Entomology Review or What s that Bug? Lady Beetle larvae
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1 Entomology Review or What s that Bug? Lady Beetle larvae
2 pillbugs (crustaceans) spiders, ticks, and Not all bugs are insects. snails (molluscs) spiders (arachnids) centipedes (chilopods) mites (arachnids) millipedes (diplopods)
3 Remember this? Phylum: Arthropoda Arthropoda Class: Insecta Arachnida Order: Diptera Araneae Family: Muscidae Theridiidae Genus: Musca Latrodectus Species: domestica hesperus Common name: house fly black widow
4 Arachnids: spiders, ticks, scorpions, mites two main body regions - cephalothorax (head and thorax fused together) abdomen four pairs of jointed legs simple eyes no antennae no wings
5 Arachnids Spiders and their Kin Spiders Ticks Scorpions Mites Spiders are mostly beneficial
6 Insect Characteristics Three Distinct Body Regions: Head, Thorax, Abdomen Antennae - One Pair Jointed Legs - Three Pairs Wings - None, One or Two Pairs Undergoes Metamorphosis
7 piercing-sucking mouthparts chewing mouthparts siphoning
8 Common Insect Orders Orthoptera - crickets, grasshoppers Hemiptera - true bugs Homoptera - aphids, scale, hoppers Lepidoptera - butterflies, moths Coleoptera - beetles, weevils Diptera - flies, mosquitoes Hymenoptera - bees, ants Characterized by: Mouthparts Type of legs, wings, antenna Metamorphosis
9 ORTHOPTERA - grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, mantids, cockroaches Gradual metamorphosis, chewing mouth parts Moderate to large, hard-bodied adults with two pairs of wings. Front wings are hard, leathery Nymphs resemble adults, except for being wingless. Both adults & nymphs cause damage.
10 HEMIPTERA - true bugs Recognized by triangle on back Gradual metamorphosis, Piercing-sucking mouthparts in nymphs (immatures) and adults Harlequin Bug
11 HOMOPTERA -aphids, scales, leafhoppers, cicadas, whiteflies, mealybugs Gradual metamorphosis, piercingsucking mouthparts in nymphs (immatures) and adults Small, soft-bodied insects, except for cicadas Aphids
12 HOMOPTERA Mealybugs are considered a type of scale. They are oval, segmented, and covered with wax. Scales may be small, round or footballshaped, and armored (California red scale) or soft-bodied (cottony cushion scale).
13 HOMOPTERA -aphids, scales, leafhoppers, cicadas, whiteflies, mealybugs Whitefles are tiny sap-suckers found in vegetables, ornamentals, and citrus trees. Leafhoppers feed on undersides of leaves, transmit virus diseases. Hosts are: beans, cucurbits, potatoes, eggplants, grapes, and apples
14 Butterflies & Moths: Lepidoptera Complete metamorphosis Larva are caterpillars 4 wings, often showy Adults are nectar feeders
15 Moth Moth vs. Butterfly Antennae are feathery or wiry Wings at rest out-stretched, folded or angled Day & night Butterfly Antennae end in a club Wings at rest out-stretched or held vertically Day-time only
16 LEPIDOPTERA - butterflies, moths Complete metamorphosis Mouthparts Larvae - chewing Adults - siphoning Adults are soft-bodied with two pairs of membranous wings covered with small scales. Larvae are worm-like, voracious feeders with prolegs on abdomen and thorax.
17 LEPIDOPTERA - butterflies, moths Leaf-eating caterpillars (tomato hornworm, armyworms, loopers) chew irregular holes. Many small caterpillars roll leaves to form shelters.
18 Beetles = Coleoptera More Beetle species than all other animals Hard shelled forewing Vegetarians, predators, scavengers & parasites
19 COLEOPTERA - beetles, weevils Complete metamorphosis Chewing Mouthparts (adults and larva) Larvae (grubs, wireworms, borers) have head capsule
20 COLEOPTERA - beetles, weevils Adults have two pairs of wings. Horny, leathery front wings (elytra) cover membranous hind wings underneath, used for flying.
21 COLEOPTERA - beetles, weevils Lady beetles (ladybugs) are beneficials Flea beetles, wireworms (click beetle larvae), cucumber beetles, vegetable weevils, and green fruit beetles are common pests in California home vegetable gardens
22 Flies & Mosquitoes - Diptera Only 2 wings (1 pair) Mouth parts adapted for sucking or piercing & sucking Complete metamorphsis
23 DIPTERA - flies, mosquitoes, gnats, midges Important garden and agricultural pests include the cabbage maggot, onion maggot, apple maggot, walnut husk fly, fruit flies, and leafminers apple maggot onion maggot walnut husk fly cabbage maggot
24 Hymenoptera: Ants, Wasps, Bees, Sawflies Narrow waists Chewing mouthparts Complete metamorphosis Can have up to 2 pairs of membranous wings
25 HYMENOPTERA - bees, wasps, ants, sawflies Many species are beneficial, are parasites, natural enemies or biological control agents of many pest insects
26 HYMENOPTERA - bees, wasps, ants, sawflies Pear sawfly larvae Leafcutter wasp Rose sawfly damage Raspberry horntail
27 WHAT IF YOU DON T SEE A BUG?
28 Symptoms or signs of insect attack: Chewed foliage or fruit
29 Symptoms or signs of insect attack: bleached, stippled or mined leaves Grape leafhopper
30 Symptoms or signs of insect attack: distortion (swelling, twisting, cupping) of plant parts
31 Symptoms or signs of insect attack: Dieback of twigs, stems or plant Peach tree borer
32 Symptoms or signs of insect attack: presence of insect-related debris frass sooty mold
33 So What s that Bug?
34 Red-humped caterpillar
35 Bark Beetle
36 Spider mites not visible to the naked eye, look for webbing, suck juices from plants
37 Stink bugs attack stone fruits, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes. They give off an offensive odor when disturbed.
38 Centipede: not an insect, but a general predator of insects
39 Curled, distorted leaves and sticky honeydew exudates on leaves are strong signs of aphid infestation.
40 Tomato Hornworm: voracious muncher of leaves
41 Lygus bugs attack beans, strawberries and orchard crops.
42 Assassin Bug: eats beetles, caterpillars, hornworms & other insects
43 Syrphid fly larvae are important predators of aphids & scales
44 Earwig, chews flowers & fruit, can also be beneficial predator by eating insects & larvae
45 Walnut Husk Fly: 2 wings, compound eyes
46 Codling Moth: larvae are worm in the center of apples & pears, look for stings, remove overwintering pupae
47 Lacewing: good bug, preys on aphids and whiteflies
48 Cucumber beetle: bad bug, eats crops & foliage
49 Scales: suck plant juices under their covering
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