Is it possible to see atoms?

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2 Is it possible to see atoms? No How do we know about them? Through experiments

3 What is the relationship between atoms and molecules? Atoms make up molecules

4 Diagram the particles in each of the states of matter.

5 What are the two limitations to using models to represent atoms? The electrons are really far away from the nucleus The electrons don t move in circles

6 Why has our knowledge of the structure of the atom changed over time? We ve done more experiments with better technology How long has it taken to develop our current model of the atom? Hundreds or thousands of years Is our model exactly like what the atom is really like? No

7 What is the volume of this rectangle? 20 x 3 x 6 = 360 cm 3 The density is 180/360 = 0.5 g/cm 3 It will float because it is less dense than water

8 Which is more dense? The rubbing alcohol because it is on the bottom

9 Volume = = 30 cm 3 The density is 120/30 = 4 g/cm 3

10 What would happen to the density if you increased the mass of the rock in question 8? It would increase (it would be more dense) What would happen to the density if you increased the volume? It would decrease

11 What evidence is there that particles of matter are constantly moving? Food coloring spreads out in water Air freshener molecules spread out in a room

12 What happens to the movement of particles of matter when they are heated? They speed up What happens to the volume of particles when they are heated? It increases it spread out more

13 What happens to the sidewalks on a hot summer day? They expand the cracks would get smaller

14 If a balloon drops to the ground when released, what does that tell you about its density? It is more dense than the air What if it rises? It is less dense than the air

15 You measure the mass of 100 ml of water to be 100g. What is the density of water? 1 g/ml

16 You measure the mass of 100 ml of air to be 1 g. What is the density of air? 0.01 g/ml

17 A bottle containing sand, silt, clay, and water is shaken up. Draw what the bottle would look like after the shaking stops. Which particles will be suspended? The silt and clay

18 Where would you expect to find sand deposits on a curve in a river? On the inside Why? Because that is where the water moves slowest

19 Draw a model of the earth with each layer labeled.

20 Cell Wall supports and protects the cell Cell membrane allows stuff in and out of the cell Nucleus contains information for building things in the cell Chloroplast makes food in plant cells Cytoplasm it is a thick substance that everything is floating in

21 If you observed a human cell and a cell from a plant, what two differences would you see? The plant cells would have a cell wall and chloroplasts

22 What is the process called that moves oxygen (or any molecule) in or out of the cell? Diffusion Which way will the oxygen move in this example? 100 oxygen molecules outside 50 oxygen molecules

23 What part of a cell produces energy from food? Mitochondria What part makes food? Chloroplasts

24 Put the levels of organization in order from most simple to most complex. Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organisms

25 What level of organization is represented by each of the following? Heart - organ Muscle - tissue Cactus - organism

26 Every cell needs oxygen and food to survive. We also need to get rid of waste. What three organ systems are most responsible for distributing food and oxygen to every cell in our body and then removing waste products? Respiratory obtains oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide Circulatory transports oxygen, food, and carbon dioxide Digestive breaks down food and sends it to the blood stream

27 What tissues and cells make up a heart? Nervous tissue, muscle tissue, blood tissue, nerve cells, muscle cells, red blood cells What organ system is a heart a part of? The circulatory system

28 Indicate whether the following are inherited traits or acquired traits. Eye color - Inherited Piano playing ability - Acquired Ability to read - Acquired Height - inherited Right handedness - Acquired

29 Sexual Asexual Number of parents 2 1 Variation in offspring A lot of variation Exactly the same Examples Most animals and plants Bacteria, yeast

30 What three things does an organism need to do to survive as a species? Get food Avoid predators Reproduce

31 How do these three traits help the organism survive? Body structure Help them get food or escape (ex: hollow bones help birds fly) Teeth structure Help them get food or escape (ex: A cow s flat teeth grind up grass) Coloration Hide from predators or prey, attract a mate

32 In what environment would white coloration be helpful to survival of an organism? In an environment with lots of snow In what environment would it not be helpful? In a green forest

33 What is mimicry? When one organism copies what another organism does to avoid predators or get food

34 What is hybridization? Mixing two different traits from two different parents

35 How do dairy farmers use breeding to increase milk production? They only allow cows that produce a lot of milk to reproduce so their offspring will produce a lot of milk.

36 Divide the following into two groups based on similarities. Then divide them into three groups based on different criteria.. Paper, rabbit, horse, plant, fried chicken, rock, water

37 Living Plant Horse Rabbit Non-living or once-living Paper Fried chicken Rock Water

38 Things that are plants or from plants Paper Plant Things that have never been living Water Rock Things that are animals Rabbit Horse Fried chicken

39 What is the difference between living, nonliving, and once living? Living has all 6 characteristics of living things Non-living has never been alive Once-living used to be alive

40 37. What kind of characteristics should be used to classify living things? Physical characteristics (not behaviors)

41 Kingdom Characteristics Examples Protista Leftover kingdom Amoeba, diatoms, brown algae Fungi Plantae Animalia Absorbs nutrients from surroundings Cell wall made of chitin Makes its own food Cell wall and chloroplasts Eats to get energy No cell wall Mushrooms, yeast Trees, flowering plants, mosses, green algae Reptiles, sponges, anemones, mammals, insects

42 39. Aristotle divided all living things into only two kingdoms. Why do we have more than two kingdoms now? We ve discovered new organisms that aren t plants or animals

43 40. How has technology helped us to classify organisms? It helps us to observe organisms more closely, especially microscopic organisms and looking at DNA

44 List 5 organisms that are NOT classified as plants or animals Mushrooms Yeast Bacteria Diatoms Amoebas Brown algae

45 List the levels of classification in order from most general to most specific. Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

46 Which level of classification has the most different kinds of organisms in it? Domain Which level has the least? Species