Types of Consumers. herbivores

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1

2 no energy = no life

3 Types of Consumers herbivores

4 herbivore us vegetation to swallow or devour

5 Types of Consumers herbivores the organisms that eat plants carnivores

6 carnivore us flesh to swallow or devour

7 Types of Consumers herbivores the organisms that eat plants carnivores the organisms that eat other animals omnivores

8 omnivore us all to swallow or devour

9 Types of Consumers herbivores the organisms that eat plants carnivores the organisms that eat other animals omnivores the organisms that eat both plants and animals

10 carnivore producer herbivore

11 food chain a diagram that shows the passing of materials and energy from one organism to another

12 Decomposer Organism an organism that breaks down dead organisms and returns this material to the soil bacteria and fungi

13 food web a method of illustrating the interrelationships between food chains

14

15

16 ecological pyramid illustrates energy relationships in food chains

17 carnivores herbivores producers

18 hawk carnivores 1 10 snake herbivores mouse 100 producers 1,000 units corn corn mouse snake hawk

19 biomass the dried mass of the living matter in a given area of the habitat

20 Problems with Ecological Pyramids omnivores

21 hawk snake snake mouse mouse grasshopper corn corn

22 Problems with Ecological Pyramids omnivores the eating habits of carnivores

23 polar bear polar bear seal fish fish plankton plankton

24 Problems with Ecological Pyramids omnivores the eating habits of carnivores the movement of organisms from one ecosystem to another

25 Relationships Between Organisms of the Same Species

26 Independent Organisms organisms that exist without the aid of other members of the same species examples: plants spiders bears

27 Mating for Life occurs when an animal stays with a reproductive partner until one of the pair dies examples: birds

28 Mating for Life occurs when an animal stays with a reproductive partner until one of the pair dies examples: birds fish beavers

29 Animal Societies a group of animals from the same species living together provide a means of defense

30 Animal Societies a group of animals from the same species living together provide a means of defense aid in securing food

31 Animal Societies a group of animals from the same species living together provide a means of defense aid in securing food provide instruction

32 Social Insects include ants, termites, wasps, and bees form colonies exhibit a division of labor

33 competition the struggle between organisms for an essential factor that is in short supply in the environment

34 Competition food water soil nutrients sunlight a mate

35 Competition a territory

36 Competition a territory dominance chickens pecking order wolves alpha male

37 Relationships Between Different Species competition occurs when two or more populations have the same requirements predator/prey relationships

38 predator an animal that feeds on other animals prey the animal a predator eats

39 Predator/Prey Relationships Predators are larger than prey. Predator/prey relationships keep populations within an ecosystem balanced.

40 lion zebra grass

41 Relationships Between Different Species competition predator/prey relationships parasite/host relationships

42 parasite an organism that obtains nourishment from and harms (but usually does not kill) another organism

43 host an organism that provides nourishment for and is harmed (but usually not killed) by another organism

44 Parasites are smaller than the host.

45 Almost every known living organism has parasites.

46 Parasites can live both inside and outside of a host.

47 Relationships Between Different Species commensalism mutualism

48 commensalism a relationship between two populations that benefits one and does not hurt or help the other

49 commensalism together table

50 Benefits of Commensalism food

51 scavenger an animal that eats dead animals that it did not kill itself

52 Benefits of Commensalism food housing

53 epiphyte upon plant

54 epiphyte a plant that grows on the outside of another plant but does not take nourishment from the plant on which it grows

55 mutualism a relationship between two populations that is beneficial to both

56 Obligatory Mutualism both organisms must live together or they will die examples termites and protozoans lichens

57 Nonobligatory Mutualism the organisms could survive on their own but benefit by living together examples ants and aphids cleaner fish

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