Comparing Plants & Animals

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Comparing Plants & Animals"

Transcription

1 Section 6.1 Comparing Plants & Animals p

2 Major Similarities: They are both multi-cellular, eukaryotes. Their sizes both range from microscopic to very large. Major Differences: How they obtain food. Movement Evolution Animals evolved in water, the only major groups found on land are the insects, spiders and mollusks (snails). Plants evolved on land. Trees and grasses dominate the land.

3 PLANTS Plants generally are rooted in one place an do not move on their own ANIMALS Most animals have the ability to move fairly freely. Plants contain chlorophyll and can make their own food Animals cannot make their own food and are dependent on plants and other animals for food. Plants give off oxygen and take in carbon dioxide given off by animals. Plants cells have cell walls and other structures differ from those of animals. Plants have either no or very basic ability to sense. Animals give off carbon dioxide which plants need to make food and take in oxygen which they need to breathe. Animal cells do not have cell walls and have different structures than plant cells Animals have a much more highly developed sensory and nervous system.

4 Section 6.2 Kingdom Plantae p

5 Kingdom Plantae Plants Cell Type: all are eukaryotic. Cell Wall: their cells all have a rigid (stiff) cell wall, composed of cellulose. Body Form: all are multicellular. Nutrition: all are autotrophic and make their own food using photosynthesis. They use sunlight as an energy source and CO 2 as a source of structural carbon. This means that their energy and carbon come to them. They do not have to move to acquire either. Reproduction: Asexual & Sexual. Locomotion: Non-motile. No movement.

6 Examples from the Kingdom Plantae: 1. Bryophytes Mosses, liverwarts, hornwarts 2. Ferns Ferns, whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails 3. Gymnosperms Conifers, evergreens 4. Angiosperms Flowers, deciduous trees, peas

7 Plants first appeared about 400 million years ago! The ancestors of plants were algae. Made up of three parts: Leaves- provide surface area for absorbing sunlight. Stem- provides support for the leaves. Roots- anchors the plant and absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.

8 Plants are classified based upon two major characteristics: 1. Whether they have vascular tissue or not. Vascular tissue - tissues used to efficiently transport food or water through a plant. (present in Ferns, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms) 2. Their methods of reproduction. How plants carry out sexual reproduction and how they develop into new plants. whether they reproduction by using male sperm or male pollen whether they develop from spores or seeds (spore development is less advanced) what types of reproductive organs they have present (flowers, cones, antheridia, ovule, etc.)

9 gamete - a cell involved in sexual reproduction; male or female sex cell such as sperm or eggs. spore - a single, specialized reproductive cell released from a parent plant which can grow into a new plant. (produced by the Bryophytes and the Ferns) seed - a multicellular structure containing several specialized tissues and a partially developed, immature plant embryo. It contains a food supply for the embryo and is protected by a tough, outer coat. (produced by the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms) pollen grain - the male gamete of a Gymnosperm or an Angiosperm. It is a protective capsule which contains the male gamete. It is transported by wind or carried on insects or animals. (produced by the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms)

10 Two Major groups of plants: VASCULAR These plants have vascular tissue made up of: xylum (transports water) and phloem (transports nutrients) The xylum and phloem are comparable to our circulatory system because it transports water, dissolved nutrients and sugars to all parts of the plant. All plants are vascular except mosses, liverworts and hornworts (Bryophytes). NON-VASCULAR- These plants do not have vascular tissue. They also lack or have poorly developed roots, stems and leaves. They include: Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts (Bryophytes).

11 1. The Bryophytes - The primitive plants mosses, liverworts, hornworts ( see p. 170) Nonvascular - have no vascular tissue. No true roots, stems or leaves ( true roots, stems and leaves have vascular tissue) They are restricted to a very tiny size; tallest mosses are just 8 cm tall. This is because without vascular tissue to speed up the process, they must rely on diffusion to pass water and food from cell to cell throughout their bodies. The diffusion process is slow without the aid of vascular tissue so small size is a must. They still depend on the presence of water for sexual reproduction to occur so they are restricted in their habitat to places that are wet enough to provide the proper conditions for this type of reproduction to occur. They still use sperm cells to reproduce. This is a primitive process for land plants to use.

12 Male Bryophyte plants release sperm cells during rainfall or a heavy morning dew. The sperm must swim through the water coating on the plants and soil surface to reach female plants where they fertilize eggs. The eggs are contained in an open structure called an archegonia. They are not protected well. Archegonia - the egg producing structures of a bryophyte or fern. Antheridia - the sperm producing structures of a bryophyte or a fern. The moss life cycle has two body forms, the sporophyte and the gametophyte. (see diagram p. 170). They have a dominant (meaning that it is larger, lives the longest and is more complex) gametophyte generation. Gametophyte- is a plant that produces gametes, egg or sperm.

13 Non vascular plants include mosses (Bryophytes), hornworts, and liverworts. These have no vascular tissue and most get nutrients through diffusion and osmosis. These plants grow low to the ground. Non vascular plants have no roots but they do have structures called rhizoids which anchor them to the ground. There are about species of bryophytes. They are common in moist, shaded areas.

14 Examples of Bryophytes: Mosses, liverwarts, hornwarts 2/26/15 14

15 2. The Ferns ( see p. 171) Ex. ferns, whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails. They are vascular plants but still have primitive reproduction - use sperm to fertilize eggs so they are restricted to a moist habitat. They also use spores to reproduce instead of seeds. Spore reproduction is more primitive than using seeds. They have a dominant sporophyte generation. (the dominant generation is the one that is largest and lives longest). A sporophyte most times refers to a plant that produces spores or pollen.

16 Seedless vascular plants were the first vascular plants to grow on Earth. These include ferns and their relatives. These plants reproduce by spores. They are able to grow tall and survive in a variety of environments. Examples include whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails, and ferns.

17 Seed producing vascular plants are divided into two main groups: gymnosperms (conifers and relatives) and angiosperms (flowering plants). The seeds contain the embryo and a food supply. The embryo includes a root, a shoot, and one or two seed leaves. The seeds allow the plant to reproduce sexually without water. It also provides protection during the dormant period.

18 3. The Gymnosperms - ex. Conifers and evergreens Name comes from the Greek word Gymnos which means naked seed. This is because their seeds are not produced inside of fruits but are exposed for fertilization on opened female cones. They are vascular plants. They are seed producing plants with no flowers. Their reproductive organs are cones. Male cones produce pollen. Female cones produce eggs. Theses plants are not dependant on water for reproduction. When fertilization is completed, theses plants produce seeds to complete reproduction. They have a dominant sporophyte generation.

19 Conifers or Evergreens A Tracheophyte (have vessels to move fluids) Coniferous plants Seeds are said to be naked and are born inside of cones There are both male and female cones Include pines, firs, spruces, hemlocks Sometimes called evergreens because they do not tend to lose all their needles at one time Leaves are needle-like or scale-like

20 Gymnosperms have roots, stems and leaves. The seeds are on the surface of the cones. These include pines, firs, yew, spruce, cedars, redwood, and other large trees. They are able to reproduce without water and they protect the stem from losing water by covering it with bark. They have needle like leaves with a thick, waxy covering to reduce evaporation. The shape also reduces water loss. The leaves are lost and replaced year round. By keeping their leaves, they are able to begin photosynthesis as soon as the weather becomes warmer. They also do not need to use energy to grow a complete set of new leaves.

21 Examples of Gymnosperms Black Spruce Cone / Foliage 2/26/15 21

22 Eastern White Pine Cone and Tree 2/26/15 22

23 Jack Pine Tree and Cone 2/26/15 23

What is a Plant? Plant Life Cycle. What did they evolve from? Original Habitat 1/15/2018. Plant Life Cycle Alternation of Generations

What is a Plant? Plant Life Cycle. What did they evolve from? Original Habitat 1/15/2018. Plant Life Cycle Alternation of Generations What is a Plant? Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic (photosynthesis) Has cell walls containing cellulose Lack mobility (sessile) Display Alternation of Generations in their life cycle Introduction to

More information

Kingdom Plantae. Biology : A Brief Survey of Plants. Jun 22 7:09 PM

Kingdom Plantae. Biology : A Brief Survey of Plants. Jun 22 7:09 PM Kingdom Plantae Biology 2201 6.1 6.2 : A Brief Survey of Plants The study of plants is called botany. Plants are believed to have evolved from green algae. The main plant (land) characteristics are as

More information

Unit 2B- The Plants. Plants can be classified according to the presence or absence of vascular tissue.

Unit 2B- The Plants. Plants can be classified according to the presence or absence of vascular tissue. Unit 2B- The Plants Botany is the study of plants. All plants are said to have a common ancestor; (ie.) it is thought that plants have evolved from an ancient group of green algae. Plants and green algae

More information

Kingdom Plantae. A Brief Survey of Plants

Kingdom Plantae. A Brief Survey of Plants Kingdom Plantae A Brief Survey of Plants The study of plants is called botany. Plants are believed to have evolved from green algae. The main plant (land) characteristics are as follows: 1. Common cellular

More information

Plants Review 1. List the 6 general characteristics of plants. 2. What did plants probably evolve from? 3. What are some advantages for life on land

Plants Review 1. List the 6 general characteristics of plants. 2. What did plants probably evolve from? 3. What are some advantages for life on land Plants Review 1. List the 6 general characteristics of plants. 2. What did plants probably evolve from? 3. What are some advantages for life on land for a plant? 4. What are the 3 main groups of plants?

More information

22 3 Seedless Vascular Plants Slide 1 of 33

22 3 Seedless Vascular Plants Slide 1 of 33 22 3 Seedless Vascular Plants 1 of 33 Evolution of Vascular Tissue Plants have vascular tissue, which is specialized to conduct water and nutrients throughout the plant. Xylem carries water from the roots

More information

Biology Slide 1 of 28

Biology Slide 1 of 28 Biology 1 of 28 2 of 28 22-4 Seed Plants Seed plants are the most dominant group of photosynthetic organisms on land. 3 of 28 22-4 Seed Plants Seed plants are divided into two groups: Gymnosperms bear

More information

Plant Evolution & Diversity

Plant Evolution & Diversity Plant Evolution & Diversity Ancestors of plants were probably charophytes (green algae) Chlorophyll a and b, beta carotene Similar thylakoid arrangements Identical cell walls Starch as a storage carbohydrate

More information

The Plant Kingdom If you were to walk around a forest, what would you see? Most things that you would probably name are plants.

The Plant Kingdom If you were to walk around a forest, what would you see? Most things that you would probably name are plants. INTRODUCTION TO PLANTS The Plant Kingdom If you were to walk around a forest, what would you see? Most things that you would probably name are plants. Plants are abundant in almost every environment that

More information

Plant Diversity & Evolution (Outline)

Plant Diversity & Evolution (Outline) Plant Diversity & Evolution (Outline) Review the Life cycle of Fungi Characteristics of organisms in the Kingdom Plantae. Evolution of plants: Challenges and adaptations to living on land Highlights of

More information

Plant Structure Size General Observations

Plant Structure Size General Observations Kingdom Plantae Plant Structure Size General Observations Diversity Within the Plant Kingdom Pine Trees What is a plant? Multicellular Eukaryotes Perform Photosynthesis (base of all terrestrial food chains)

More information

Nonvascular plants Vascular plants Spore Gymnosperm Angiosperm Germinate. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Nonvascular plants Vascular plants Spore Gymnosperm Angiosperm Germinate. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Nonvascular plants Vascular plants Spore Gymnosperm Angiosperm Germinate Tubes for Transport Warm Up 1 Tubes for Transport Nonvascular plants are simple plants that lack vascular tissue, which easily transports

More information

Phylum Bryophyta : (Page 169)

Phylum Bryophyta : (Page 169) Kingdom Plantae : Plants... - nonmotile eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic organisms - rigid cell walls built of cellulose - life cycles show alternation of generations...two distinct phases called

More information

Classification of Plants

Classification of Plants Classification of Plants Plants Aquatic Plants Ex. green algae Similarities between green algae and land plants: A) have chlorophylls a and b B) cellulose cell walls C) store food energy in the form of

More information

Plants! Plants. Plants. Plants. Plant Classifications. Plant Classifications. All plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic.

Plants! Plants. Plants. Plants. Plant Classifications. Plant Classifications. All plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic. Plants Plants! An introduction All plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic. Lots of cells. Produces its own food using chlorophyll. Has a Nucleus. Plants The plant kingdom is one of the largest groups of

More information

Introduction to Plants

Introduction to Plants Introduction to Plants Plants Alive What are the characteristics of plants? All plants are multicellular, which means their bodies are made up of more than one cell. Plants are eukaryotes, which means

More information

Name Hour Section 22-1 Introduction to Plants (pages ) Generation Description Haploid or Diploid? Gamete-producing plant Spore-producing plant

Name Hour Section 22-1 Introduction to Plants (pages ) Generation Description Haploid or Diploid? Gamete-producing plant Spore-producing plant Name Hour Section 22-1 Introduction to Plants (pages 551-555) What Is a Plant? (page 551) 1. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about plants. a. Plants are multicellular prokaryotes. b. Plants

More information

Kingdom: Plantae. Domain Archaea. Domain Eukarya. Domain Bacteria. Common ancestor

Kingdom: Plantae. Domain Archaea. Domain Eukarya. Domain Bacteria. Common ancestor Kingdom: Plantae Domain Eukarya Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya Common ancestor The First Plants For more than 3 billion years, Earth s terrestrial surface was lifeless life evolved in the

More information

Botany: Part I Overview of Plants & Plant Structure

Botany: Part I Overview of Plants & Plant Structure Botany: Part I Overview of Plants & Plant Structure Plant evolution Plant Evolution Chlorophytes Bryophytes (nonvascular plants) Seedless vascular plants Gymnosperms Angiosperms Chlorophytes are a green

More information

Plants Notes. Plant Behavior Phototropism - growing towards light

Plants Notes. Plant Behavior Phototropism - growing towards light Plants Notes Plant Behavior Phototropism - growing towards light Geotropism - roots knowing which direction is down Thigmotropism - a plant's response to touch Ex. a vine wrapping around and climbing a

More information

Plants. and their classi.ication

Plants. and their classi.ication + Plants and their classi.ication +Why are plants important? n Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide + water + energy à sugar + oxygen 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O à C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 n Food (green tea, fruits, seeds, roots,

More information

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Structures and Functions of Living Organisms 6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce. 6.L.1.1 Summarize the basic structures and functions

More information

Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic Sessile means cannot move Have cellulose in their cell walls

Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic Sessile means cannot move Have cellulose in their cell walls 1 Plant Characteristics: Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic Sessile means cannot move Have cellulose in their cell walls chloroplast vacuole Golgi body Cell wall nucleus mitochondria Cell membrane 2

More information

Chapter What is a Plant? Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Chapter What is a Plant? Biology. Slide 1 of 33. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 22.1 Biology What is a Plant? 1 of 33 Objectives 1. Describe the basic characteristics of life. 2. Describe what plants need to survive. 3. Describe the life cycle of plants. 4. Describe how the

More information

22 1 Introduction to Plants Slide 2 of 33

22 1 Introduction to Plants Slide 2 of 33 2 of 33 What Is a Plant? What is a plant? 3 of 33 What Is a Plant? What Is a Plant? Plants are multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose. Plants develop from multicellular embryos

More information

4 General Characteristics:

4 General Characteristics: 1 The Plant Kingdom 4 General Characteristics: 1) Multi-celled organisms 2) Plants make their own food by photosynthesis 3) They have chloroplasts chloroplasts- organelle where photosynthesis takes place

More information

AP Biology. Evolution of Land Plants. Kingdom: Plants. Plant Diversity. Animal vs. Plant life cycle. Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts

AP Biology. Evolution of Land Plants. Kingdom: Plants. Plant Diversity. Animal vs. Plant life cycle. Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts Kingdom: Plants Domain Eukarya Domain Domain Domain Eubacteria Archaea Eukarya 2007-2008 Common ancestor Evolution of Land Plants 500 mya land plants evolved special adaptations for life on dry land protection

More information

Biology Lab: The Diversity of the Plant Kingdom

Biology Lab: The Diversity of the Plant Kingdom Biology Lab: The Diversity of the Plant Kingdom Name Date Introduction: Simply put, life on Earth relies on the plants for survival. By carrying out photosynthesis, plants provide enough food for themselves

More information

Ch. 22: Plant Growth, Reproduction & Response

Ch. 22: Plant Growth, Reproduction & Response Ch. 22: Plant Growth, Reproduction & Response generally reproduce sexually, though many can also reproduce asexually. Some have lost ability to reproduce sexually. All plant lifecycles involve alternation

More information

All about plants: Overview of Plants

All about plants: Overview of Plants All about plants: Overview of Plants Plants (also called autotrophs or producers) trap energy from the sun by photosynthesis & store it in organic compounds; contain chlorophyll inside of chloroplasts;

More information

Chapter 29 Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Chapter 29 Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land Chapter 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land Chapter 29 Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land Name Period Concept 29.1 Land plants evolved from green algae 1. Plants colonized land about

More information

seed plants (chapter 30)

seed plants (chapter 30) seed plants (chapter 30) seed plant evolutionary hallmarks 1) microscopic gametophytes protection (UV, desiccation) nutrition from parents (increased chance for survival) microscopic gametophytes... seedless,

More information

Name Date. Classifying Plants. Created by: Cammie s Corner

Name Date. Classifying Plants. Created by: Cammie s Corner 1 Name Date Classifying Plants The Structure of Plants 2 3 main parts: 1. Roots- take in water and nutrients from the soil. 2. Stems- move water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. 3. Leaves- capture

More information

Introduction to Plants

Introduction to Plants Introduction to Plants Name 5 reasons why we think plants are A OK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. Plant Cells: Plants are multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose. They develop from multicellular

More information

Autotrophs/producers- make own energy through

Autotrophs/producers- make own energy through Name Class EXAM Date Unit 11 Plant Kingdom Characteristics of Plants Multicellular- made of cells Eukaryotes- have & membrane bound organelles Cell - made of Autotrophs/producers- make own energy through

More information

Early-bird Special The following terms refer to alternation of generation:

Early-bird Special The following terms refer to alternation of generation: Early-bird Special The following terms refer to alternation of generation: Homosporous ( one type of spore. a single type of spore produces a single type of gametophyte which produces both male and female

More information

Test Lesson 18 Plants - Answer Key Page 1

Test Lesson 18 Plants - Answer Key Page 1 Test Lesson 18 Plants - Answer Key Page 1 1. Algae are. A. protists B. early plants C. multicellular eukaryotes D. forms of euglenia 2. Algae reproduce by what two methods? A. conjugation and meiosis B.

More information

Test Lesson 18 Plants Page 1

Test Lesson 18 Plants Page 1 Test Lesson 18 Plants Page 1 1. Algae are. A. protists B. early plants C. multicellular eukaryotes D. forms of euglenia 2. Algae reproduce by what two methods? A. conjugation and meiosis B. binary fission

More information

Plant Vocabulary. Define

Plant Vocabulary. Define Define Plant Vocabulary 1. Photosynthesis 2. Eukaryotic 3. Monocot 4. Dicot 5. Cotyledon 6. Roots 7. Stems 8. Leaves 9. Xylem 10. Phloem 11. Capillary action 12. Meristem 13. Apical meristem 14. Vascular

More information

Kingdom Plantae. Plants or metaphytes are, autotrophic multicellular eukaryotes, with tissues.

Kingdom Plantae. Plants or metaphytes are, autotrophic multicellular eukaryotes, with tissues. Kingdom Plantae Key words feature bryophytes herbaceous node to release pteridophytes sporangium, leaf (leaves) damp gymnosperms vascular apix cluster angiosperms rhizome sepal shrub tropism fronds calyx

More information

Chapter 15. Plant Evolution and Classification Worksheets. (Opening image copyright Jonathan Lingel, Used under license from Shutterstock.com.

Chapter 15. Plant Evolution and Classification Worksheets. (Opening image copyright Jonathan Lingel, Used under license from Shutterstock.com. Chapter 15 Plant Evolution and Classification Worksheets (Opening image copyright Jonathan Lingel, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com.) Lesson 15.1: Introduction to the Plant Kingdom Lesson

More information

Biology 11 Kingdom Plantae: Algae and Bryophyta

Biology 11 Kingdom Plantae: Algae and Bryophyta Biology 11 Kingdom Plantae: Algae and Bryophyta Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 3 types of algae Why we believe land plants developed from algae Lifecycle of a bryophyte

More information

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Date: 6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce. 6.L.1.1 Summarize the basic structures and

More information

Topic 2: Plants Ch. 16,28

Topic 2: Plants Ch. 16,28 Topic 2: Plants Ch. 16,28 Characteristics of Plants p. 316 1. Multicellular eukaryotic organisms 2. Composed of tissues, organs and organ systems. 3. Cell walls made of cellulose. 4. Store energy as starch.

More information

The Producers: The Plant Kingdom An Introduction to Plants and the Mosses

The Producers: The Plant Kingdom An Introduction to Plants and the Mosses The Producers: The Plant Kingdom An Introduction to Plants and the Mosses Mosses Phylum Bryophyta - ~12,000 species Liverworts - Phylum Hepaticophyta - ~8,500 species Hornworts - Phylum Anthocerophyta

More information

Vocab Check. How many words were familiar to you? Botany Pre-Test

Vocab Check. How many words were familiar to you? Botany Pre-Test Vocab Check How many words were familiar to you? Botany Pre-Test Homework Chapter 4 Section 1 in textbook Read and complete questions on socrative.com same room number/set up PELOQUINSCIENCE Learning Targets

More information

Bio Ch Plants.notebook. April 09, 2015

Bio Ch Plants.notebook. April 09, 2015 1 Plants are vitally important to all life on Earth, especially humans Form the base of the food chain Medicines Clothing Building Materials 2 Plants for Food Cereals - The grass family - Rich in carbohydrates

More information

Plant Kingdom Introduction

Plant Kingdom Introduction Plant Kingdom Introduction Remember Photosynthesis! Sun + 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Remember Respiration! C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP + heat Plant Kingdom All Plants: Eukaryotic Multi-cellular

More information

6H2O + 6CO2 C6H12O6 + 6O2

6H2O + 6CO2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 Use this as another study tool to help you narrow the focus of the notes down to the majority of what is going to be on the plant systems unit test. Keep in mind that memorizing just what is in this handout

More information

Domain Eukarya: Kingdom Plantae non-vascular plants

Domain Eukarya: Kingdom Plantae non-vascular plants Domain Eukarya: Kingdom Plantae non-vascular plants Land plants descended from a green algae ancestor Some key characteristics of land plants are shared with green algae, like Multicellular, eukaryotic,

More information

Diversity of Plants How Plants Colonized the Land

Diversity of Plants How Plants Colonized the Land Chapter 29, 30. Diversity of Plants How Plants Colonized the Land 1 The first plants For more than 3 billion years, Earth s terrestrial surface was lifeless life evolved in the seas 1st photosynthetic

More information

BIO10 Plant Lecture Notes ch. 17. Plant Kingdom

BIO10 Plant Lecture Notes ch. 17. Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom Characteristics of the Plant Kingdom; eukaryotic, multicellular, sexually reproducing organisms autotroph feed themselves by photosynthesis Facts about members of this kingdom the dominant

More information

-Producers & Cellular Energy Notes-

-Producers & Cellular Energy Notes- -Producers & Cellular Energy Notes- Part 1 Plants LT 5.1 - I can describe basic information about plants, including the ways they move materials, are classified, reproduce, and evolved. What are plants?

More information

Discuss: March 15, Plants part 2.notebook NITROGEN CYCLE. Animated Nitrogen Cycle. Jan 3 5:33 PM. Jan 3 8:20 PM. Carbon Cycle BrainPOP

Discuss: March 15, Plants part 2.notebook NITROGEN CYCLE. Animated Nitrogen Cycle. Jan 3 5:33 PM. Jan 3 8:20 PM. Carbon Cycle BrainPOP Plant Kingdom Review What cycles are needed for plant life? - Carbon-Oxygen Cycle (including Photosynthesis) - Nitrogen Cycle - Water Cycle Let's take a look at the first two... Jan 3 5:33 PM Jan 3 8:20

More information

The overall category of plants are 1) eukaryotic 2) multicellular 3)organisms capable of photosynthesis 4)built with cellulose 5) and have

The overall category of plants are 1) eukaryotic 2) multicellular 3)organisms capable of photosynthesis 4)built with cellulose 5) and have Chapter 23 The overall category of plants are 1) eukaryotic 2) multicellular 3)organisms capable of photosynthesis 4)built with cellulose 5) and have alternation of generations. Plants most likely first

More information

Plants and Fungi. Bryophytes Bryophytes, most commonly mosses Sprawl as low mats over acres of land

Plants and Fungi. Bryophytes Bryophytes, most commonly mosses Sprawl as low mats over acres of land Plants and Fungi Terrestrial Adaptations of Plants Structural Adaptations A plant is a multicellular eukaryote and a photoautotroph, making organic molecules by photosynthesis In terrestrial habitats,

More information

Plants Have Changed the World

Plants Have Changed the World Chapter 19 Plants Man: G. R. "Dick" Roberts/Natural Sciences Image Library Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill

More information

CHAPTER 29 PLANT DIVERSITY I: HOW PLANTS COLONIZED LAND. Section A: An Overview of Land Plant Evolution

CHAPTER 29 PLANT DIVERSITY I: HOW PLANTS COLONIZED LAND. Section A: An Overview of Land Plant Evolution CHAPTER 29 PLANT DIVERSITY I: HOW PLANTS COLONIZED LAND Section A: An Overview of Land Plant Evolution 1. Evolutionary adaptations to terrestrial living characterize the four main groups of land plants

More information

Types of Plants. Unit 6 Review 5/2/2011. Plants. A. pine B. moss C. corn plant D. bean plant E. liverwort

Types of Plants. Unit 6 Review 5/2/2011. Plants. A. pine B. moss C. corn plant D. bean plant E. liverwort Unit 6 Review Plants Initial questions are worth 1 point each. Each question will be followed by an explanation All questions will be asked a second time at the very end, each of those questions will be

More information

The move from water to land. The move from water to land. Chapter 16- Evolution of Plants. Green algae are the ancestors to all plants

The move from water to land. The move from water to land. Chapter 16- Evolution of Plants. Green algae are the ancestors to all plants Chapter 16- Evolution of Plants From Protists to Plants Moving right along! Green algae are the ancestors to all plants Who, ME? Wow I feel so important! Charophyceans 475 million years ago, shallow seas

More information

Name: Date: Period: Forms a spore producing structure called an ascus Morals Truffles Yeast

Name: Date: Period: Forms a spore producing structure called an ascus Morals Truffles Yeast Name: Date: Period: Fungi and Plant Unit Review Worksheet Part I (KEY) Directions: Treat this like an assessment and answer as much as you can without ANY help. See how much you actually know by highlighting/starring

More information

LAB 13 The Plant Kingdom

LAB 13 The Plant Kingdom LAB 13 The Plant Kingdom Overview The importance of plants for life on earth cannot be overstated. Plants along with photosynthetic microbes produce all of the oxygen gas (O 2 ) in our atmosphere. Essentially

More information

After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: The gametophyte grows as an independent plant.

After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: The gametophyte grows as an independent plant. CHAPTER 12 SECTION 3 Introduction to Plants Seed Plants 7.2.a, 7.5.f California Science Standards BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How are seed

More information

9. The rhizoids of seedless nonvascular plants are comparable to the of a seed plant.

9. The rhizoids of seedless nonvascular plants are comparable to the of a seed plant. Name: # Date: Science Chapter 5 Study Guide 1. List three adaptations that allow plants to survive on land? 2. List three characteristic of plants. 3. Why is binomial nomenclature used to name plants?

More information

Chapter 8 Objectives

Chapter 8 Objectives CHAPTER 8 PLANTS 1 Chapter 8 Objectives Section 1: The Plant Kingdom 1. Identify the characteristics all plants share 2. Name the things that a plant needs to live successfully on land 3. Compare vascular

More information

All About Plants. What are plants?

All About Plants. What are plants? All About Plants What are plants? Plants are living things that are made up of cells. They need air, water, soil, and sunlight to live. They cannot move from place to place, but their leaves move to catch

More information

Nonvascular Plants mosses, liverworts and hornworts are nonvascular plants. These lack vascular tissue which is a system of tubes that transport

Nonvascular Plants mosses, liverworts and hornworts are nonvascular plants. These lack vascular tissue which is a system of tubes that transport Nonvascular Plants mosses, liverworts and hornworts are nonvascular plants. These lack vascular tissue which is a system of tubes that transport food, water and minerals throughout the plant. Water and

More information

Chapter 23: Plant Diversity and Life Cycles

Chapter 23: Plant Diversity and Life Cycles Chapter 23: Plant Diversity and Life Cycles Section 1: Introduction to Plants Cuticle: a waxy or fatty and watertight layer on the external wall of epidermal cells Spore: a reproductive cell or multicellular

More information

Seed Plants. Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

Seed Plants. Gymnosperms & Angiosperms Seed Plants Gymnosperms & Angiosperms 1 Quick Defs Vascular = xylem and phloem Xylem = Brings water/nutrients from roots to the plant. Phloem = Brings sugars down from the leaves 2 Evolution Of Land Plants

More information

BIODIVERSITY OF PLANTS 12 FEBRUARY 2014

BIODIVERSITY OF PLANTS 12 FEBRUARY 2014 BIODIVERSITY OF PLANTS 12 FEBRUARY 2014 In this lesson we: Lesson Description Look at how plants are classified Define Alternation of generations Summarise the main characteristics of four groupings of

More information

Plants. Chapter Test A. Multiple Choice. 1 Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Plants. Chapter Test A. Multiple Choice. 1 Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Plants Chapter Test A Multiple Choice Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left. 1. The leaf s cuticle a. stores water. b. reduces evaporation. c. transports water in the leaf. d.

More information

Chapter 22: The Plant Kingdom

Chapter 22: The Plant Kingdom Chapter 22: The Plant Kingdom Lecture Outline Enger, E. D., Ross, F. C., & Bailey, D. B. (2012). Concepts in biology (14th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill. 22-1 What is a plant? 22-2 Eukaryotic Heterotrophic

More information

Overview of Plants. Honors Biology

Overview of Plants. Honors Biology Overview of Plants Honors Biology Adaptations Cuticle to prevent water loss Spore and seeds to protect reproductive cells Xylem carries absorbed water and inorganic nutrients in one direction from roots

More information

Biology. Chapter 21. Plant Evolution. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015

Biology. Chapter 21. Plant Evolution. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015 Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 21 Plant Evolution 21.1 How Did Plants Adapt To Life on Land? Plants evolved from green algae, and underwent an adaptive radiation on land

More information

4/30/2014. The lives of modern plants and fungi are intertwined We depend on plants and indirectly, fungi for much of our food.

4/30/2014. The lives of modern plants and fungi are intertwined We depend on plants and indirectly, fungi for much of our food. and the Colonization of Land The lives of modern plants and fungi are intertwined We depend on plants and indirectly, fungi for much of our food. Plants are often harmed by fungi. On the other hand, nearly

More information

copyright cmassengale Kingdoms and Classification

copyright cmassengale Kingdoms and Classification 1 Kingdoms and Classification 2 Domains Broadest, most inclusive taxon Three domains Archaea and Eubacteria are unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles) Eukarya are more complex

More information

8/25/ Opening Questions: Name the ist. Chapter 9 Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants Module Hyperlinks. Match the subject with the scientist:

8/25/ Opening Questions: Name the ist. Chapter 9 Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants Module Hyperlinks. Match the subject with the scientist: Chapter 9 Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants Module Hyperlinks 9.1. Fungi 9.2. Fungi structure and reproduction 9.3. Plant adaptations 9.4. Plant bodies consist of roots, stems, and leaves. 9.5. Plant bodies

More information

1.1 The Body of Seed Plants Seed Plants those

1.1 The Body of Seed Plants Seed Plants those 1.1 The Body of Seed Plants Seed Plants those plants that make seeds. come in all shapes and sizes. have the same structures, which do the same job in all plants. Structures: Flowers each flower usually

More information

3. Diagram a cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships among the four main groups of living plants.

3. Diagram a cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships among the four main groups of living plants. OBJECTIVE SHEET PLANTS Phylum: Coniferophyta (gymnosperms the conifers) Phylum: Anthophyta (angiosperms the flowering plants) 1. Explain the alternation of generations in the two-phase life cycle of all

More information

Plant Evolution and Diversity. B. Importance of plants. C. Where do plants fit, evolutionarily? What are the defining traits of plants?

Plant Evolution and Diversity. B. Importance of plants. C. Where do plants fit, evolutionarily? What are the defining traits of plants? Plant Evolution and Diversity Reading: Chap. 30 I. What is a plant? A. Basic structure and function B. Why are plants important? C. What are plants, evolutionarily? D. Problems of living on land II. Overview

More information

Plants Week 6 Booklet

Plants Week 6 Booklet Plants Week 6 Booklet Living vs. Non-Living Foss Investigation #5 The Vascular System Part 1: What Happened to the Water? Part 2: Looking at Plant Structures Not in Foss- Nonvascular Systems Types of Roots

More information

SG 9.2 notes Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants

SG 9.2 notes Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants Euglena are singled celled organisms in pond water They are green, so contain,

More information

Plants. SC.912.L.14.7 Relate the structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes.

Plants. SC.912.L.14.7 Relate the structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. Plants SC.912.L.14.7 Relate the structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. 1. Students will explain how the structures of plant tissues and organs are directly

More information

What were some challenges that plants had to overcome as they moved to land? Drying out in the sun Conserving water Reproduction without water

What were some challenges that plants had to overcome as they moved to land? Drying out in the sun Conserving water Reproduction without water Classification of Plants (Ch. 22) The 3 major characteristics that make an organism a plant are: Multicellular eukaryote Cell walls with cellulose Carry out photosynthesis Plants most likely evolved from:

More information

Downloaded from

Downloaded from A.I.P.M.T. Foundation - XI Biology MCQs Time: 30 min MCQ#8 Full Marks: 40 Choose the most appropriate answer. 1. They are non-vascular plants: 1. Hosrsetails 2. Conifers 3. Club mosses 4. Liverworts 2.

More information

Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)

Flowering Plants (Angiosperms) Flowering Plants (Angiosperms) Flowering Plants (Angiosperms) Inside ovary: Structures called ovules.. Meiosis occurs in these, producing four haploid female spores. Three of these disintegrate. The fourth

More information

Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function

Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function All organisms must: Take in certain materials, e.g. O 2, food, drink Eliminate other materials, e.g. CO 2, waste products Chapter

More information

Chapter 1-Plants in Our World

Chapter 1-Plants in Our World Chapter 1-Plants in Our World Formation of earth-4.5-4.6 billion years ago Evidence of life from organic material-3.8 billion years ago Many cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, but these microscopic organisms

More information

Ms.Sastry, AP Biology Unit 4/Chp 26 to 34/Diversity 1 Chapter in class follow along lecture notes

Ms.Sastry, AP Biology Unit 4/Chp 26 to 34/Diversity 1 Chapter in class follow along lecture notes Ms.Sastry, AP Biology Unit 4/Chp 26 to 34/Diversity 1 Chapter 26 34 in class follow along lecture notes Chp 26 Origin of life: 1) When did earth form? 2) What is the order of evolution of life forms on

More information

Plant Characteristics: 1. They obtain and use resources for energy need food, oxygen, and water, which provide required energy to perform the basic

Plant Characteristics: 1. They obtain and use resources for energy need food, oxygen, and water, which provide required energy to perform the basic 1 Plant Characteristics: 1. They obtain and use resources for energy need food, oxygen, and water, which provide required energy to perform the basic processes of life, such as growing and developing,

More information

Exam 2 Mean = 67.8 Median = In bryophytes meiosis produces the. a. sporophyte b. gametophyte c. gametes d. sporangium e.

Exam 2 Mean = 67.8 Median = In bryophytes meiosis produces the. a. sporophyte b. gametophyte c. gametes d. sporangium e. Exam 2 Mean = 67.8 Median = 69.0 38. In bryophytes meiosis produces the. a. sporophyte b. gametophyte c. gametes d. sporangium e. spores 1 49. Which of the following is least closely related to bryophytes?

More information

Science and Health CLASSIFYING PLANTS. Module 25

Science and Health CLASSIFYING PLANTS. Module 25 5 Module 25 Science and Health CLASSIFYING PLANTS A DepEd-BEAM Distance Learning Program supported by 1 the Australian Agency for International Development To the Learner Dear Learner, Hi Kids! Let s welcome

More information

Quick Lab. The Structure of Seeds

Quick Lab. The Structure of Seeds 3 Seed Plants Key Concept Seed plants produce seeds and are categorized as gymnosperms or angiosperms. What You Will Learn Seed plants differ from seedless plants in three main ways. A seed is composed

More information

1 Mosses and other bryophytes are like ferns in that both bryophytes and ferns exhibit each of the following traits EXCEPT

1 Mosses and other bryophytes are like ferns in that both bryophytes and ferns exhibit each of the following traits EXCEPT Page 1 1 Mosses and other bryophytes are like ferns in that both bryophytes and ferns exhibit each of the following traits EXCEPT A haploid spores. B specialized cells and tissues. C vascular tissue for

More information

Unit 7 ~ Learning Guide

Unit 7 ~ Learning Guide Unit 7 ~ Learning Guide Name: INSTRUCTIONS Complete the following notes and questions as you work through the related lessons. You are required to have this package completed BEFORE you write your unit

More information

CHAPTERS 16 & 17: PROKARYOTES, FUNGI, AND PLANTS Honors Biology 2012 PROKARYOTES PROKARYOTES. Fig Lived alone on Earth for over 1 billion years

CHAPTERS 16 & 17: PROKARYOTES, FUNGI, AND PLANTS Honors Biology 2012 PROKARYOTES PROKARYOTES. Fig Lived alone on Earth for over 1 billion years CHAPTERS 6 & 7: PROKARYOTES, FUNGI, AND PLANTS Honors Biology 0 PROKARYOTES Lived alone on Earth for over billion years Most numerous and widespread organisms (total biomass of prokaryotes is ten times

More information

vascular phloem These 68 vocabulary cards are part of a SCIENCE unit. Please keep this set in: Plants - Standard 6-8

vascular phloem These 68 vocabulary cards are part of a SCIENCE unit. Please keep this set in: Plants - Standard 6-8 Instructions for Vocabulary Cards: Please photocopy the following pages onto heavy card stock (back to back, so the word is printed on the back side of the matching definition). Then, laminate each page.

More information

Key Plant Unit Test Multiple Choice

Key Plant Unit Test Multiple Choice Plant Unit Test Multiple Choice For questions 1 25, circle the letter of the best answer from the choices provided. (2 pts each) For questions 1 3, refer to the diagram of the plant cell below: A B C D

More information

-plant bodies composed of tissues produced by an apical meristem. -spores with tough walls. -life history of alternation of generations

-plant bodies composed of tissues produced by an apical meristem. -spores with tough walls. -life history of alternation of generations Chapter 21-Seedless Plants Major modern plant groups All groups of land-adapted plants have a common set of characteristics: -plant bodies composed of tissues produced by an apical meristem -spores with

More information

Organization of Plant Tissue. Wednesday, March 2, 16

Organization of Plant Tissue. Wednesday, March 2, 16 Organization of Plant Tissue Plant Systems Shoot System The Leaf The Stem The Flower Root System The Shoot System Has two main functions: to conduct photosynthesis and to produce flowers for sexual reproduction

More information