Limits Indeterminate Forms and L Hospital s Rule
|
|
- Abel Harris
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Limits Indtrmint Forms nd L Hospitl s Rul I Indtrmint Form o th Tp W hv prviousl studid its with th indtrmint orm s shown in th ollowin mpls: Empl : Empl : tn [Not: W us th ivn it ] Empl : 8 h 8 [Not: W us th dinition h h 8 h o th drivtiv whr h h nd = 8] Empl : dinition o th drivtiv nd ] [Not: W us th whr
2 Howvr, thr is nrl, sstmtic mthod or dtrminin its with th indtrmint orm Suppos tht nd r dirntibl unctions t = nd tht is n indtrmint orm o th tp ; tht is, nd Sinc nd r dirntibl unctions t =, thn nd r continuous t = ; tht is, = nd = Furthrmor, c nd r dirntibl unctions t =, thn nd Thus, i, thn i nd r continuous t = This illustrts spcil cs o th tchniqu known s L Hospitl s Rul L Hospitl s Rul or Form Suppos tht nd r dirntibl unctions on n opn intrvl continin =, cpt possibl t =, nd tht nd I hs init it, or i this it is or, thn Morovr, this sttmnt is lso tru in th cs o it s,,, or s In th ollowin mpls, w will us th ollowin thr-stp procss: Stp Chck tht th it o is n indtrmint orm o tp I it is not, thn L Hospitl s Rul cnnot b usd Stp Dirntit nd sprtl [Not: Do not dirntit u th quotint rul!]
3 Stp Find th it o I this it is init,, or, thn it is qul to th it o I th it is n indtrmint orm o tp, thn simpli lbricll nd ppl L Hospitl s Rul in Empl : Empl : tn sc Empl : h 8 h h h 8 h h 8 h 8 Empl : Empl : twic] [Us L Hospitl s Rul Empl :, or whr Empl 7: [This it is not n indtrmint orm o th tp, so L Hospitl s Rul cnnot b usd]
4 II Indtrmint Form o th Tp W hv prviousl studid its with th indtrmint orm s shown in th ollowin mpls: Empl : Empl : Empl : it dos not ist Empl : bcus < nd thus =
5 Howvr, w could us nothr vrsion o L Hospitl s Rul L Hospitl s Rul or Form Suppos tht nd r dirntibl unctions on n opn intrvl continin =, cpt possibl t =, nd tht nd I hs init it, or i this it is or, thn Morovr, this sttmnt is lso tru in th cs o it s,,, or s Empl : 7 Empl : Empl : 8 Empl : 8 L Hospitl s Rul dos not hlp in this sitution W would ind th it s w did prviousl
6 Empl : = Empl : rctn Empl 7: rctn [This it is not n indtrmint orm o th tp, so L Hospitl s Rul cnnot b usd] III Indtrmint Form o th Tp Indtrmint orms o th tp cn somtims b vlutd b rwritin th product s quotint, nd thn pplin L Hospitl s Rul or th indtrmint orms o tp or Empl : Empl : csc csc cot tn tn Empl : [Lt ]
7 IV Indtrmint Form o th Tp A it problm tht lds to on o th prssions,,, is clld n indtrmint orm o tp Such its r indtrmint bcus th two trms rt conlictin inluncs on th prssion; on pushs it in th positiv dirction nd th othr pushs it in th ntiv dirction Howvr, its problms tht ld to on th prssions,,, r not indtrmint, c th two trms work tothr th irst two produc it o nd th lst two produc it o Indtrmint orms o th tp cn somtims b vlutd b combinin th trms nd mnipultin th rsult to produc n indtrmint orm o tp or Empl : Empl : V Indtrmint Forms o th Tps,, Limits o th orm or rquntl iv ris to indtrmint orms o th tps,, Ths indtrmint orms cn somtims b vlutd s ollows: 7
8 Th it on th rihthnd sid o th qution will usull b n indtrmint it o th tp Evlut this it u th tchniqu prviousl dscribd Assum tht = L Finll, L L L Empl : Find Lt This is n indtrmint orm o th tp Thus, Empl : Find This is n indtrmint orm o th tp Lt = Thus, = Empl : Find This is n indtrmint orm o th tp Lt tn Thus, = 8
9 Prctic Sht or L Hospitl s Rul [ ]
10 7 rctn 8 t dt rctn rctn rc tn
11 Solution K or L Hospitl s Rul [ ] Lt Now, lt Thus, =
12 Lt 7 Lt Thus, it dos not ist
13 Lt Thus, Lt Nt, lt Thus,
14 = 8 rctn dt t Lt Thus rctn tn sc rc tn rctn Lt Lt
15 Thus, Lt Thus,
Integration Continued. Integration by Parts Solving Definite Integrals: Area Under a Curve Improper Integrals
Intgrtion Continud Intgrtion y Prts Solving Dinit Intgrls: Ar Undr Curv Impropr Intgrls Intgrtion y Prts Prticulrly usul whn you r trying to tk th intgrl o som unction tht is th product o n lgric prssion
More informationTOPIC 5: INTEGRATION
TOPIC 5: INTEGRATION. Th indfinit intgrl In mny rspcts, th oprtion of intgrtion tht w r studying hr is th invrs oprtion of drivtion. Dfinition.. Th function F is n ntidrivtiv (or primitiv) of th function
More informationChapter 16. 1) is a particular point on the graph of the function. 1. y, where x y 1
Prctic qustions W now tht th prmtr p is dirctl rltd to th mplitud; thrfor, w cn find tht p. cos d [ sin ] sin sin Not: Evn though ou might not now how to find th prmtr in prt, it is lws dvisl to procd
More informationthis is called an indeterninateformof-oior.fi?afleleitns derivatives can now differentiable and give 0 on on open interval containing I agree to.
hl sidd r L Hospitl s Rul 11/7/18 Pronouncd Loh mtims splld Non p t mtims w wnt vlut limit ii m itn ) but irst indtrnintmori?lltns indtrmint t inn gl in which cs th clld n i 9kt ti not ncssrily snsign
More informationINTEGRALS. Chapter 7. d dx. 7.1 Overview Let d dx F (x) = f (x). Then, we write f ( x)
Chptr 7 INTEGRALS 7. Ovrviw 7.. Lt d d F () f (). Thn, w writ f ( ) d F () + C. Ths intgrls r clld indfinit intgrls or gnrl intgrls, C is clld constnt of intgrtion. All ths intgrls diffr y constnt. 7..
More informationCycles and Simple Cycles. Paths and Simple Paths. Trees. Problem: There is No Completely Standard Terminology!
Outlin Computr Sin 331, Spnnin, n Surphs Mik Joson Dprtmnt o Computr Sin Univrsity o Clry Ltur #30 1 Introution 2 3 Dinition 4 Spnnin 5 6 Mik Joson (Univrsity o Clry) Computr Sin 331 Ltur #30 1 / 20 Mik
More informationMathematics. Mathematics 3. hsn.uk.net. Higher HSN23000
Highr Mthmtics UNIT Mthmtics HSN000 This documnt ws producd spcilly for th HSN.uk.nt wbsit, nd w rquir tht ny copis or drivtiv works ttribut th work to Highr Still Nots. For mor dtils bout th copyright
More informationCONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY
MCD CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY NCERT Solvd mpls upto th sction 5 (Introduction) nd 5 (Continuity) : Empl : Chck th continuity of th function f givn by f() = + t = Empl : Emin whthr th function f
More informationInstructions for Section 1
Instructions for Sction 1 Choos th rspons tht is corrct for th qustion. A corrct nswr scors 1, n incorrct nswr scors 0. Mrks will not b dductd for incorrct nswrs. You should ttmpt vry qustion. No mrks
More informationCIVL 8/ D Boundary Value Problems - Rectangular Elements 1/7
CIVL / -D Boundr Vlu Prolms - Rctngulr Elmnts / RECANGULAR ELEMENS - In som pplictions, it m mor dsirl to us n lmntl rprsnttion of th domin tht hs four sids, ithr rctngulr or qudriltrl in shp. Considr
More informationECE COMBINATIONAL BUILDING BLOCKS - INVEST 13 DECODERS AND ENCODERS
C 24 - COMBINATIONAL BUILDING BLOCKS - INVST 3 DCODS AND NCODS FALL 23 AP FLZ To o "wll" on this invstition you must not only t th riht nswrs ut must lso o nt, omplt n onis writups tht mk ovious wht h
More information, between the vertical lines x a and x b. Given a demand curve, having price as a function of quantity, p f (x) at height k is the curve f ( x,
Clculus for Businss nd Socil Scincs - Prof D Yun Finl Em Rviw vrsion 5/9/7 Chck wbsit for ny postd typos nd updts Pls rport ny typos This rviw sht contins summris of nw topics only (This rviw sht dos hv
More informationSection 11.6: Directional Derivatives and the Gradient Vector
Sction.6: Dirctional Drivativs and th Gradint Vctor Practic HW rom Stwart Ttbook not to hand in p. 778 # -4 p. 799 # 4-5 7 9 9 35 37 odd Th Dirctional Drivativ Rcall that a b Slop o th tangnt lin to th
More informationThis Week. Computer Graphics. Introduction. Introduction. Graphics Maths by Example. Graphics Maths by Example
This Wk Computr Grphics Vctors nd Oprtions Vctor Arithmtic Gomtric Concpts Points, Lins nd Plns Eploiting Dot Products CSC 470 Computr Grphics 1 CSC 470 Computr Grphics 2 Introduction Introduction Wh do
More information1 Introduction to Modulo 7 Arithmetic
1 Introution to Moulo 7 Arithmti Bor w try our hn t solvin som hr Moulr KnKns, lt s tk los look t on moulr rithmti, mo 7 rithmti. You ll s in this sminr tht rithmti moulo prim is quit irnt rom th ons w
More informationCOLLECTION OF SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS CALCULUS II
COLLECTION OF SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS I. CHAPTER 6 --- Trscdtl Fuctios CALCULUS II A. FROM CALCULUS BY J. STEWART:. ( How is th umbr dfid? ( Wht is pproimt vlu for? (c ) Sktch th grph of th turl potil fuctios.
More informationSection 3: Antiderivatives of Formulas
Chptr Th Intgrl Appli Clculus 96 Sction : Antirivtivs of Formuls Now w cn put th is of rs n ntirivtivs togthr to gt wy of vluting finit intgrls tht is ct n oftn sy. To vlut finit intgrl f(t) t, w cn fin
More informationLinear Algebra Existence of the determinant. Expansion according to a row.
Lir Algbr 2270 1 Existc of th dtrmit. Expsio ccordig to row. W dfi th dtrmit for 1 1 mtrics s dt([]) = (1) It is sy chck tht it stisfis D1)-D3). For y othr w dfi th dtrmit s follows. Assumig th dtrmit
More information2008 AP Calculus BC Multiple Choice Exam
008 AP Multipl Choic Eam Nam 008 AP Calculus BC Multipl Choic Eam Sction No Calculator Activ AP Calculus 008 BC Multipl Choic. At tim t 0, a particl moving in th -plan is th acclration vctor of th particl
More informationFloating Point Number System -(1.3)
Floting Point Numbr Sstm -(.3). Floting Point Numbr Sstm: Comutrs rrsnt rl numbrs in loting oint numbr sstm: F,k,m,M 0. 3... k ;0, 0 i, i,...,k, m M. Nottions: th bs 0, k th numbr o igts in th bs xnsion
More informationFloating Point Number System -(1.3)
Floting Point Numbr Sstm -(.3). Floting Point Numbr Sstm: Comutrs rrsnt rl numbrs in loting oint numbr sstm: F,k,m,M 0. 3... k ;0, 0 i, i,...,k, m M. Nottions: th bs 0, k th numbr o igits in th bs xnsion
More informationThe Derivative of the Natural Logarithmic Function. Derivative of the Natural Exponential Function. Let u be a differentiable function of x.
Th Ntrl Logrithmic n Eponntil Fnctions: : Diffrntition n Intgrtion Objctiv: Fin rivtivs of fnctions involving th ntrl logrithmic fnction. Th Drivtiv of th Ntrl Logrithmic Fnction Lt b iffrntibl fnction
More informationCh 1.2: Solutions of Some Differential Equations
Ch 1.2: Solutions of Som Diffrntil Equtions Rcll th fr fll nd owl/mic diffrntil qutions: v 9.8.2v, p.5 p 45 Ths qutions hv th gnrl form y' = y - b W cn us mthods of clculus to solv diffrntil qutions of
More informationS i m p l i f y i n g A l g e b r a SIMPLIFYING ALGEBRA.
S i m p l i y i n g A l g r SIMPLIFYING ALGEBRA www.mthltis.o.nz Simpliying SIMPLIFYING Algr ALGEBRA Algr is mthmtis with mor thn just numrs. Numrs hv ix vlu, ut lgr introus vrils whos vlus n hng. Ths
More informationPresent state Next state Q + M N
Qustion 1. An M-N lip-lop works s ollows: I MN=00, th nxt stt o th lip lop is 0. I MN=01, th nxt stt o th lip-lop is th sm s th prsnt stt I MN=10, th nxt stt o th lip-lop is th omplmnt o th prsnt stt I
More informationHIGHER ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Prof Enriqu Mtus Nivs PhD in Mthmtis Edution IGER ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS omognous linr qutions with onstnt offiints of ordr two highr Appl rdution mthod to dtrmin solution of th nonhomognous qution
More informationSOLVED EXAMPLES. Ex.1 If f(x) = , then. is equal to- Ex.5. f(x) equals - (A) 2 (B) 1/2 (C) 0 (D) 1 (A) 1 (B) 2. (D) Does not exist = [2(1 h)+1]= 3
SOLVED EXAMPLES E. If f() E.,,, th f() f() h h LHL RHL, so / / Lim f() quls - (D) Dos ot ist [( h)+] [(+h) + ] f(). LHL E. RHL h h h / h / h / h / h / h / h As.[C] (D) Dos ot ist LHL RHL, so giv it dos
More informationu x v x dx u x v x v x u x dx d u x v x u x v x dx u x v x dx Integration by Parts Formula
7. Intgration by Parts Each drivativ formula givs ris to a corrsponding intgral formula, as w v sn many tims. Th drivativ product rul yilds a vry usful intgration tchniqu calld intgration by parts. Starting
More informationWalk Like a Mathematician Learning Task:
Gori Dprtmnt of Euction Wlk Lik Mthmticin Lrnin Tsk: Mtrics llow us to prform mny usful mthmticl tsks which orinrily rquir lr numbr of computtions. Som typs of problms which cn b on fficintly with mtrics
More informationFirst derivative analysis
Robrto s Nots on Dirntial Calculus Chaptr 8: Graphical analysis Sction First drivativ analysis What you nd to know alrady: How to us drivativs to idntiy th critical valus o a unction and its trm points
More informationINTEGRATION BY PARTS
Mathmatics Rvision Guids Intgration by Parts Pag of 7 MK HOME TUITION Mathmatics Rvision Guids Lvl: AS / A Lvl AQA : C Edcl: C OCR: C OCR MEI: C INTEGRATION BY PARTS Vrsion : Dat: --5 Eampls - 6 ar copyrightd
More information10. Limits involving infinity
. Limits involving infinity It is known from th it ruls for fundamntal arithmtic oprations (+,-,, ) that if two functions hav finit its at a (finit or infinit) point, that is, thy ar convrgnt, th it of
More informationu r du = ur+1 r + 1 du = ln u + C u sin u du = cos u + C cos u du = sin u + C sec u tan u du = sec u + C e u du = e u + C
Tchniqus of Intgration c Donald Kridr and Dwight Lahr In this sction w ar going to introduc th first approachs to valuating an indfinit intgral whos intgrand dos not hav an immdiat antidrivativ. W bgin
More informationENGR 323 BHW 15 Van Bonn 1/7
ENGR 33 BHW 5 Van Bonn /7 4.4 In Eriss and 3 as wll as man othr situations on has th PDF o X and wishs th PDF o Yh. Assum that h is an invrtibl untion so that h an b solvd or to ild. Thn it an b shown
More informationSOLVED EXAMPLES. be the foci of an ellipse with eccentricity e. For any point P on the ellipse, prove that. tan
LOCUS 58 SOLVED EXAMPLES Empl Lt F n F th foci of n llips with ccntricit. For n point P on th llips, prov tht tn PF F tn PF F Assum th llips to, n lt P th point (, sin ). P(, sin ) F F F = (-, 0) F = (,
More informationSection 5.1/5.2: Areas and Distances the Definite Integral
Scto./.: Ars d Dstcs th Dt Itgrl Sgm Notto Prctc HW rom Stwrt Ttook ot to hd p. #,, 9 p. 6 #,, 9- odd, - odd Th sum o trms,,, s wrtt s, whr th d o summto Empl : Fd th sum. Soluto: Th Dt Itgrl Suppos w
More information(2) If we multiplied a row of B by λ, then the value is also multiplied by λ(here lambda could be 0). namely
. DETERMINANT.. Dtrminnt. Introution:I you think row vtor o mtrix s oorint o vtors in sp, thn th gomtri mning o th rnk o th mtrix is th imnsion o th prlllppi spnn y thm. But w r not only r out th imnsion,
More informationMulti-Section Coupled Line Couplers
/0/009 MultiSction Coupld Lin Couplrs /8 Multi-Sction Coupld Lin Couplrs W cn dd multipl coupld lins in sris to incrs couplr ndwidth. Figur 7.5 (p. 6) An N-sction coupld lin l W typiclly dsign th couplr
More informationA general N-dimensional vector consists of N values. They can be arranged as a column or a row and can be real or complex.
Lnr lgr Vctors gnrl -dmnsonl ctor conssts of lus h cn rrngd s column or row nd cn rl or compl Rcll -dmnsonl ctor cn rprsnt poston, loct, or cclrton Lt & k,, unt ctors long,, & rspctl nd lt k h th componnts
More informationLecture 11 Waves in Periodic Potentials Today: Questions you should be able to address after today s lecture:
Lctur 11 Wvs in Priodic Potntils Tody: 1. Invrs lttic dfinition in 1D.. rphicl rprsnttion of priodic nd -priodic functions using th -xis nd invrs lttic vctors. 3. Sris solutions to th priodic potntil Hmiltonin
More informationMASTER CLASS PROGRAM UNIT 4 SPECIALIST MATHEMATICS SEMESTER TWO 2014 WEEK 11 WRITTEN EXAMINATION 1 SOLUTIONS
MASTER CLASS PROGRAM UNIT SPECIALIST MATHEMATICS SEMESTER TWO WEEK WRITTEN EXAMINATION SOLUTIONS FOR ERRORS AND UPDATES, PLEASE VISIT WWW.TSFX.COM.AU/MC-UPDATES QUESTION () Lt p ( z) z z z If z i z ( is
More informationContinuous Random Variables: Basics
Continuous Rndom Vrils: Bsics Brlin Chn Dprtmnt o Computr Scinc & Inormtion Enginring Ntionl Tiwn Norml Univrsit Rrnc: - D.. Brtss, J. N. Tsitsilis, Introduction to roilit, Sctions 3.-3.3 Continuous Rndom
More informationSolution: APPM 1360 Final (150 pts) Spring (60 pts total) The following parts are not related, justify your answers:
APPM 6 Final 5 pts) Spring 4. 6 pts total) Th following parts ar not rlatd, justify your answrs: a) Considr th curv rprsntd by th paramtric quations, t and y t + for t. i) 6 pts) Writ down th corrsponding
More informationHow much air is required by the people in this lecture theatre during this lecture?
3 NTEGRATON tgrtio is us to swr qustios rltig to Ar Volum Totl qutity such s: Wht is th wig r of Boig 747? How much will this yr projct cost? How much wtr os this rsrvoir hol? How much ir is rquir y th
More informationIntegration by Parts
Intgration by Parts Intgration by parts is a tchniqu primarily for valuating intgrals whos intgrand is th product of two functions whr substitution dosn t work. For ampl, sin d or d. Th rul is: u ( ) v'(
More informationNEW APPLICATIONS OF THE ABEL-LIOUVILLE FORMULA
NE APPLICATIONS OF THE ABEL-LIOUVILLE FORMULA Mirca I CÎRNU Ph Dp o Mathmatics III Faculty o Applid Scincs Univrsity Polithnica o Bucharst Cirnumirca @yahoocom Abstract In a rcnt papr [] 5 th indinit intgrals
More informationErrata for Second Edition, First Printing
Errt for Scond Edition, First Printing pg 68, lin 1: z=.67 should b z=.44 pg 71: Eqution (.3) should rd B( R) = θ R 1 x= [1 G( x)] pg 1: Eqution (.63) should rd B( R) = x= R = θ ( x R) p( x) R 1 x= [1
More informationPH427/PH527: Periodic systems Spring Overview of the PH427 website (syllabus, assignments etc.) 2. Coupled oscillations.
Dy : Mondy 5 inuts. Ovrviw of th PH47 wsit (syllus, ssignnts tc.). Coupld oscilltions W gin with sss coupld y Hook's Lw springs nd find th possil longitudinl) otion of such syst. W ll xtnd this to finit
More informationDifferentiation of Exponential Functions
Calculus Modul C Diffrntiation of Eponntial Functions Copyright This publication Th Northrn Albrta Institut of Tchnology 007. All Rights Rsrvd. LAST REVISED March, 009 Introduction to Diffrntiation of
More informationChapter 5. Introduction. Introduction. Introduction. Finite Element Modelling. Finite Element Modelling
Chaptr 5 wo-dimnsional problms using Constant Strain riangls (CS) Lctur Nots Dr Mohd Andi Univrsiti Malasia Prlis EN7 Finit Elmnt Analsis Introction wo-dimnsional init lmnt ormulation ollows th stps usd
More informationASSERTION AND REASON
ASSERTION AND REASON Som qustios (Assrtio Rso typ) r giv low. Ech qustio cotis Sttmt (Assrtio) d Sttmt (Rso). Ech qustio hs choics (A), (B), (C) d (D) out of which ONLY ONE is corrct. So slct th corrct
More informationErrata for Second Edition, First Printing
Errt for Scond Edition, First Printing pg 68, lin 1: z=.67 should b z=.44 pg 1: Eqution (.63) should rd B( R) = x= R = θ ( x R) p( x) R 1 x= [1 G( x)] = θp( R) + ( θ R)[1 G( R)] pg 15, problm 6: dmnd of
More information4 x 4, and. where x is Town Square
Accumulation and Population Dnsity E. A city locatd along a straight highway has a population whos dnsity can b approimatd by th function p 5 4 th distanc from th town squar, masurd in mils, whr 4 4, and
More information# 1 ' 10 ' 100. Decimal point = 4 hundred. = 6 tens (or sixty) = 5 ones (or five) = 2 tenths. = 7 hundredths.
How os it work? Pl vlu o imls rprsnt prts o whol numr or ojt # 0 000 Tns o thousns # 000 # 00 Thousns Hunrs Tns Ons # 0 Diml point st iml pl: ' 0 # 0 on tnth n iml pl: ' 0 # 00 on hunrth r iml pl: ' 0
More informationa b c cat CAT A B C Aa Bb Cc cat cat Lesson 1 (Part 1) Verbal lesson: Capital Letters Make The Same Sound Lesson 1 (Part 1) continued...
Progrssiv Printing T.M. CPITLS g 4½+ Th sy, fun (n FR!) wy to tch cpitl lttrs. ook : C o - For Kinrgrtn or First Gr (not for pr-school). - Tchs tht cpitl lttrs mk th sm souns s th littl lttrs. - Tchs th
More informationPartial Derivatives: Suppose that z = f(x, y) is a function of two variables.
Chaptr Functions o Two Variabls Applid Calculus 61 Sction : Calculus o Functions o Two Variabls Now that ou hav som amiliarit with unctions o two variabls it s tim to start appling calculus to hlp us solv
More informationFundamental Theorem of Calculus
Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus Recll tht if f is nonnegtive nd continuous on [, ], then the re under its grph etween nd is the definite integrl A= f() d Now, for in the intervl [, ], let A() e the re under
More informationNote If the candidate believes that e x = 0 solves to x = 0 or gives an extra solution of x = 0, then withhold the final accuracy mark.
. (a) Eithr y = or ( 0, ) (b) Whn =, y = ( 0 + ) = 0 = 0 ( + ) = 0 ( )( ) = 0 Eithr = (for possibly abov) or = A 3. Not If th candidat blivs that = 0 solvs to = 0 or givs an tra solution of = 0, thn withhold
More informationa b ixā + y b ixb + ay
Albrai Topoloy: Solution St #5 1) Lt G,, and x X. Baus X is Hausdor and x φ (x), thr ar opn nihborhoods U x o x and U φ(x) o φ (x) whih ar disjoint. Thn V,x : U x φ 1 (U φ(x)), is also an opn nihborhood
More informationCalculus concepts derivatives
All rasonabl fforts hav bn mad to mak sur th nots ar accurat. Th author cannot b hld rsponsibl for any damags arising from th us of ths nots in any fashion. Calculus concpts drivativs Concpts involving
More information1 1 1 p q p q. 2ln x x. in simplest form. in simplest form in terms of x and h.
NAME SUMMER ASSIGNMENT DUE SEPTEMBER 5 (FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL) AP CALC AB Dirctions: Answr all of th following qustions on a sparat sht of papr. All work must b shown. You will b tstd on this matrial somtim
More informationCONIC SECTIONS. MODULE-IV Co-ordinate Geometry OBJECTIVES. Conic Sections
Conic Sctions 16 MODULE-IV Co-ordint CONIC SECTIONS Whil cutting crrot ou might hv noticd diffrnt shps shown th dgs of th cut. Anlticll ou m cut it in thr diffrnt ws, nml (i) (ii) (iii) Cut is prlll to
More informationIntegration by Guessing
Itgrtio y Gussig Th computtios i two stdrd itgrtio tchiqus, Sustitutio d Itgrtio y Prts, c strmlid y th Itgrtio y Gussig pproch. This mthod cosists of thr stps: Guss, Diffrtit to chck th guss, d th Adjust
More informationQ.28 Q.29 Q.30. Q.31 Evaluate: ( log x ) Q.32 Evaluate: ( ) Q.33. Q.34 Evaluate: Q.35 Q.36 Q.37 Q.38 Q.39 Q.40 Q.41 Q.42. Q.43 Evaluate : ( x 2) Q.
LASS XII Q Evlut : Q sc Evlut c Q Evlut: ( ) Q Evlut: Q5 α Evlut: α Q Evlut: Q7 Evlut: { t (t sc )} / Q8 Evlut : ( )( ) Q9 Evlut: Q0 Evlut: Q Evlut : ( ) ( ) Q Evlut : / ( ) Q Evlut: / ( ) Q Evlut : )
More information, each of which is a tree, and whose roots r 1. , respectively, are children of r. Data Structures & File Management
nrl tr T is init st o on or mor nos suh tht thr is on sint no r, ll th root o T, n th rminin nos r prtition into n isjoint susts T, T,, T n, h o whih is tr, n whos roots r, r,, r n, rsptivly, r hilrn o
More informationDifferential Equations
Prfac Hr ar m onlin nots for m diffrntial quations cours that I tach hr at Lamar Univrsit. Dspit th fact that ths ar m class nots, th should b accssibl to anon wanting to larn how to solv diffrntial quations
More informationCalculus Revision A2 Level
alculus Rvision A Lvl Tabl of drivativs a n sin cos tan d an sc n cos sin Fro AS * NB sc cos sc cos hain rul othrwis known as th function of a function or coposit rul. d d Eapl (i) (ii) Obtain th drivativ
More informationFundamental Algorithms for System Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization
Fundmntl Algorithms for Sstm Modling, Anlsis, nd Optimiztion Edwrd A. L, Jijt Rohowdhur, Snjit A. Sshi UC Brkl EECS 144/244 Fll 2011 Copright 2010-11, E. A. L, J. Rohowdhur, S. A. Sshi, All rights rsrvd
More informationENGI 3424 Engineering Mathematics Five Tutorial Examples of Partial Fractions
ENGI 44 Engineering Mthemtics Five Tutoril Exmples o Prtil Frctions 1. Express x in prtil rctions: x 4 x 4 x 4 b x x x x Both denomintors re liner non-repeted ctors. The cover-up rule my be used: 4 4 4
More information5. B To determine all the holes and asymptotes of the equation: y = bdc dced f gbd
1. First you chck th domain of g x. For this function, x cannot qual zro. Thn w find th D domain of f g x D 3; D 3 0; x Q x x 1 3, x 0 2. Any cosin graph is going to b symmtric with th y-axis as long as
More informationMor Tutorial at www.dumblittldoctor.com Work th problms without a calculator, but us a calculator to chck rsults. And try diffrntiating your answrs in part III as a usful chck. I. Applications of Intgration
More informationterms of discrete sequences can only take values that are discrete as opposed to
Diol Bgyoko () OWER SERIES Diitio Sris lik ( ) r th sm o th trms o discrt sqc. Th trms o discrt sqcs c oly tk vls tht r discrt s opposd to cotios, i.., trms tht r sch tht th mric vls o two cosctivs os
More informationCalculus II (MAC )
Calculus II (MAC232-2) Tst 2 (25/6/25) Nam (PRINT): Plas show your work. An answr with no work rcivs no crdit. You may us th back of a pag if you nd mor spac for a problm. You may not us any calculators.
More information6.1 Integration by Parts and Present Value. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
6.1 Intgration by Parts and Prsnt Valu Copyright Cngag Larning. All rights rsrvd. Warm-Up: Find f () 1. F() = ln(+1). F() = 3 3. F() =. F() = ln ( 1) 5. F() = 6. F() = - Objctivs, Day #1 Studnts will b
More informationSec 2.3 Modeling with First Order Equations
Sc.3 Modling with First Ordr Equations Mathmatical modls charactriz physical systms, oftn using diffrntial quations. Modl Construction: Translating physical situation into mathmatical trms. Clarly stat
More informationPROBLEM SET Problem 1.
PROLEM SET 1 PROFESSOR PETER JOHNSTONE 1. Problm 1. 1.1. Th catgory Mat L. OK, I m not amiliar with th trminology o partially orr sts, so lt s go ovr that irst. Dinition 1.1. partial orr is a binary rlation
More informationLecture 12 Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) WS2010/11: Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics
Lctur Quntum chromodynmics (QCD) WS/: Introduction to Nuclr nd Prticl Physics QCD Quntum chromodynmics (QCD) is thory of th strong intrction - bsd on color forc, fundmntl forc dscribing th intrctions of
More informationCS 491 G Combinatorial Optimization
CS 49 G Cobinatorial Optiization Lctur Nots Junhui Jia. Maiu Flow Probls Now lt us iscuss or tails on aiu low probls. Thor. A asibl low is aiu i an only i thr is no -augnting path. Proo: Lt P = A asibl
More informationBasic Polyhedral theory
Basic Polyhdral thory Th st P = { A b} is calld a polyhdron. Lmma 1. Eithr th systm A = b, b 0, 0 has a solution or thr is a vctorπ such that π A 0, πb < 0 Thr cass, if solution in top row dos not ist
More informationThe Matrix Exponential
Th Matrix Exponntial (with xrciss) by Dan Klain Vrsion 28928 Corrctions and commnts ar wlcom Th Matrix Exponntial For ach n n complx matrix A, dfin th xponntial of A to b th matrix () A A k I + A + k!
More informationb. How many ternary words of length 23 with eight 0 s, nine 1 s and six 2 s?
MATH 3012 Finl Exm, My 4, 2006, WTT Stunt Nm n ID Numr 1. All our prts o this prolm r onrn with trnry strings o lngth n, i.., wors o lngth n with lttrs rom th lpht {0, 1, 2}.. How mny trnry wors o lngth
More informationLecture 4. Conic section
Lctur 4 Conic sction Conic sctions r locus of points whr distncs from fixd point nd fixd lin r in constnt rtio. Conic sctions in D r curvs which r locus of points whor position vctor r stisfis r r. whr
More informationdx equation it is called a second order differential equation.
TOPI Diffrntial quations Mthods of thir intgration oncption of diffrntial quations An quation which spcifis a rlationship btwn a function, its argumnt and its drivativs of th first, scond, tc ordr is calld
More information1997 AP Calculus AB: Section I, Part A
997 AP Calculus AB: Sction I, Part A 50 Minuts No Calculator Not: Unlss othrwis spcifid, th domain of a function f is assumd to b th st of all ral numbrs for which f () is a ral numbr.. (4 6 ) d= 4 6 6
More informationSystems of Equations
CHAPTER 4 Sstms of Equations 4. Solving Sstms of Linar Equations in Two Variabls 4. Solving Sstms of Linar Equations in Thr Variabls 4. Sstms of Linar Equations and Problm Solving Intgratd Rviw Sstms of
More informationExam 1 Solution. CS 542 Advanced Data Structures and Algorithms 2/14/2013
CS Avn Dt Struturs n Algorithms Exm Solution Jon Turnr //. ( points) Suppos you r givn grph G=(V,E) with g wights w() n minimum spnning tr T o G. Now, suppos nw g {u,v} is to G. Dsri (in wors) mtho or
More informationME 321 Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines S. Lambert Winter 2002
3.4 Forc Analysis of Linkas An undrstandin of forc analysis of linkas is rquird to: Dtrmin th raction forcs on pins, tc. as a consqunc of a spcifid motion (don t undrstimat th sinificanc of dynamic or
More informationExponential Functions
Eponntial Functions Dinition: An Eponntial Function is an unction tat as t orm a, wr a > 0. T numbr a is calld t bas. Eampl: Lt i.. at intgrs. It is clar wat t unction mans or som valus o. 0 0,,, 8,,.,.
More informationOutline. 1 Introduction. 2 Min-Cost Spanning Trees. 4 Example
Outlin Computr Sin 33 Computtion o Minimum-Cost Spnnin Trs Prim's Alorithm Introution Mik Joson Dprtmnt o Computr Sin Univrsity o Clry Ltur #33 3 Alorithm Gnrl Constrution Mik Joson (Univrsity o Clry)
More informationDesigning A Concrete Arch Bridge
This is th mous Shwnh ri in Switzrln, sin y Rort Millrt in 1933. It spns 37.4 mtrs (122 t) n ws sin usin th sm rphil mths tht will monstrt in this lsson. To pro with this lsson, lik on th Nxt utton hr
More informationA. Limits and Horizontal Asymptotes ( ) f x f x. f x. x "±# ( ).
A. Limits and Horizontal Asymptots What you ar finding: You can b askd to find lim x "a H.A.) problm is asking you find lim x "# and lim x "$#. or lim x "±#. Typically, a horizontal asymptot algbraically,
More informationELEG 413 Lecture #6. Mark Mirotznik, Ph.D. Professor The University of Delaware
LG 43 Lctur #6 Mrk Mirtnik, Ph.D. Prfssr Th Univrsity f Dlwr mil: mirtni@c.udl.du Wv Prpgtin nd Plritin TM: Trnsvrs lctrmgntic Wvs A md is prticulr fild cnfigurtin. Fr givn lctrmgntic bundry vlu prblm,
More informationChapter 3 Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals
Chptr Fourir Sris Rprsttio of Priodic Sigls If ritrry sigl x(t or x[] is xprssd s lir comitio of som sic sigls th rspos of LI systm coms th sum of th idividul rsposs of thos sic sigls Such sic sigl must:
More informationThe Theory of Small Reflections
Jim Stils Th Univ. of Knss Dt. of EECS 4//9 Th Thory of Smll Rflctions /9 Th Thory of Smll Rflctions Rcll tht w nlyzd qurtr-wv trnsformr usg th multil rflction viw ot. V ( z) = + β ( z + ) V ( z) = = R
More informationAPPLICATIONS OF THE LAPLACE-MELLIN INTEGRAL TRANSFORM TO DIFFERNTIAL EQUATIONS
Intrntionl Journl o Sintii nd Rrh Publition Volum, Iu 5, M ISSN 5-353 APPLICATIONS OF THE LAPLACE-MELLIN INTEGRAL TRANSFORM TO DIFFERNTIAL EQUATIONS S.M.Khirnr, R.M.Pi*, J.N.Slun** Dprtmnt o Mthmti Mhrhtr
More informationThe Matrix Exponential
Th Matrix Exponntial (with xrciss) by D. Klain Vrsion 207.0.05 Corrctions and commnts ar wlcom. Th Matrix Exponntial For ach n n complx matrix A, dfin th xponntial of A to b th matrix A A k I + A + k!
More informationPipe flow friction, small vs. big pipes
Friction actor (t/0 t o pip) Friction small vs larg pips J. Chaurtt May 016 It is an intrsting act that riction is highr in small pips than largr pips or th sam vlocity o low and th sam lngth. Friction
More informationEXST Regression Techniques Page 1
EXST704 - Rgrssion Tchniqus Pag 1 Masurmnt rrors in X W hav assumd that all variation is in Y. Masurmnt rror in this variabl will not ffct th rsults, as long as thy ar uncorrlatd and unbiasd, sinc thy
More informationFunction Spaces. a x 3. (Letting x = 1 =)) a(0) + b + c (1) = 0. Row reducing the matrix. b 1. e 4 3. e 9. >: (x = 1 =)) a(0) + b + c (1) = 0
unction Spacs Prrquisit: Sction 4.7, Coordinatization n this sction, w apply th tchniqus of Chaptr 4 to vctor spacs whos lmnts ar functions. Th vctor spacs P n and P ar familiar xampls of such spacs. Othr
More informationCondensed. Mathematics. General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination January Unit Pure Core 3. Time allowed * 1 hour 30 minutes
Gnral Crtificat of Education Advancd Lvl Eamination January 0 Mathmatics MPC Unit Pur Cor Friday 0 January 0.0 pm to.00 pm For this papr you must hav: th blu AQA booklt of formula and statistical tabls.
More information