SCIENCE 8 WORKBOOK Section 2 Atomic Theory Ms. Jamieson 2018 This workbook belongs to:
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1 SCIENCE 8 WORKBOOK Section 2 Atomic Theory Ms. Jamieson 2018 This workbook belongs to: Eric Hamber Secondary 5025 Willow Street Vancouver, BC
2 Table of Contents A. Models in Science Making Sense of Models B. The History of Atomic Theory Atomic Theory.. 2 Atomic Theory Timeline Contributions to Atomic Theory 5 Rutherford s Gold Foil Experiment.. 6 Atomic Theory Matchup. 7 C. The Model of the Atom (Protons, Neutrons and Electrons) Video Notes: Bill Nye - Atoms 8 Parts of an Atom. 10 Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table.. 11 Atomic Number, Mass Number and Net Charge Atomic Model Vocabulary.. 14 Test Your Atomic Model Vocabulary!. 15 D. Subatomic Particles (Leptons, Quarks, Mesons, Gluons) A Short History of Subatomic Particles 16 Quarks and Leptons.. 18 Subatomic Particles Vocabulary.. 19 Test Your Subatomic Particles Vocabulary! Atomic Theory Crossword Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson 2018
3 Making Sense of Models Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
4 Atomic Theory Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
5 An Energy level is the amount of energy that an electron has, which determines the electron s distance from the nucleus. The greater the energy level, the farther from the nucleus. Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
6 2 Atomic Theory Atomic Theory Timeline Use with BC Science Connections pages Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
7 Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
8 2 Atomic Theory Rutherford s Gold Foil Experiment Use wth BC Science Connections pages Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
9 Atomic Theory Matchup Which scientist is responsible for which parts of the Atomic Theory? John Dalton J.J. Thomson Ernest Rutherford Neils Bohr Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
10 Video Notes: Bill Nye Atoms 1. Matter is anything that has and. (mass or weight) (volume or area) 2. The center of the atom is called the. 3. The of the atom contains two subatomic particles: a) the which are positively (+) charged b) which are neutral (no charge). 4. The negatively (-) charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus are called. 5. The flow of electrons from one atom to another is called. 6. The atom is mostly space. 7. How many atoms could fit on the top of a pin? A. 1,000 B. 10,000 C. 100,000 D. 1,000, All matter is made of and. and gases are produced during the electrolysis of water. 9. Breaking apart water using electrolysis is a change. (physical or chemical) 10. The number of in the gives atoms of elements unique chemical and physical properties. Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
11 11. Each element has a unique and one or two-letter abbreviation called the symbol. 12. C3H5N3O9 is the chemical formula for which is used to made dynamite? 13. Elements are organized in the of. 14. How many elements occur naturally in nature? A. 68 B. 81 C. 92 D Quarks are located inside A. Electrons B. Protons C. Neutrons D. Both B and C 16. Everything is the universe is either or. 17. are the building blocks of all matter. 18. Which element is the foundation of organic chemistry and makes life possible? A. Hydrogen (H) B. Oxygen (O) C. Carbon (C) D. Nitrogen (N) Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
12 2 Atomic Theory Parts of an Atom Use with BC Science Connections pages Atoms, Ions and Net Charge In an ordinary atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. The positive and negative charges balance out, so the atom has no Net Charge. However, atoms can gain or lose electrons. If the atom gains extra electrons, it has a net charge that is negative. If it loses electrons, it has a net charge that is positive. An atom with a net charge is called an Ion. In each of the Ions at right, draw the number of electrons needed to produce the Net Charge written on the top right corner: NOTE: the first inner energy level can only hold 2 electrons. Extra electrons must be placed on the next ouside energy level Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
13 Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table The Atomic Number is the number of protons in an atom. An Element is the identity of an atom, based on the Atomic Number. The atoms of each element have a unique number of protons. No two elements have the same number of protons. The Periodic Table of Elements is a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number. Each element on the table is represented by a box that contains the Element Symbol, Element Name, Atomic Number and other information. Element Symbol C Carbon 1 + Element name Atomic Number (number of Protons) Look at the atoms below and count the protons. Fill in the atomic number below each atom. The look up the Element Symbol and Element Name and fill these in below each atom Atomic Number: Element Symbol: Element Name: Atomic Number: Element Symbol: Element Name: Atomic Number: Element Symbol: Element Name: Atomic Number: Element Symbol: Element Name: The Mass Number of an atom is the number of Protons and Neutrons. The number of Protons and Neutrons is a nucleus is not always equal. Often there are many more neutrons than protons. The same element can have atoms with different numbers of neutrons. The atoms below all belong to the element Lithium. They all have the same atomic number, but they have different mass numbers. Count the protons and neutrons and fill in the mass number Atomic Number = Mass Number = Atomic Number = Mass Number = Atomic Number = Mass Number = Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
14 Atomic Number, Mass Number and Net Charge Carbon Atom Lithium Ion Fluorine Atom 1) Look at the information about the Carbon atom and answer the questions below. 6 C 12 < atomic number (number of protons) < element symbol < mass number (mass of protons and neutrons) a. How many protons does Carbon have? b. How many neutrons does Carbon have? c. How many electrons does Carbon have? d. What is the overall charge of the Carbon atom? 2) Look at the information about the Lithium ion and answer the questions below. 3 < atomic number (number of protons) Li < element symbol 6 < mass number (mass of protons and neutrons) a. How many protons does the Lithium ion have? b. How many neutrons does the Lithium ion have? c. How many electrons does the Lithium ion have? d. What is the overall charge of the Lithium? 3) Look at the information about the Fluorine atom and answer the questions below. 9 < atomic number (number of protons) F < element symbol 19 < mass number (mass of protons and neutrons) a. How many protons does Fluorine have? b. How many neutrons does Fluorine have? c. How many electrons does Fluorine have? d. What is the overall charge of the Fluorine atom? Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
15 4) Fill in the following table: Element Symbol Atomic Mass Number Number Number Net Atom Name Number Number of of of Charge or protons neutrons electrons Ion Beryllium Atom S 28 0 Potassium 39 Atom O Phosphorus 16 Atom 2 4 Atom Sodium Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
16 Atomic Model Vocabulary Term 1. Atom Definition 2. Atomic Number 3. Bohr Model Diagram 4. Electron 5. Element 6. Energy Level 7. Ion 8. Mass Number 9. Net Charge 10. Neutron 11. Nucleus 12. Periodic Table 13. Proton 14. Subatomic Particles Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
17 Test Your Atomic Theory Vocabulary! Term 1. Atom 2. Atomic Number 3. Bohr Model Diagram 4. Electron 5. Element 6. Energy Level (Shell) 7. Ion 8. Mass Number 9. Net Charge 10. Neutron 11. Nucleus 12. Periodic Table 13. Proton 14. Subatomic Particles A. The amount of energy that an electron has, which determines the electron s distance from the nucleus. B. The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom C. The amount of positive charge minus the amount of negative charge D. Number of protons in an atom E. An atom that has a net charge either negative or positive F. Positively charged subatomic particles that exist in the nucleus G. Particles that are smaller than atoms H. Neutral subatomic particle that exists in the nucleus I. The centre of the atom J. a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number K. The smallest particle of an element that still has the identity and properties of that element L. A model of the atom in which electrons occupy specific energy levels or shells M. Negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus N. A substance that is made entirely from one type of atom. Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
18 A Short History of Subatomic Particles Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
19 Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
20 2 Atomic Theory Quarks and Leptons Use with BC Science Connections pages An Elementary Particle (aka Fundamental Particle) is a subatomic particle with no substructure, thus not composed of other particles. A Composite Particle contains two or more elementary particles. Complete the following table comparing the proton, neutron and electron: Proton Neutron Composite Particle Electron Composed of two Up Quarks and one Down Quark Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
21 Subatomic Particles Vocabulary Term 1. Composite Particle Definition 2. Electron 3. Elementary Particle or Fundamental Particle 4. Gluon 5. Lepton 6. Meson 7. Neutron 8. Proton 9. Quark 1. Why is there a difference in charge between a proton and a neutron? 2. What is the difference between a composite particle and an elementary particle? 3. What is the difference between a meson and a gluon? Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
22 Test Your Elementary Particles Vocabulary! 2 Atomic Theory Term 1. Composite Particle 2. Electron 3. Elementary Particle (Fundamental Particle) 4. Gluon 5. Lepton 6. Meson 7. Neutron 8. Proton 9. Quark Definition A. A type of elementary subatomic particle B. A particle that holds protons and neutrons together to form the nucleus C. An Elementary particle that makes up protons and neutrons D. A composite particle made of two up quarks and one down quark E. A composite particle made of one up quark and two down quarks F. A subatomic particle with no substructure, thus not composed of other particles. G. A particle that contains two or more elementary particles. H. A particle that holds quarks together I. An elementary particle that is a type of lepton 1. Which subatomic particles are composite particles? 2. Which subatomic particles are elemental or fundamental particles? Science 8 Workbook Ms. Jamieson
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