4. The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4-1 Chapter 4 The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4-1 The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4.1 The Role of Water as a Solvent 4.2 Writing Equations for Aqueous Ionic Reactions 4.3 Precipitation Reactions

More information

Notes: Acids and Bases

Notes: Acids and Bases Name Chemistry Pre-AP Notes: Acids and Bases Period I. Describing Acids and Bases A. Properties of Acids taste ph 7 Acids change color of an (e.g. blue litmus paper turns in the presence of an acid) React

More information

CH 101 Fall 2018 Discussion #8 Chapter 6 Your name: TF s name: Discussion Day/Time: Things you should know when you leave Discussion today:

CH 101 Fall 2018 Discussion #8 Chapter 6 Your name: TF s name: Discussion Day/Time: Things you should know when you leave Discussion today: CH 101 Fall 2018 Discussion #8 Chapter 6 Your name: TF s name: Discussion Day/Time: Things you should know when you leave Discussion today: Precipitation Reaction & Solubility Solubility of Ionic compounds

More information

Chem II - Wed, 9/14/16

Chem II - Wed, 9/14/16 Chem II - Wed, 9/14/16 Do Now Drop off any study guides you want color coded Pull out stoich HW Homework See board Agenda Stoich Ch 4 Labish thing Chapter 4 Chemical Reactions & Solution Stoich Water Possesses

More information

-a base contains an OH group and ionizes in solutions to produce OH - ions: Neutralization: Hydrogen ions (H + ) in solution form

-a base contains an OH group and ionizes in solutions to produce OH - ions: Neutralization: Hydrogen ions (H + ) in solution form NOTES Acids, Bases & Salts Arrhenius Theory of Acids & Bases: an acid contains hydrogen and ionizes in solutions to produce H+ ions: a base contains an OH group and ionizes in solutions to produce OH ions:

More information

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution. Lecture Presentation. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO

Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution. Lecture Presentation. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Lecture Presentation Chapter 4 in Solution 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Properties of Solutions Solute: substance in lesser quantity in

More information

Quick Review. - Chemical equations - Types of chemical reactions - Balancing chemical equations - Stoichiometry - Limiting reactant/reagent

Quick Review. - Chemical equations - Types of chemical reactions - Balancing chemical equations - Stoichiometry - Limiting reactant/reagent Quick Review - Chemical equations - Types of chemical reactions - Balancing chemical equations - Stoichiometry - Limiting reactant/reagent Water H 2 O Is water an ionic or a covalent compound? Covalent,

More information

Solution Chemistry. Chapter 4

Solution Chemistry. Chapter 4 Solution Chemistry Chapter 4 Covalent Molecule Dissolving in Water Ionic Compound Dissolving in Water Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Electrolytes/Nonelectrolytes Type Dissociation Electrical Conductivity

More information

Net Ionic Reactions. The reaction between strong acids and strong bases is one example:

Net Ionic Reactions. The reaction between strong acids and strong bases is one example: Net Ionic Reactions Model 1 Net Ionic Reactions. Net ionic reactions are frequently used when strong electrolytes react in solution to form nonelectrolytes or weak electrolytes. These equations let you

More information

Chapter 4. Reactions In Aqueous Solution

Chapter 4. Reactions In Aqueous Solution Chapter 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution I) General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Homogeneous mixture on a molecular level - prop. same throughout - separable by physical means - variable composition

More information

Acid Base Equilibria

Acid Base Equilibria Acid Base Equilibria Acid Ionization, also known as acid dissociation, is the process in where an acid reacts with water to produce a hydrogen ion and the conjugate base ion. HC 2 H 3 O 2(aq) H + (aq)

More information

Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reaction and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reaction and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reaction and Solution Stoichiometry Water, the Common Solvent One of the most important substances on Earth. Can dissolve many different substances. A polar molecule because

More information

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent 4.2 The Nature of Aqueous Solutions: Strong and Weak Electrolytes 4.3 The Composition of Solutions (MOLARITY!)

More information

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions I: Acids, Bases & Salts

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions I: Acids, Bases & Salts 10 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions I: Acids, Bases & Salts CHAPTER GOALS 1. Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Acids and Bases 2. The Arrhenius Theory 3. The Hydronium Ion (Hydrated Hydrogen Ion) 4. The

More information

minocha (am56888) Topic 08 - ph Calculations brakke (2012SL) 1 1. an acid. correct 2. a solvent. 3. a base. 4. a salt. 1. hydrogen.

minocha (am56888) Topic 08 - ph Calculations brakke (2012SL) 1 1. an acid. correct 2. a solvent. 3. a base. 4. a salt. 1. hydrogen. minocha (am56888) Topic 08 - ph Calculations brakke (2012SL) 1 This print-out should have 26 questions. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page find all choices before answering.

More information

Acids, Bases and ph Preliminary Course. Steffi Thomas 14/09/2017

Acids, Bases and ph Preliminary Course. Steffi Thomas 14/09/2017 Acids, Bases and ph Preliminary Course Steffi Thomas ssthomas@tcd.ie 14/09/2017 Outline What are acids and bases? Can we provide a general definition of acid and base? How can we quantify acidity and basicity?

More information

ed. Brad Collins Aqueous Chemistry Chapter 5 Some images copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Sunday, August 18, 13

ed. Brad Collins Aqueous Chemistry Chapter 5 Some images copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Sunday, August 18, 13 ed. Brad Collins Aqueous Chemistry Chapter 5 Some images copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. A solution is a homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances at the molecular level The solute(s) is(are)

More information

H H H H H O H O. Role of Water. Role of Water. Chapter 4. Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solution H 2 H H H 2 O. Role of H 2 O(l) as solvent.

H H H H H O H O. Role of Water. Role of Water. Chapter 4. Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solution H 2 H H H 2 O. Role of H 2 O(l) as solvent. Role of Water Role of Water Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solution Role of H 2 O(l) as solvent The polar nature of water molecule Two key features: 1. The distribution of bonding electrons O H covalent

More information

SCH4U Chapter 8 review

SCH4U Chapter 8 review Name: Class: Date: SCH4U Chapter 8 review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which statement does not describe a characteristic of acidic

More information

Acids and bases. for it cannot be But I am pigeon-liver d and lack gall To make oppression bitter Hamlet. Different concepts Calculations and scales

Acids and bases. for it cannot be But I am pigeon-liver d and lack gall To make oppression bitter Hamlet. Different concepts Calculations and scales Acids and bases for it cannot be But I am pigeon-liver d and lack gall To make oppression bitter Hamlet Different concepts Calculations and scales Learning objectives You will be able to: Identify acids

More information

Page 1. Exam 2 Review Summer A 2002 MULTIPLE CHOICE. 1. Consider the following reaction: CaCO (s) + HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l)

Page 1. Exam 2 Review Summer A 2002 MULTIPLE CHOICE. 1. Consider the following reaction: CaCO (s) + HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l) Page 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Consider the following reaction: CaCO (s) + HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l) The coefficient of HCl(aq) in the balanced reaction is. a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 0 2. Given the information

More information

Empirical formula C 4 H 6 O

Empirical formula C 4 H 6 O AP Chem Test- Titration and Gravimetric Analysis p. 2 Name date 4. Empirical Formula A compound is analyzed and found to contain 68.54% carbon, 8.63% hydrogen, and 22.83% oxygen. The molecular weight of

More information

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4: Types of Chemical reactions and Solution Stoichiometry 4.1 Water, The Common Solvent State why water acts as a common solvent. Draw the structure of water, including partial charge. Write equations

More information

CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY

CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY Advanced Chemistry Name Hour Advanced Chemistry Approximate Timeline Students are expected to keep up with class work when absent. CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS & SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY Day Plans

More information

Chem 112, Fall 05 Exam 3A

Chem 112, Fall 05 Exam 3A Before you begin, make sure that your exam has all 10 pages. There are 32 required problems (3 points each, unless noted otherwise) and two extra credit problems (3 points each). Stay focused on your exam.

More information

4.6 Describing Reactions in Solution

4.6 Describing Reactions in Solution 4.6 Describing Reactions in Solution The overall or formula equation for this reaction: K 2 CrO(aq) Ba(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) BaCrO 4 (s) 2KNO 3 (aq) Although the formula equation shows the reactants and products

More information

Catalyzing thoughts: 1. How are ionic compounds different from covalent compounds when dissolved in water?

Catalyzing thoughts: 1. How are ionic compounds different from covalent compounds when dissolved in water? Name: Period: Date: General Chemistry UNIT 13: Acids and Bases Lesson 1: Theories of Acids and Bases! By the end of today, you will have an answer to: How are we able to determine which substances are

More information

CH101 Fall 2018 Discussion #7 Chapter 6 TF s name: Discussion Time:

CH101 Fall 2018 Discussion #7 Chapter 6 TF s name: Discussion Time: Name: CH101 Fall 2018 Discussion #7 Chapter 6 TF s name: Discussion Time: Things you should know when you leave Discussion today: Dissolving ionic, polar, and non-polar compounds in water Mahaffy, 2e section

More information

What is the correct name and bonding of BF 3? What is the correct name and bonding of BF 3?

What is the correct name and bonding of BF 3? What is the correct name and bonding of BF 3? What is the correct name and bonding of BF 3? 1. boron trifluoride, covalent compound 2. boron trifluoride, ionic compound 3. boron fluoride, covalent compound 4. boron fluoride, ionic compound What is

More information

Chapter 4. Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions

Chapter 4. Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions Lecture Presentation Chapter 4 Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions Reaction Stoichiometry: How Much Carbon Dioxide? The balanced chemical equations for fossilfuel combustion reactions provide the

More information

1 A. That the reaction is endothermic when proceeding in the left to right direction as written.

1 A. That the reaction is endothermic when proceeding in the left to right direction as written. 1 Q. If Δ r H is positive, what can you say about the reaction? 1 A. That the reaction is endothermic when proceeding in the left to right direction as written. 2 Q If Δ r H is negative, what can you say

More information

Equations. M = n/v. M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 if the moles are the same n 1 n 2 you can cancel out the n s. ph = -log [H + ] poh = -log [OH - ] ph + poh = 14

Equations. M = n/v. M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 if the moles are the same n 1 n 2 you can cancel out the n s. ph = -log [H + ] poh = -log [OH - ] ph + poh = 14 Equations M = n/v M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 if the moles are the same n 1 n 2 you can cancel out the n s. ph = -log [H + ] poh = -log [OH - ] ph + poh = 14 [H 3 O + ] = 10^-pH [OH - ] = 10^-pOH [H 3 O + ] [OH

More information

8.1 Explaining the Properties of Acids & Bases. SCH4U - Chemistry, Gr. 12, University Prep

8.1 Explaining the Properties of Acids & Bases. SCH4U - Chemistry, Gr. 12, University Prep 8.1 Explaining the Properties of Acids & Bases SCH4U - Chemistry, Gr. 12, University Prep Equilibrium & Acids & Bases 2 So far, we have looked at equilibrium of general chemical systems: We learned about

More information

Review of Chemistry 11

Review of Chemistry 11 Review of Chemistry 11 HCl C 3 H 8 SO 2 NH 4 Cl KOH H 2 SO 4 H 2 O AgNO 3 PbSO 4 H 3 PO 4 Ca(OH) 2 Al(OH) 3 P 2 O 5 Ba(OH) 2 CH 3 COOH 1. Classify the above as ionic or covalent by making two lists. Describe

More information

CHAPTER 8: ACID/BASE EQUILIBRIUM

CHAPTER 8: ACID/BASE EQUILIBRIUM CHAPTER 8: ACID/BASE EQUILIBRIUM Already mentioned acid-base reactions in Chapter 6 when discussing reaction types. One way to define acids and bases is using the Brønsted-Lowry definitions. A Brønsted-Lowry

More information

Solving Stoichiometry Problems for Reactions in Solution

Solving Stoichiometry Problems for Reactions in Solution Section 4.7 Stoichiometry of Precipitation Reactions Solving Stoichiometry Problems for Reactions in Solution 1. Determine what reaction if any occurs. If a reaction occurs write a balanced molecular equation.

More information

Acids and Bases Unit 11

Acids and Bases Unit 11 Mr. B s Chemistry Acids and Bases Unit 11 Name Block Let s start our discussion of acids and bases by defining some terms that are essential to the topics that follow. Arrhenius acids and bases are: acid

More information

Chapter Test B. Chapter: Acids and Bases

Chapter Test B. Chapter: Acids and Bases Assessment Chapter Test B Chapter: Acids and Bases PART I In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. 1. Which of the

More information

EXAM 3 CHEM 1310 WS09 Key Version #2

EXAM 3 CHEM 1310 WS09 Key Version #2 EXAM 3 CHEM 1310 WS09 Key Version #2 1. (p. 116) Select the correct name and chemical formula for the precipitate that forms when the following reactants are mixed. CuCl 2 (aq) + Na 2 CO 3 (aq) A. copper(ii)

More information

Unit Nine Notes N C U9

Unit Nine Notes N C U9 Unit Nine Notes N C U9 I. AcidBase Theories A. Arrhenius Acids and Bases 1. Acids contain hydronium ions (H O ) commonly referred to as hydrogen ions (H ) that dissociate in water a. Different acids release

More information

Acids and Bases. Chapter 15. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Acids and Bases. Chapter 15. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Acids and Bases Chapter 15 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Acids Have a sour taste. Vinegar owes its taste to acetic acid. Citrus fruits contain

More information

Acids Bases and Salts Acid

Acids Bases and Salts Acid Acids Bases and Salts Acid ph less than 7.0 Sour taste Electrolyte Names of Acids Binary acids Contain only 2 elements Begin with hydro; end with ic Ternary acids Ex: H 2 S = hydrosulfuric Contain a polyatomic

More information

Do Now May 1, Obj: Observe and describe neutralization reactions. Copy: Balance the neutralization reaction. KCl(aq) + H 2 O(l)

Do Now May 1, Obj: Observe and describe neutralization reactions. Copy: Balance the neutralization reaction. KCl(aq) + H 2 O(l) Do Now May 1, 2017 Obj: Observe and describe neutralization reactions. Copy: Balance the neutralization reaction. HCl + KOH KCl(aq) + H 2 O(l) If I had 100 ml of a 0.01 M HCl solution, what is the ph of

More information

Strong Acid + Strong Base

Strong Acid + Strong Base Acid-Base Reactions There are four acid-base reaction combinations that are possible: Strong acids strong bases Strong acids weak bases Weak acids strong bases Weak acids weak bases General name neutralization

More information

8.1 Theories of acids and bases

8.1 Theories of acids and bases 8. Acids and bases 8.1 Theories of acids and bases Sour-tasting substances (acids) have been known for thousands of years. Lavoisiers early theory: Acid= a compound of oxygen and a nonmetal. Arrhenius

More information

11/15/11. Chapter 16. HA(aq) + H 2 O(l) H 3 O + (aq) + A (aq) acid base conjugate conjugate

11/15/11. Chapter 16. HA(aq) + H 2 O(l) H 3 O + (aq) + A (aq) acid base conjugate conjugate Chapter 16 Table of Contents Chapter 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 Buffered Solutions Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 2 Models of Arrhenius: Acids produce H + ions in solution, bases

More information

Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases

Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases Acids 1. Sour taste. 2. Acids change the color of acid- base indicators (turn blue litmus red). 3. Some acids react with active metals and release hydrogen gas,

More information

Reaction Classes. Precipitation Reactions

Reaction Classes. Precipitation Reactions Reaction Classes Precipitation: synthesis of an ionic solid a solid precipitate forms when aqueous solutions of certain ions are mixed AcidBase: proton transfer reactions acid donates a proton to a base,

More information

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 1 Chapter 4 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions (4.1) Precipitation Reactions (4.2) Acid-Base Reactions (4.3) Oxidation-Reduction Reactions (4.4) Concentration of Solutions

More information

AREA 1: WATER. Chapter 6 ACIDS AND BASES. 6.1 Properties of acids and bases

AREA 1: WATER. Chapter 6 ACIDS AND BASES. 6.1 Properties of acids and bases AREA 1: WATER Chapter 6 ACIDS AND BASES 6.1 Properties of acids and bases Acids are: Sour May be corrosive Dissolve in water to produce an electrolyte, Turn blue litmus red Neutralised by bases. Bases

More information

Chapter 3: Solution Chemistry (For best results when printing these notes, use the pdf version of this file)

Chapter 3: Solution Chemistry (For best results when printing these notes, use the pdf version of this file) Chapter 3: Solution Chemistry (For best results when printing these notes, use the pdf version of this file) Section 3.1: Solubility Rules (For Ionic Compounds in Water) Section 3.1.1: Introduction Solubility

More information

ph calculations MUDr. Jan Pláteník, PhD Brønsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases Acid is a proton donor Base is a proton acceptor

ph calculations MUDr. Jan Pláteník, PhD Brønsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases Acid is a proton donor Base is a proton acceptor ph calculations MUDr. Jan Pláteník, PhD Brønsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases Acid is a proton donor Base is a proton acceptor HCl(aq) + H 2 O(l) H 3 O + (aq) + Cl - (aq) Acid Base Conjugate acid Conjugate

More information

Section 32 Acids and Bases. Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved.

Section 32 Acids and Bases. Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved. Section 32 Acids and Bases 1 Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved. Acid-Base Concepts Acids and bases are among the most familiar and important of all chemical compounds. You

More information

School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban. CHEM191 Tutorial 1: Buffers

School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban. CHEM191 Tutorial 1: Buffers School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban CHEM191 Tutorial 1: Buffers Preparing a Buffer 1. How many moles of NH 4 Cl must be added to 1.0 L of 0.05 M NH 3 to form

More information

Solubility & Net Ionic review

Solubility & Net Ionic review Solubility & Net Ionic review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. All ionic compounds

More information

Announcements. Please come to the front of the classroom and pick up a Solution Problems worksheet before class starts!

Announcements. Please come to the front of the classroom and pick up a Solution Problems worksheet before class starts! Announcements Please come to the front of the classroom and pick up a Solution Problems worksheet before class starts! Announcements 1. Mid-term grades will be posted soon (just used scaled exam 1 score

More information

CHEMISTRY Matter and Change

CHEMISTRY Matter and Change CHEMISTRY Matter and Change UNIT 18 Table Of Contents Section 18.1 Introduction to Acids and Bases Unit 18: Acids and Bases Section 18.2 Section 18.3 Section 18.4 Strengths of Acids and Bases Hydrogen

More information

Chapter 15. Preview. Lesson Starter Objectives Hydronium Ions and Hydroxide Ions The ph Scale Calculations Involving ph

Chapter 15. Preview. Lesson Starter Objectives Hydronium Ions and Hydroxide Ions The ph Scale Calculations Involving ph Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Hydronium Ions and Hydroxide Ions The ph Scale Calculations Involving ph Section 1 Aqueous Solutions and the Concept of ph Lesson Starter Describe what is taking place

More information

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Collision A bag of mostly water - Star Trek - Rareness No mobility Solution is the solution. Water, the Common Solvent A bag of mostly

More information

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Reactions in Aqueous Solution 1 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter 4 For test 3: Sections 3.7 and 4.1 to 4.5 Copyright The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2 A solution is a homogenous

More information

Chapter Four: Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Chapter Four: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter Four: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Learning Outcomes: Identify compounds as acids or bases, and as strong, weak, or nonelectrolytes Recognize reactions by type and be able to predict the products

More information

Chapter 14. Objectives

Chapter 14. Objectives Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Objectives List five general properties of aqueous acids and bases. Name common binary acids and oxyacids, given their chemical formulas. List five acids commonly

More information

Chemistry 40S Acid-Base Equilibrium (This unit has been adapted from

Chemistry 40S Acid-Base Equilibrium (This unit has been adapted from Chemistry 40S Acid-Base Equilibrium (This unit has been adapted from https://bblearn.merlin.mb.ca) Name: 1 Lesson 1: Defining Acids and Bases Goals: Outline the historical development of acid base theories.

More information

CHEM 200/202. Professor Gregory P. Holland Office: GMCS-213C. All s are to be sent to:

CHEM 200/202. Professor Gregory P. Holland Office: GMCS-213C. All  s are to be sent to: CHEM 200/202 Professor Gregory P. Holland Office: GMCS-213C All emails are to be sent to: chem200@mail.sdsu.edu My office hours will be held in GMCS-212 on Monday from 12:00 pm to 2:00 pm or by appointment.

More information

Chapter 4 Outline. Electrolytic Properties

Chapter 4 Outline. Electrolytic Properties +4.1 - General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Solution = a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances Solvent = substance present in greatest quantity Solute = the other substance(s) present in a solution

More information

Chapter 14. Acids and Bases

Chapter 14. Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Acids and Bases Section 14.1 The Nature of Acids and Bases Models of Acids and Bases Arrhenius: Acids produce H + ions in solution, bases produce OH - ions. Brønsted Lowry: Acids are proton

More information