Name: Date: Period: Forms a spore producing structure called an ascus Morals Truffles Yeast

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1 Name: Date: Period: Fungi and Plant Unit Review Worksheet Part I (KEY) Directions: Treat this like an assessment and answer as much as you can without ANY help. See how much you actually know by highlighting/starring what you don t (yes, you have to do this and I will be looking for it). Spend most your time reviewing what is highlighted/starred. Fungi 1. Fill in the chart: Fungi Categories Picture of Fungi Details/Description/Example Sac Forms a spore producing structure called an ascus Morals Truffles Yeast Reproductive Feature with Picture Acsi Bread Mold Club Fungi Forms a zygospore. From zygospore a spore producding structure called SPORANGIA will form. Mold on food and used to ferment certain foods. Involved in mycorrhizae. Forms a spore producing structure called basidia Club shaped Mushrooms Puffballs Shelf fungi Zygospore Basidia 2. Place the following steps of club fungi sexual reproduction in order from first step #1 to last step #5: 1 Haploid spores land on the ground 4 Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass of mycelium 2 Haploid mycelium from each spore grows underground 5 Haploid spores are created by meiosis from the fruiting body 3 The 2 mycelium fuse and grow together 3. In the figure right, label the lettered parts. A = Spores B = Fruiting Body C = Hyphae D = Mycelium

2 4. At one point scientists classified fungi as plants. Complete the diagram below by bulleting the similarities and differences of plants and fungi. Differences: Plants Similarities of Plants & Fungi Differences: Fungi Autotrophs Contain chloroplasts/chlorophyll Photosynthesize Have true roots, leaves, and stems. Cell walls are made out of cellulose Grow below and above ground Eukaryotes Some produce spores Non moving Heterotrophic Decomposers absorb food from environment Cell walls are made out of chitin Plant Evolution/Origin of Plants 5. Land plants evolved from green algae 6. List the similarities between land plants and their ancestor: a. Same type of chlorophyll b. Both store energy as starch c. Smiliar DNA sequences 7. In order to adapt to life on land, plants had to adapt and overcome challenges. Match the following adaptive structures with the appropriate function: Lignin Allows for taller growth by hardening the cell wall giving wood its strength. Cuticle Vascular system Allows for taller growth by transporting nutrients to all areas of the plant. Stomata Cuticle Pollen Retains moisture by opening and closing pores to exchange gasses like O 2, CO 2, and H 2 O vapor. Retains moisture by producing a waxy like outer coating. Allows for reproduction on dry land (carried by wind or animals). Stomata Vascular system Lignin Seeds Pollen Seeds Allows for reproduction on dry land by supplying the plant embryo with a food source, and by supplying a touch outer coating to protect the embryo.

3 8. List 3 adaptations plants have that defend themselves from herbivores: a. Spines b. Thorns c. Chemicals d. What type of evolution are these interactions? Co evolutionary interactions/evolutionary arms race 9. Plants that are seeded rely on pollination by animals and wind, not water, for reproduction. 10. Explain an example of a mutualistic relationship between plants and another organism (you can use words, draw a picture, or both). Plants provide living space on their roots and sugars for bacteria, and bacteria help plant get nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. Plants provide food for organisms and organisms aid in pollination. Classification of Plants 11. Fill in the following table: Plant Category Examples of plants Defining characteristics Dominant Phase? Seedless, nonvascular Mosses Liverworts Hornworts No seeds, no vascular system, grows low to ground, needs water to reproduce, no true leaves Gametophyte Seedless, vascular Ferns Horsetails Club mosses No seeds, vascular system, grows off the ground, needs water to reproduce Sporophyte

4 Plant life cycles 12. Fill in (label) the alternation of generations diagram below: b. Zygote a. Sporophyte d. Fertilization c. Sporophyte e. Gametophyte f. Meiosis g. Gametes (Egg/Sperm) h. Spores i. Gametophyte For the following statements state either mitosis or meiosis: 13. The process that produces haploid spores meiosis 14. The process where a cell grows & divides, but chromosome number doesn t change mitosis 15. The process that takes place between letters b and a mitosis 16. The process that begins the gametophyte stage meiosis 17. The process that reduces the chromosome number by half meiosis 18. Creates gametes meiosis For the following state whether this happens during the sporophyte (S) or gametophyte (G) phase: 19. Division of zygote sporophyte 20. Production of spores gametophyte 21. Fertilization sporophyte 22. Creation of gametes gametophyte 23. Prothallus gametophyte 24. Stalk and cup sporophyte 25. Archegonium/Antheridium gametophyte 26. Fronds sporophyte

5 27. Place the steps of the moss life cycle in order, from the step started for you: 1 Spores land. 5 Diploid sporophyte will grow from zygote. 3 Through water, sperm swim from antheridium (male gametophyte) to archegonium (female gametophyte). 2 Moss gametophytes grow near the ground. 6 Sporophyte will create and release spores. 4 Fertilization occurs. 28. Draw out the steps for the moss life cycle:

6 29. Place the steps of the fern life cycle in order, from the step started for you: 1 Spores land on soil. 6 Sprophyte creates and releases spores. 3 Through water, sperm swim from antheridium to archegonium on prothallus. 2 From the haploid spores, the prothallus grows 4 Fertilization occurs. 5 Diploid sporophyte grows from zygote on the prothallus. 30. Draw out the steps for the fern life cycle: