Neutral Beam Analysis Codes Used on the NSTX-U and DIII-D Tokamaks

Transcription

1 Neutra Beam Anaysis Codes Used on the NSTX-U and DIII-D Tokamaks D. P. Stoter 1, B. A. Grierson 1, D. Liu 2, M. Goreenkova 1, W. W. Heidbrink 2, F. M. Levinton 3, H. Yuh 3, R.E. Be 1 1 Princeton Pasma Physics Lab, 2 U. Caifornia Irvine, 3 Nova Photonics IAEA 1. RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams in Fusion Pasmas June 2017

2 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 2

3 DIII-D Tokamak & NBI Systems R = 1.67 m, a = 0.67 m B T = 2.2 T I p 1 MA T e, T i : 1 10 kev, n e up to m -3. Four beam boxes, two sources each: kv, up to 34 MW tota. Three co-i p, one counter. [W. Heidbrink, et a., Nuc. Fusion 52, (2012)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 3

4 Nationa Spherica Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) With the upgrade: Pasma: Te 1 kev, ne up to 1020 m-3. Two beam ines, three sources each, R = m, a = 0.6 m BT = T Ip = 1 2 MA Energy up to 90 kev, Up to 15 MW tota. June 19, 2017 [J. Menard et a., Nuc. Fusion 52, (2012)] Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 4

5 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 5

6 CSI: Neutra Transport & CR Mode Data DEGAS 2: Monte Caro neutra transport code: Input materia surfaces, geometry, pasma, neutra sources, Specify pasma-neutra reactions, materia interactions. Output: neutra density, ine emission. Principa reactions: H effective ionization & recombination rates from CR mode, Up to 50 kev. H 2 dissociation, ionization, etc. H + + H CX, eastic scattering. DEGAS 2 inferred ambient neutra density profies [D. Stoter, et a., Phys. Pasmas 22, (2015)]. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 6

7 Secondary CSI: Responsibe for DIII-D CER Spectroscopy & DIII-D Neutra Beam Physics Leader 2014 DoE Eary Career Research Program winner deveop D + charge exchange recombination (CER) diagnostic for DIII-D pedesta. Yieds D + temperature & veocity profies. CER anaysis utiizes mutipe codes from project. [B. Grierson et a., Phys. Pasmas 19, (2012)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 7

8 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 8

9 TRANSP: Time Dependent Interpretive & Predictive Transport Anaysis Code Dates back to TFTR & earier. Used to anayze data on many tokamaks: NSTX, DIII-D, JET, ASDEX-U, KSTAR, MAST, Connected to IMAS (ITER Modeing & Anaysis Suite). NUBEAM is a centra routine. [R. Budny, Phys. Pasmas 18, (2011)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 9

10 NUBEAM: Monte Caro Beam Injection & Sowing Down Modue in TRANSP [A. Pankin et a., Comput. Phys. Comm. 159, 157 (2004)]. Incudes: Beam deposition, Fast ion orbits & sowing down, Beam driven current, Fusion reactions. 3-D, mutipe generation, hao neutra popuation. Mutipe atomic physics options, Focus here on newest, ADAS based modes. 3-D box used for a beam [S. Medey et a., Pasma Phys. Contro. Fusion 58, (2016)]. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 10

11 FIDAsim Supports Mutipe Fast Ion D α Diagnostics on DIII-D & NSTX-U Supports FIDA, Neutra Partice Anayzer (NPA), CER, FIDA: Fast Ion D α, resut of CX between fast ions & beam atoms. Simiar to, but independent of NUBEAM. Monte Caro beam penetration & hao cacuation. Incudes beam attenuation by eectrons, main & impurity ions. Time dependent coisiona radiative mode, up to n=6. Charge exchange with main and fast ions, Fast ion distribution obtained from NUBEAM. [W. Heidbrink et a., Commun. Comput. Physics 10, 716 (2011)], But see: D3DEnergetic/FIDASIM/ June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 11

12 NSTX-U Charge Exchange Recombination Spectroscopy: CHERS Determine C +6 density, temperature, toroida & pooida veocity. V po Measurement sensitive to atomic physics detais & gyroorbit. Presenty, a via ADAS. D 0 (n D )+C 6+ D + +C 5+ (n), View n = 8 7, n n D Z 3/4 n D = 2, But, need data for n D = 3, 4, 5 aso. [R. Be and R. Feder, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81, 10D724 (2010), R. Be et a., Phys. Pasmas 17, (2010)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 12

13 Motiona Stark Effect for NSTX-U & ITER Measures B po. Initia NSTX system: Coisionay Induced Fuorescence (CIF) [F. Levinton and H. Yuh, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 10F522 (2008)], Coisiona excitation of beam atoms Stark effect poarized D α. Laser Induced Fuorescence (LIF) now on NSTX-U [E. Foey and F. Levinton, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, (2013)], Provides radia resoution. MSE for ITER wi use ine shift approach [E. Foey et a., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 10F521 (2008)]. To minimize effect of mirror coatings. CR mode used for anaysis requires n resoved cross sections [E. Foey and F. Levinton, J. Phys. B 39, 443 (2006)]. CIF: LIF: June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 13

14 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 14

15 NUBEAM - FIDAsim Benchmark Focused primariy on verifying NUBEAM s hao mode [S. Medey et a., Pasma Phys. Contro. Fusion 58, (2016)]. Hao density comparabe to beam density cannot be ignored. For comparison, use ground state ADAS cross sections ony. & no fast hao neutras in TRANSP. One NSTX beam source with 3 energy components, focus & divergence, Reaistic pasma profies, incuding toroida rotation. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 15

16 NUBEAM-FIDAsim: Comparison of Beam & Hao Densities June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 16

17 NUBEAM-FIDAsim: Density Profie Comparison Define oca coordinate system: June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 17

18 NUBEAM & FIDAsimHao Densities Sensitive to Cross Sections Now use defaut sets of cross sections for both codes: NUBEAM: ADAS310. FIDAsim: excited states n 6 from ADAS & [Janev, Reiter, Samm, Jue-4105 (2004)]. Beam densities match, But, NUBEAM hao density 20% arger than FIDAsim. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 18

19 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 19

20 CX Spectrum Gives DIII-D Beam Density Components & FIDA [B. Grierson et a., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 11E545 (2016)]. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 20

21 DIII-D CER FIDA & Beam Densities Match FIDAsim FIDAsim CER n e = 2.5 x m -3 n e = 4.5 x m -3 n e = 6.7 x m -3 [B. Grierson et a., Phys. Pasmas 19, (2012)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 21

22 FIDAsim Spectrum & Hao Aso Match DIII-D CER Data FIDAsim matches CER spectrum: , R = s Comparison of direct hao emission: [B. Grierson et a., Phys. Pasmas 19, (2012)] [B. Grierson et a., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D529 (2012)] June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 22

23 Outine Background & Introduction Experiments Reevant expertise of Chief & Secondary SI Project Codes & Diagnostics TRANSP / NUBEAM FIDAsim CHERS MSE NUBEAM FIDAsim Benchmark FIDAsim Vaidation Project Description Project Status June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 23

24 Project Scope Limited to codes run for DIII-D & NSTX-U, Beam energy up to 90 kev, T 1-10 kev. Carbon pasma facing components principa impurity is carbon, NSTX-U wi use extensive Li conditioning, Both seed impurities for radiative divertor studies. Primary ines for diagnostics: D α and C 5+ (n=8 7). NUBEAM deveopers working on He beam mode. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 24

25 Project Pan: Year One List atomic physics processes in these codes, Identify sources of cross sections & rates. Assess data consistency where processes overap. Are any data obsoete? Determine status of data for CHERS: D(n > 2) + C 6+ charge exchange. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 25

26 Project Pan: Year Two Compare coisiona radiative rates in overapping regimes. Provide NUBEAM-FIDAsim benchmark detais, as needed. Document parameters of DIII-D FIDAsim vaidation tests. Report on progress towards understanding inconsistencies in DIII-D impurity injection & beam votage variation experiments. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 26

27 Project Pan: Year Three Document outstanding data needs, if any. Revise atomic physics data according to input from CRP. Update progress towards understanding inconsistencies in DIII-D experiments. Assess data requirements for NUBEAM simuation of He beams. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 27

28 Project Status FIDAsim extremey we documented, Processes incuded easiy identified, Sources of data have aready been estabished. NUBEAM: focusing on processes & data used in FIDAsim benchmark, A NUBEAM data based on ADAS. Have for comparison data from H CR mode used by DEGAS 2 for ow energy neutra modeing. Prepared to discuss need for D(n > 2) + C 6+ charge exchange data. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 28

29 FOR DISCUSSION June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 29

30 Need for C +6 + D(n>2) CX Data Foowing sides show CHERS measurements on TFTR of n = 8 7, 14 10, and ine ratios, Simiar ratios have been seen more recenty on DIII-D. The n n D Z 3/4 scaing n D = 2, 3, 4, 5 preferentiay popuates n = 8, 12, 15, 19. n D > 2 data needed to expain these ratios. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 30

31 TFTR spectra indicate that C VI (n=14-10) to C VI (n=8-7) brightness ratio is ~3.6 % Data taken during TFTR pchers commissioning near beam turn-on n e ~1.2 x m -3, T i,t e ~ 3 kev Measured reative brightness of C VI nm nm nm Brightness ratio B 8-7 :B is 28:1 Measured ratio provides an estimate for expected C VI (n=14-10) brightness on NSTX Coisiona-Radiative (CR) mode for CX using n D =1,2,3 excited donor neutras under popuates upper n eves compared to measurement From CR mode, expect itte variation between these TFTR parameters and NSTX parameters saturation eve! ast frame before NB phase (background)! first frame during NB phase! during NB phase (saturated)! (CCD! smearing)! About 50% of on NSTX can be due to C VI R. E. Be 53 rd Annua Meeting of the Division of Pasma Physics November 14-18, 2011 June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 31 9

32 Brightness ratios measure n-eve popuation ratios CX spectra obtained by subtracting pre-beam spectrum from post-beam turn-on spectrum. C VI! n=14-10! C VI! n=17-11! C VI! n=8-7! Assuming fuy mixed eves, the TFTR measurements impy that the n=14 and n=17 eves are more popuated by charge exchange with the neutra beams that the n=8 eve The CR mode using donor neutras n D =1,2,3 does not adequatey popuate the upper eves Other popuating mechanisms, e.g. n D =4,5,6, are required to match measured brightness ratio. B " A ki N k N k is popuation of n - eve k A ki coefficients for C VI: A 8#7 = 2.94 $10 8 A 14#10 = 7.02 $10 6 A 17#11 = 2.08 $10 6 B 14#10 B 8#7 = A 14#10 A 8#7 N 14 N 8 = 1 28 N 14 N 8 = B 14#10 B 8#7 A 8#7 A 14#10 = 1.5 B 17#11 B 8#7 % & N 17 N 8 = 1.2 R. E. Be 53 rd Annua Meeting of the Division of Pasma Physics November 14-18, 2011 June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 32 10

33 O Muane Proposed Pan for Assessing Existing Data & Scaings ADAS CXRS mode needs n-resoved input cross sections, Ony have comprehensive data for n = 1 & 2. Some data for n = 3 & 4. Janev APID Vo. 4 has scaing for D(n > 3), but needs to be checked. More detais in his emai dated June 24, June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 33

34 FIDAsim Time Dependent CR Mode Proton excitation: A n, m from JRS-4105, For n 4, m >n, this is Lodge-Perciva-Richards. Proton charge exchange on next side Proton ionization: For n = 1, use JRS-4105, For n = 2 5, use adas_c09_01.pdf. Higher n uses scaed n=5 cross section. Eectron impact excitation: A from JRS-4105 ( Johnson for n 2, m 4). Eectron impact ionization: A from JRS-4105 ( Johnson for n 4). Charge exchange on fuy stripped impurities: Uses ADAS data where avaiabe, For C +6, n = 1 (qcx#h0_od#c6.dat), 2 (h0_ex2), 3 (h0_ex3). Aso has fits for B +5. Everything ese uses q > 3 fit from APID Vo. 4. Excitation by fuy stripped impurities: A use genera Z expressions in APID Vo. 4. Ionization by fuy stripped impurities: A from APID Vo. 4, Specific fits for B +5, C +6 & n = 1. Genera fit for everything ese. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 34

35 FIDAsim Proton Charge Exchange Data Use equivaence principe to obtain reverse reactions for data avaiabe in ADAS: Data from JRS-4105 used to fi out tabe, But, cross sections summed over m spread out assuming exponentia variation with energy difference. Scaing expressions used for n 4. ADAS fies used in adf01/qcx#h0: qcx#h0_od#h1.dat qcx#h0_e2s#h1.dat qcx#h0_e2p#h1.dat qcx#h0_ex3#h1.dat June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 35

36 NUBEAM Data Many options this is a work in progress. Focused on three options examined in FIDAsim benchmark, a based on ADAS data: 1. Ground state beam atoms ony, 2. Incorporate excited state effects through enhanced stopping cross section, 3. Stopping cross sections from ADAS_310. ADAS code incorporated into the PREACT package compied into NUBEAM. Ground state data used: Ion interactions from adf02/sia#h/sia#h_j99#h.dat fies for both D+ & fuy stripped impurities. Eectron impact data from adf07/szd93#h/szd93#h_h.dat. ADAS fies referenced by ADAS_310 reated routines: From adf18/p310_a17/bnden_exp#h0.dat And adf01/qcx#h0/qcx#h0_e2p#h1.dat And adf04/hike/hike_bn#h91h.dat and 91h.dat. And adf02/sia#h/sia#h_j99#h.dat. June 19, 2017 Stoter - RCM on Data for Atomic Processes of Neutra Beams 36