Master Gardeners. Plant Nomenclature. Developed by Steve Dubik. 1

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1 Master Gardeners Plant Nomenclature Developed by Steve Dubik 1

2 Plant classification Carl von Linne (a.k.a., Carlolus Linnaeus) ( ) Binomial system Hierarchical system 2

3 Common names Common names often regional in use Myrtle can be confusing and inaccurate True oaks - Quercus sp. Poison oak - Toxicodendron 3

4 Common names Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam water beech blue beech ironwood musclewood 4

5 Common names Nymphaea alba - European Water Lily 15 English common names 44 French 81 Dutch 105 German 5

6 Binomial System Before Linnean system was accepted Common carantion - Dianthus caryphyllus was Dianthus floribus solitaris squamis calycinis subovatis brevissimus corollis creantis 6

7 Hierarchical System Kingdom Division Class Order Family Genus Species (specific epithet) Variety or subspecies Forma (Form) Cultivar 7

8 What is a Family? An assemblage of genera that rather closely resemble each other in general appearance and technical characteristics Varies from a single genus to 100 or more Always end in - aceae Rosaceae Ulmaceae Aceraceae Not underlined or italicized 8

9 What is a genus? A group of species possessing fundamental traits in common but differing in other lesser characteristics Generic name is always capitalized The plural of genus is genera 9

10 What is a species? all of the same kind Members of a species have mutual fertility and that a species is reproductively isolated from other species. Often exceptions to this. - Thus, the struggle to define the species goes on. 10

11 Genetic Variation within a Species 11

12 What is a variety? A subdivision of species having distinct though often inconspicuous difference, and breeding true. 12

13 What is a form? A subdivision of a species which occurs occasionally in then wild, seldom breeds true, and does not develop a natural population. Example, Four leaf clover 13

14 What is a cultivar? A cultivated variety, produced by horticultural techniques. cuttings budding grafting micro-propagation (tissue culture) or the result of selective hybridization 14

15 Cornus florida Genus specific epithet (species) Species 15

16 Cornus florida var. rubra Genus specific epithet variety 16

17 Cornus florida var. rubra Cherokee Chief Cultivar Cornus florida var. rubra cv. Cherokee Chief Cultivar 17

18 Trademarks Unregistered trademark ex., Betula nigra Dura-Heat TM ( BNMTF ) A registered trademark is signified a in superscript. This means that the name was registered with The Office of Patent and Trademarks. ex., Ulmus pariviflora Alleé ( Emer II ) 18

19 19

20 Interspecific cross Abelia chinensis X Abelia uniflora Abelia x grandiflora the hybrid species 20

21 Intergeneric cross Cupressus macrocarpa X Chamaecyparis nootkatensis X Cupressocyparis leylandii the hybrid genus New name - Callitropsis nootkatensis 21

22 Naming of plants An indication where plant was found americana (America) korena (Korea) Named after people baileyi wilsoni fortunei 22

23 Naming of plants Name may refer to season vernalis (spring) praecox (very early) Description of the plant grandiflora (large flower) sempervirens (evergreen) 23

24 Life cycles Annual Summer annual Winter annual Horticultural annual (tulips) 24

25 Life cycles Biennial Foxglove, money plant, & wild carrot 25

26 Life cycles Perennial Herbaceous Black-eyed Susan, tulip & coneflower Semi-woody (subshrub) Butterflybush & chrysanthemum Woody perennial Oak, hickory, & pine 26

27 Leaf retention Deciduous Semi-deciduous (some oaks) Evergreen Semi-evergreen (Swampbay Magnolia) 27

28 U.S.D.A. Hardiness Zone Map Data collected over 13 years

29 USDA Hardiness Zones Zone 4 Zone 5-30 to -40 o F -20 to -10 o F PennState Zone 6-10 to 0 o F Westminster Zone 7 Zone 8 0 to 10 o F Washington D.C./ Rockville/ Fredrick 10 to 20 o F Ocean City Website for new Plant Hardiness Map 1/25/2017 Cold Hardiness

30 Newest Map 2012 Data from /25/2017 Cold Hardiness

31 USDA Hardiness Zones 31

32 USDA Hardiness Zones /25/2017 Cold Hardiness

33 Questions Developed by Steve Dubik /

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