Living vs. Non Living things

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1 Create this G.O. in your science notebook Living vs. Non Living things BIOTIC FACTORS ABIOTIC FACTORS Plants Animals Protists (algae) Bacteria Insects Think all living things Climate Water Sunlight Wind Rocks Think nonliving things

2 Cluster Web G.O. Draw and label your own factors Living Nonliving Biotic Abiotic

3 Create this G.O. in your science notebook 6 Characteristics of Living Things 1 or more cells Sense & respond Reproduce Genetic coding Use energy Grow & Develop

4 Classification of Living Things

5 What is classification? Why do we Classify History of Classification Classification

6 Introduction If you were asked to create groups to place each of the organisms in, what two groups would you start with?

7 What is Classification? Classification grouping of things according to similar characteristics Examples: Parts of speech: noun, verb, adjective, adverb Binder: LA, Math, Science, SS Taxonomy science of classification Taxonomists are the scientists

8 Why Do We Classify? Scientists classify organisms to help make sense and order of the many kinds of living things in the world. The classification of living things makes it easier for biologists to answer many important questions, such as the following: How many known species are there? What are the defining characteristics of each species? What are the relationships between these species?

9 Plant or Animal?

10 Plant or Animal?

11 History of Classification Aristotle Proposed the first classification system Two groups: Plants Animals Divided animals into three groups: Fly Swim Walk, crawl, or run

12 History of Classification Linnaeus Classification based on: o Structure o Anatomy o Appearance This is the basis of our current classification system. Binomial nomenclature Linnaeus naming system of giving every organism a two part name; scientific name bi = two nom = name Genus + species

13 8 Levels of Classification BrainPop Video: Classification All living things are classified into eight major groups: Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species general specific Kings play cards on fat green stools. King Phillip came over for gold and silver.

14 8 Levels of Classification

15 8 Levels of Classification pg.224 Fill in your G.O.

16 8 Levels of Classification pg.225 Fill in your G.O.

17 Scientific Names Binomial nomenclature two part naming system; scientific name Bi = two and nom = name Genus + species Genus (capitalized) species (lowercase)

18 Scientific Names Usually Latin or Greek Contain information about the organism Ex: Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus = Two Greek words that mean tyrant lizard rex = Latin for king Sometimes, scientists have a little fun with scientific names!

19 Activity: Taxonomy in the Bag Using the terms in your bag, see if you can Match common name to scientific name.

20 Proceratium google A species of ant named in honor of Google Earth

21 Electrolux addisoni Ornate Sleeper-Ray (type of cartilaginous fish) Electrolux = brand of vacuum Addisoni = the man who found the ray

22 Puma concolor Cougar, Mountain Lion, Florida Panther, Puma concolor = one color

23 Sciurus carolinensis Eastern Gray Squirrel carolinesis = the Carolinas (N and S)

24 Bobcat Felidae lynx

25 Thylamys cinderella South American Fat-Tailed Opossum

26 Mozartella beethoveni A species of wasp

27 A species of fly Pieza kaka (kake)

28 Grizzley Bear Ursus arctos horribilis

29 Gray wolf Canus lupus

30 Red Bat Lasiurus borealis

31 Polar Bear Ursus maritimus

32 Snail (native to Fiji) Ba humbugi

33 Spongiforma squarepantsii Mushroom (named for SpongeBob)

34 Relationship Between Evolution & Classification This branching diagram shows the similarities and differences between four mammals. The more classification levels two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common. Species with similar evolutionary histories are classified more closely together.

35 Branching Quick Lab Activity Get a science textbook. Turn to Pg Follow Quick Lab Directions using your own notebook paper to complete. Your diagram should branch similar to this.

36 Branching Quick Lab Answer Key Quick Lab: Constructing a Branching Diagram DATASHEET A Sample answer shown below. Rabbits are more closely related to kangaroos than to frogs and snakes because rabbits and kangaroos share more derived characteristics than rabbits and frogs or rabbits and snakes do

37 P.C. Grouping Alien Life by Characteristics & Branching DATASHEET A Sample answers: Life-forms in room 1 have more than one repeating body segment. The shapes of these repeating segments differ between life-forms. 8. Sample answers: The bodies of life-forms in room 2 are not divided into repeating body segments. Life-forms in room 2 differ from the life-forms in room 1 because of the number of repeating body segments. 9. The fossil of life-form 7 shows that the body of life-form 7 is not divided into repeating body segments. Therefore, life-form 7 is likely to be most closely related to life-form 2 and life-form Sample answer: I placed life-form CC9 in room 2 because the body of lifeform CC9 is not divided into repeating body segments. 11. Sample answers: Yes, these other characteristics could be used to make a branching diagram. Using different characteristics would change the branching diagram. It would be hard for scientists to decide which characteristics to use and the scientists might not agree with each other. 12. Living organisms and extinct organisms can be grouped based on their shared derived characteristics. Branching diagrams show the relationships between living organisms and extinct organisms along a timeline.

38 Dichotomous Keys Dichotomous keys (aka: taxonomic key) an identification guide that uses sequential pairs of descriptive statements to help identify organisms. To use: 1. Read a pair of statements. 2. Decide which description is correct. 3. Follow the directions at the end of the statements until the organism is identified.

39

40 Identifying Jelly Belly Jellybeans Have you ever used this chart to identify flavors of Jelly Belly jellybeans? Why?

41 Lab Activity You will work with a partner to use a scientific tool, a dichotomous key, to identify 10 Jelly Belly jellybeans: Follow the steps on the Jelly Belly Jellybean Classification Key. Write the steps you followed on the Jelly Belly Dichotomous Key Lab sheet. When you are finished with the chart, check your answers (by eating the jelly beans).

42 Dichotomous Key

43 What about this last jelly bean?? There are probably some jelly beans left that can t be identified with the key. Choose one: Where can you fit it in to the key? What would be a good statement to describe it?

44 Discussion 1. What traits of the jellybean did you use to identify it s flavor? 2. How did you determine if you were correct? 3. What other things do we classify (organize) in science? 4. Why would we want to classify things in science?

45 Practice with Dichotomous Keys Silly Science Activity Time Norns Pamishan Creatures Dichotomous review sheet- Teacher directed

46 6 Kingdoms of Classification Prokaryotes Eukaryotes (unicellular) (mostly multicellular) Archaebacteri a Eubacteria Protist Fungi Animal Plant

47 Six Kingdoms Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

48

49 Six Kingdoms Chart: What you need to include in this section for each of the six kingdoms: Type of Cell Prokaryote = NO nucleus Eukaryote = nucleus Number of Cells Unicellular = one cell Multicellular = many cells Cell Structures What important organelles are in the cells? Describe their general structure. Food & Energy Autotroph = producer; makes its own food using the sun s energy Heterotroph = consumer Reproduction Asexual = one parent; no diversity Sexual = two parents; diversity Locomotion (Movement) Do they move? If so, how? Habitat Where do they live? Example Organisms Other Information General Info: pgs Specific Info: Ch Archaebacteria = Domain Archae Eubacteria = Domain Bacteria

50 Homework Pamishan Creatures Dichotomous Key WS Due Friday, 3/20 Narrow head Wide head Bottom is archshaped Hair spikes Bottom is M- shaped

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