1. In regards to shoot systems, which of the following is NOT TRUE?

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1 General Biology Summer 2014 Exam I Sample Questions 1. In regards to shoot systems, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Leaves attach to stems at nodes b. Elongation of the internodes accounts for most of stem growth c. Axillary buds are extensions of vascular tissue d. The terminal bud includes developing leaves and a compact series of nodes e. Rhizomes are stems that grow underground 2. All of the following participate in the production of gametes EXCEPT: a. Rhizoids b. Strobili c. Megasporocytes d. Archegonium e. A & B Use the information in the following table to answer questions Anthocerophyta 4 Ginkgophyta 2 Equisitophyta 5 Bryophyta 3 Coniferophyta 6 Polypodiophyta 3. In regards to the movement of phloem sap, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Phloem sap moves from sink to source b. Hydrostatic pressure at the source is greater than the sink c. Bulk flow is the primary mechanism for the movement of phloem sap d. Increasing sugar concentration in the phloem in the leaves causes water to move into the phloem e. Xylem vessels recycle water from phloem sap back to the source 4. Which of the taxa listed above include plants that produce diploid spores? a. 1 & 5 b. 2 & 6 c. 3 & 4 d. 1, 2, 5 & 6 e. 2, 5 & 6 5. All of the following are characteristics of double fertilization seen in angiosperms EXCEPT: a. Megaspores divide mitotically b. Pollen grain grows a pollen tube down through the stigma c. Endosperm has three copies of the plants genome d. Fertilization of the egg produces the zygote which gives rise to the female gametophyte e. A & D

2 6. All of the following are characteristics of the three types of plant tissue EXCEPT: a. Ground tissue occupies the space between vascular and epidermal tissue b. Phloem is made from vascular tissue c. The waxy cuticle is secreted by dermal cells d. Ground tissue is predominantly sclerenchyma 7. In regards to organisms grouped together because they use pseudopodia to move, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Microtubules must be reorganized for organisms to move using pseudopodia b. Rhizopods reproduce primarily by syngamy c. Foraminiferans produce a test from calcium carbonate d. Actinopods are a slender form of pseudopods 8. In regards to the tissue organization of leaves, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Stomata are embedded in the epidermal layer b. Guard cells are more common in the lower epidermis c. Vascular bundles of leaves are continuous with those of the stem d. Chloroplasts are predominantly found in the cells of the mesophyll e. Palisade parenchyma has irregular shaped cells with air spaces for gas circulation 9. In regards to the general characteristic of fungi, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Coencytic hyphae are formed by mitosis b. Most fungi have a vegetative body called the mycelium c. Most fungi are multicellular d. Most reproduction is involves the release of spores e. Fungal sperms are flagellated 10. In regards to the classification of plants, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Plants classified as Polypodiophyta are gametophyte dominant b. Bryophytes lack vascular tissue and cannot make seeds c. Plants classified as Lycophyta have strobili d. Plants classified Cycadophyta are dioecious e. B & C 11. In regards to the movement of water and minerals in the root system of plants, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. For water to move from one area of a root it must first enter into a root cell b. Solutes can move laterally in the root within the cell walls of root cells c. Apoplastic movement can allow water to move through plasmodesmata of neighboring root cells d. Movement of water in roots can occur by diffusion (osmosis) e. A & C

3 12. Which of the following is the defining characteristic of the taxon Basidiomycota? a. Plasmogamy that produces a dikaryotic zygosporangium b. Fruiting structure consisting of many asci c. Club-shaped spore producing structure d. Presence of protistan characteristics e. Multi-nucleated cytoplasm undivided by membranes 13. In regards to the cell types found in plants, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Parenchyma lack secondary cell walls b. Sclerenchyma have thick secondary cell walls c. Tracheids conduct phloem sap d. When mature, vessel elements are not alive 14. While gardening, you notice a dusty white substance covering the upper surface of the leaves of your prized brussels sprout plants. Concerned that your chances of winning the 4-H competition may be dashed, you take a sample back to the biology lab. Under microscopic examination you notice that the substance is unicellular, lacks chloroplast and it has coencytic hyphae. How would you classify the organism? a. Rhodophyta b. Stramenopila c. Ascomycota d. Basidiomycota e. Myxomycota 15. Which of the following are organisms that classified as Chromalveolata and are photosynthetic? a. Apicomplexans b. Bacillariophyta c. Ciliophorans d. Dinoflagellates e. Rhodophyta 16. In regards to differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Most gymnosperms are monoecious; most angiosperms are dioecious b. Most gymnosperms are heterosporous; most angiosperms are homosporous c. Gymnosperms are gametophyte dominant; angiosperms are sporophyte dominant d. B & C e. A, B & C

4 17. Which of the taxa listed below include organisms that are diplomonads? a. Archaezoa b. Alveolata c. Euglenozoa d. Rhodophyta e. Stramenopila 18. Which of the following best describes why water and solutes entering through apoplasts cannot move directly into the vascular tissues? a. Hydrostatic pressure in the stele offsets osmotic and concentration gradients within the apoplast b. Suberin surrounding the endodermal cells of the casparian strip blocks passive movement within cell walls c. Concentration gradients created when sugar moved in phloem sap accumulates in the root cortex cause water to leave the apoplast d. Endodermal cells lack secondary cell walls e. None of the above 19. Lateral roots are associated with which of the following parts of the plant? a. Pericycle b. Vascular bundle c. Apical meristem d. Palisade mesophyll e. Periderm 20. While hiking in the Watchung Reservation you notice what looks like a plant growing along the trail. Given your keen understanding of biology you note that the organism is only found in moist areas along the trail, it is anchored to the ground, and it has small capsules on top of slender stalks attached to what looks like a flattened green leaf. How would you classify the organism? a. Myxomycota b. Gnetophyta c. Polypodiophyta d. Hepaticophyta e. Chytridiomycota 21. Based on discussion in lecture, all of the following are true statements about the classification of invertebrates EXCEPT: a. Animals classified as radiata have ectoderm b. Animals in the taxon Platyhelminthes lack circulatory systems c. Animals with pseudocoeloms have complete digestive tracts d. Animals with exoskeletons have closed circulatory systems

5 22. In regards to animal body plans, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. In deuterostomes, cells formed by cleavage are may be arranged parallel to the vertical axis b. Deuterostomes have bilateral symmetry at least at some point during life c. In protostomes, the anus is created from a secondary opening d. Protostomes are characterized by schizocoelous coelom formation e. For deuterostomes, the fate of all cells is established prior to the eight cell stage 23. An animal with a closed circulatory system may have all of the following EXCEPT: a. Developed coeloms divided by septa b. Parapodia c. Cuticles containing chitin d. A & C e. B & C 24. A protostome possessing a radula is likely to have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: a. Mantle b. Shell c. Closed circulatory system d. Gills e. A & C 25. To which of the following taxa should an animal with a reduced coelom be placed? a. Class Oligochaeta b. Phylum Rotifera c. Class Cestoda d. Phylum Mollusca 26. While wading in the shallows at the Jersey shore, you encounter an animal adhered to the ocean bottom. If you also knew that the animal lacked true tissue, to which taxon does this animal likely belong? a. Porifera b. Scyphozoa c. Hydrozoa d. Rotifera e. A & D 27. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of animals in the class Hirudinea? a. Fluid-filled body cavities surrounded by mesoderm b. Parasitic life styles c. Three germ layers d. Bipinnaria larval stage e. A & D

6 28. Which of the following is the basis for classifying tunicates in the Phylum Chordata? a. Presence of an embryological endostyle but lack adult chordate characteristics b. Presence of all chordate characteristics as an embryo and pharyngeal gill slits as an adult c. Presence of all chordate characteristics as an embryo and a notochord as an adult d. Presence of embryological notochord and pharyngeal gill slits but lack adult chordate characteristics e. Presence of a tornaria larva 29. In regards to environmental advancements seen in the Subphylum Vertebrata, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. The reptilian amniote egg permitted reproduction independent of water b. Separation of the pectoral girdle from the skull in C. Amphibia allowed use of anterior appendages as legs c. The development of the lung in C. Amphibia allowed breathing independent of water d. The development of endothermy allowed a much more efficient metabolism e. The development of the four-chambered heart allowed pulmonary and systemic blood to be separated 1 The animal belongs to the Superclass Gnathostomata I 2 The animal has a pectoral girdle that is fused to the vertebral column 3 The animal is endothermic 4 The larval stage of this animal has gills 30. While sitting at the edge of Passion Puddle you observe a clutch of eggs you recognize to be amphibian. Which of the above are characteristic of the animal that laid these eggs? a. All of the above b. All but 3 c. 2 & 4 d. 4 Only e. All but While tending your garden you observe a snail noshing on the base of your prized heritage tomato plant. Which of the following are characteristics of this organism? a. The organism lacks a radula b. The organism has determinate cleavage c. The organism belongs in the taxon Gastropoda d. A & C e. B & C