Short repetition. Examples. Ecoregions and land-use. seminar / lecture Exchange the work and correct or add aspects

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1 Ecoregions and land-use seminar / lecture WS 2017 / 18 Dr. 7 Short repetition Minute paper (3 minutes time; write it down) Summarize the conditions in Mediterranean type ecosystems presented last week (climate, nutrients, vegetation, growth period, ) Exchange the work and correct or add aspects 2 Examples 3 4 The Mediterranean SE Spain (Western Mediterranean) Chaparral in California Fynbos at the Table Mountain, Cape Town, SA Examples moved to final repetition lecture Cistaceae (rock roses) 5 Pinus halepensis (Aleppo Pine) 6 Serotony (above ground seed-bank): cones open primarily after fire Fumana laevipes Cistus albidus Cistus clusii 1

2 7 8 Mediterranean Pine forest (potentially Macchia), SE Spain, 3 years post fire Number of fires (>=1ha) in Spain % of fires due to lightning 10 High mountain vegetation Sierra Espuna; 1500m a.s.l. 11 Gypsum landscape, Gebas, Murcia 12 Helleborus foetidus (setterwort; Stinkende Nieswurz) 2

3 13 Gypsum landscape Tabernas (SE-Spain) So-called badlands High rate of endemism Edaphic conditions very unfavorable for plant growth Caralluma europaea Asclepiadaceae 14 Sánchez Gómez et al Libro Rojo Universidad Murcia Dry farming (traditional land-use) 17 Plastic-tunnel desert - Tomatoes for Germany 18 Olive tree, Olea europaea 3

4 Detailed contents Introduction; topics for presentations Polar subpolar Polar (P 1), Boreal (P 2a), Temperate midlatitudes (P 5) (P 6a, P 6b) Dry midlatitudes (P 8) Subtropics with winter rain (P 9, P10a) Subtropics with year-round rain (P 11) Dry subtropics and tropics (P 11a, P 12) Dry subtropics and tropics (P 13, P 14) 19 Presentation Water scarcity in the Mediterranean Wildfires in the US Tropics with summer rain (P 15, P 16) Tropics with year-round rain (P 17a) Tropics with year-round rain (P 18, P 19) Repetition, Questions 9.2. Exam (Friday 8:30-10h CIV 060, within the Anthrop. Ecosystems Course) Subtropics with year round rain 4 % terrestrial area 21 Transition: 22 Year round precipitation Summer and winter temperatures clearly differentiated Frost may occur (not frequently) Vegetation 23 Land-use 24 Similar to global tertiary flora Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests 2- multiple layered (special case: Pampa: tall grasses) Rich in lianas and epiphytes Rain and Laurel forests Natural vegetation disappeared widely due to intense land-use and urbanization PP N : t/ha per year Densely populated and economically highly developed areas Perennial crops like Citrus or Tea Annual warm-loving crops like sorghum, maize, peanuts, rice, soya, sesame, sweet potato, cotton and tobacco 2-3 harvests per year possible Soil leaching as aging is quick due to strong chemical weathering and downwards transport (acidification, kaolinite instead of 2:1 clay minerals prevail) low CEC); low humus content 4

5 Examples Barataria Preserve, New Orleans, USA Laurel forest on the Canaries 25 Beispiel: Barataria Preserve South of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Boggy forests Tillandsia usneoides, (Spanish Moss / Louisiana Moos) Bromeliaceae Taxodium distichum, Bald cypress / Sumpfzypresse, Taxodiaceae Distribution in Nord-America Tillandsia usneoides, Bromeliaceae

6 Example: Laurel forest, locally on Canary Islands 32 Tenerife Laurel Forest Vegetation zonation Vegetation zones on Tenerife. Source: Naumann S, 2008: Modellierung der Siedlungsentwicklung auf Tenerife (Kanarische Inseln). Eine fernerkundungsgestützte Analyse zur Bewertung des touristisch induzierten Landnutzungswandels. In: Heidelberger Geographische Arbeiten, 125: 180 pp Laurel Forest (Teneriffa) Ilex canariensis, Canary Laurel, Kanarenlorbeer, Teneriffa 6

7 Presentation Water scarcity in the Mediterranean Wildfires in the US 37 Urban biodiversity in Megacities 7

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