1 These are living cells that lack nuclei and ribosomes; they transport sugars and other organic nutrients

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1 1 These are living cells that lack nuclei and ribosomes; they transport sugars and other organic nutrients collenchyma parenchyma sclerenchyma sieve cells tracheids 2 The fiber cells of plants are a type of sclerenchyma parenchyma collenchyma meristemic cell phloem 3 One important di!erence between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that the cells of roots have cell walls and leaf cells do not a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots only leaves have phloem and only roots have xylem vascular tissue is found in roots but is absent from leaves leaves have epidermal tissue but roots do not 4 Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called xylem cells hairs stomata sclereids phloem cells 5 s a youngster, you drive a nail halfway in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 meters high. Fifteen years later, you return and discover the tree has grown to a height of 30 meters. The nail is now meters above the ground /16/10 3:17:15 PM Page 1 of 5

2 6 Root hairs are most important to a plant because they provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria contain xylem tissue store starches anchor a plant in the soil increase surface area for absorption 7 Transpiration in plants requires all of the following XPT adhesion of water molecules to cellulose active transport through xylem cells cohesion between water molecules evaporation of water molecules transport through tracheids 8 Ignoring all other factors, what kind of day would result in the fastest delivery of water and minerals to the leaves of a tree? warm, dry day cool, dry day warm, humid day cool, humid day very hot, dry, windy day 9 soil well suited for the growth of most plants would have all of the following properties XPT abundant humus air spaces good drainage high cation exchange capacity a high ph 10 farming commitment that embraces a variety of methods that are conservation-minded, environmentally safe, and profitable is called sustainable agriculture hydroponics nitrogen fixation responsible irrigation genetic engineering 3/16/10 3:17:15 PM Page 2 of 5

3 11 Why does overwatering a plant kill it? Water will attract parasites The roots cannot get air Water neutralizes the ph of the soil Water does not have all the necessary minerals a plant needs to grow Water will form hydrogen bonds with the root of the cell wall 12 What is the mutualistic association between roots and fungi called? nitrogen fixation root hair enhancement parasitism mycorrhizae Rhizobium infection 13 ll of the following floral parts are directly involved in pollination or fertization XPT the stigma anther style carpel sepal 14 ll of the following are primary functions of flowers XPT sexual reproduction egg production photosynthesis pollen production meiosis 15 In flowering plants, pollen is released from the pollen tube filament carpel stigma anther 16 Fruits develop from 3/16/10 3:17:15 PM Page 3 of 5

4 ovaries ovules fertilized eggs receptacles microsporangia 17 Plants growing in a partially dark environment will grow toward light in a response called phototropism. hoose the INORRT statement regarding photoropism. uxin causes a growth increase on one side of the stem uxin causes a decrease in growth on the side of the stem exposed to light Removing the apical meristem prevents phototropism One chemical involved is auxin It is caused by a chemical signal 18 In attempting to make a seed break dormancy, one logically could treat it with I 2, 4- arbon ioxide abscisic acid gibberellins 19 If you were shipping green bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away, which of the following chemicals would you want to eliminate from the plants' environment? auxin cytokinins arbon ioxide ethylene gibberellic acids 20 disadvantage of monoculture is that genetic uniformity makes a crop vulnerable to a new pest or disease it predominantly uses vegetative propagation most grain crops self-pollinate it allows for the cultivation of large areas of land the whole crop ripens at one time 3/16/10 3:17:15 PM Page 4 of 5

5 nswer Key: Plant Unit Review Question Key /16/10 3:17:15 PM Page 5 of 5

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