Willmar Public Schools Curriculum Map

Transcription

1 Subject Area Science Senior High Course Name Physical Science 9 Date June 2010 Timeline Content Standards Addressed Skills/Benchmarks Essential Questions Assessments Practice of Science Science is a way of knowing about the natural world and is characterized by empirical criteria, logical argument and skeptical review. Explain the implications of the assumption that the rules of the universe are the same everywhere and these rules can be discovered by careful and systematic investigation. Understand that scientists conduct investigations for a variety of reasons, including: to discover new aspects of the natural world, to explain observed phenomena, to test the conclusions of prior investigations, or to test the predictions of current theories. What impacts do the fields of chemistry and physics and their related science and technological advances have on society? Describe how changes in scientific knowledge generally occur in incremental steps that include and build on earlier knowledge. Explain how scientific and technological innovations as well as new evidence can challenge portions of, or entire accepted theories and models including, but not limited to: cell theory, atomic theory, theory of

2 evolution, plate tectonic theory, germ theory of disease, and the big bang theory. Science Scientific inquiry uses multiple interrelated processes to investigate and explain the natural world. Formulate a testable hypothesis, design and conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis, analyze the data, consider alternative explanations and draw conclusions supported by evidence from the investigation. Identify the critical assumptions and logic used in a line of reasoning to judge the validity of a claim. How does the scientific method and its component activities, such as observing, collecting data, formulating and testing hypotheses, and theorizing help communicate information in the scientific community? is a way of addressing human needs by applying science concepts and mathematical techniques to develop new products, tools, processes and systems. Understand that engineering designs and products are often continually checked and critiqued for alternatives, risks, costs and benefits, so that subsequent designs are refined and improved. How are science and technology interrelated and how do they affect our socioeconomic society?. design is an analytical and creative process of devising a solution to meet a need or solve a specific problem. Natural and designed systems are made up of components that act within a system and interact with other systems. Identify a problem and the associated constraints on possible design solutions. Describe a system, including specifications of boundaries and subsystems, relationships to other systems, and identification How are devices changing over time? How is engineering implemented in the designing process to be cost effective? What factors are involved in the efficiency of a machine and its design? How is energy transferred

3 -Interactions Among Science, Technology,, Mathematics, and Society of inputs and expected outputs. Identify properties of a system that are different from those of its parts but appear because of the interaction of those parts. through a complex machine?. -Interactions Among Science, Technology,, Mathematics, and Society 2 weeks. -Interactions Among Science, Technology,, Mathematics, and Society Men and women throughout the history of all cultures, including Minnesota American Indian tribes and communities, have been involved in engineering design and scientific inquiry. Science, technology, engineering and mathematics rely on each other to enhance knowledge and understanding Analyze possible careers in science and engineering in terms of education requirements, working practices and rewards. Determine and use appropriate safety procedures, tools, computers and measurement instruments in science and engineering contexts. Select and use appropriate numeric, symbolic, pictorial, or graphical representation to communicate scientific ideas, procedures and experimental results. Demonstrate how unit consistency and dimensional analysis can guide the calculation of quantitative solutions and verification of results. What are the career possibilities in science? What are the safety guidelines and procedures for science activities? What is the significance of proper scientific measurements and calculations? How are mathematical calculations related to scientific experimentation? How is data analysis and presentation important in problem solving?

4 8 weeks Matter The structure of the atom determines chemical properties of elements. Describe the relative charges, masses, and locations of the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of an element. Describe how experimental evidence led Dalton, Rutherford, Thompson, Chadwick and Bohr to develop increasingly accurate models of the atom. Explain the arrangement of the elements on the Periodic Table, including the relationships among elements in a given column or row. How does the atomic theory of matter use the ideas of Dalton, Rutherford, Thompson, Chadwick and Bohr to explain the present day model of the atom? How does the structure of the atom determine its position on the periodic table and predict its properties? How does the structure of the atom account for isotopes? What is the significance of writing correct molecular and chemical formulas? How is a chemical equation properly balanced? Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms as chemical bonds are broken and formed through transferring or sharing electrons and the absorption or release of energy. Explain that isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons and that some are unstable and emit particles and/or radiation. Describe the role of valence electrons in the formation of chemical bonds. How is energy related to chemical reactions? Explain how the rearrangement of atoms in a chemical reaction illustrates the law of conservation of mass. Describe a chemical reaction using words and

5 symbolic equations. Relate exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions to temperature and energy changes. 4 weeks Motion An object s mass and the forces on it affect the motion of an object. Recognize that inertia is the property of an object that causes it to resist changes in motion. Explain and calculate the acceleration of an object subjected to a set of forces in one dimension (F=ma). Demonstrate that whenever one object exerts force on another, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction is exerted by the second object back on the first object. How can movement and force be explained in mathematical and physical interactions? How can velocity, acceleration and gravity be explained mathematically? How are Newton s laws related to an object's motion? Use Newton s universal law of gravitation to describe and calculate the attraction between massive objects based on the distance between them. 3 weeks Energy Energy can be transformed within a system or transferred to other systems or the environment, but is always conserved. Identify the energy forms and explain the transfers of energy involved in the operation of common devices. Calculate and explain the energy, work and power involved in energy transfers How are energy, heat and work interrelated? How does this affect you? What are the different forms of energy and how can they be transferred from one into the other?

6 1 week Human Interactions with Physical Systems There are benefits, costs and risks to different means of generating and using energy. in a mechanical system. Describe how energy is transferred through sound waves and how pitch and loudness are related to wave properties of frequency and amplitude. Compare fission and fusion in terms of the reactants, the products and the conversion from matter into energy. Describe the properties and uses of forms of electromagnetic radiation from radio frequencies through gamma radiation. Compare local and global environmental and economic advantages and disadvantages of generating electricity using various sources or energy. Describe the trade-offs involved when technological developments impact the way we use energy, natural resources, or synthetic materials. Content -- big ideas, broad topics, major subcategories and underlying concepts Standards Addressed -- state and/or local standards Skills/Benchmarks -- tells what the student will be able to do as a result of instruction Essential Questions -- what overarching questions will guide instruction and produce higher levels of thinking? Assessments -- evidence that the student understands the concepts, demonstration of skills What are the main properties of the electromagnetic spectrum? How does energy and its use relate to one's life?