Practice Test for Exam 1

Transcription

1 Practice Test for Exam 1 1. An explanation for natural phenomena that is well supported by many reliable observations describes which of the following? a. Fact b. Hypothesis c. Law d. Scientific theory 2. A scientific theory is considered fact. (Never considered a fact, use facts to assist with supporting theory) 3. Atmospheric oxygen became abundant due to eukaryotic plants. (prokaryotic- cyanobacteria) 4. Mitochondria and plastids both have circular DNA separate from the DNA contained in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. This is evidence supports what theory? Endosymbiant theory 5. Which clade carries out non-plant like photosynthesis (does not produce O 2 as a result of photosynthesis)? a. Proteobacteria b. Spirochetes c. Chlamydias d. Cyanobacteria 6. Bacteriorhodopsin is a photosynthetic pigment unique to: (You do not need to know what bacteriorhodopsin is or does for this exam, just be able to recognize that it is a characteristic of the extreme halophiles) a. Extreme thermophiles b. Extreme halophiles c. Methanogens d. Proteobacteria 7. Members of this clade have complex life cycles and are known to be malaria-causing: a. Euglenozoa b. Parabasala

2 c. Apiocomplexans d. Dianoflagellates 8. Plasmodial slime molds belong to clade a. Stramenopila b. Ameobozoa c. Rhodophyta d. Alveolata 9. In a certain area of the Pacific, yellow and green sunlight penetrate the water down to 50m. You have discovered a new photosynthetic protist that lives 75m below the surface of the water. This organism is and belongs to phylum a. Chlorophyta, Proteobacteria b. Stramenopila, Rhizaria c. Green algae, Protista d. Red algae, Plantae 10. A radioactive isotope has a half-life of 1.2 billion years. As measured by the presence of the isotope and its stable decay product, a rock originally contained 10 grams of the radioactive isotope, and now contains 1.25 grams. Approximately how many years old is the rock? a. 1.2 billion years b. 10,000 years c. 3.6 billion years d. 4.8 billion years 11. Fossils that can be used to establish relative dates are most likely to be found in. a. Glacial till (i.e. rubble) b. Sedimentary rock c. Igneous rock d. Volcanic archipelagos 12. What disease is caused by the organism illustrated? a. Trichomonas b. Chlamydia c. African Sleeping Sickness d. Lyme Disease 13. What evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondria and plastids evolved from prokaryotic endosymbionts?

3 a. They have a single circular chromosome similar to bacterial chromosomes b. They have flagella similar to bacterial flagella c. Their ribosomes are more like prokaryotic ribosomes than eukaryotic ribosomes d. Both a and c 14. All the members of which one of the following groups have the greatest number of characteristics in common? (Remember: Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Speciesà D, Keep Pond Clean Or Froggy Gets Sick. For this exam, we don t really touch on kingdoms, that level of classification will come into play when we start looking at animals more indepth. Feel free to ignore it for this exam.) a. Class b. Kingdom c. Phylum d. Species 15. Bacterial cells, but not eukaryotic cells possess. a. Photosynthetic pigments b. A nucleoid with a circular chromosome c. Membrane-enclosed organelles d. Cell walls 16. Bacteria that use light for their energy source and CO2 for their carbon source are called: a. Photoautotrophs b. Photoheterotrophs c. Chemoautotrophs d. Chemoheterotrophs 17. Prokaryotes found inhabiting the Great Salt Lake would be: a. Cyanobacteria b. Extreme Methanogens c. Extreme Thermophiles d. Extreme halophiles 18. What supergroup is characterized by thread-like pseudopodia, termed filose? a. Excavata b. Unikonta c. Rhizaria d. Stramenopiles 19. Which class of archaea includes most of the extreme thermophiles? a. Euryarchaeota

4 b. Crenarchaeota c. Korarchaeota d. Extremophiles 20. A coenocytic mass is a feature of what group? a. Gymnamoebas b. Plasmodial slime molds c. Lobose Amoebae d. Green Algae 21. Which of the following is NOT a use of diatomaceous earth? a. Nanotechnology * I made a mistake with this question- ALL of the b. Pesticide answer choices are uses for diatoms! So sorry! c. Metal finishes d. Reflective paint 22. What is the structure illustrated in the picture? a. Coenocytic mass b. Body mass c. Psedupodium d. Sporangia 23. What clade do these two organisms belong to? a. Ciliates b. Cyanobacteria c. Green Algae d. Spirochetes 24. Pick the correct order in which these groups appear in the fossil record, starting with the earliest and ending with the most recent: a. Prokaryotes, Abundant O 2 in atmosphere, Eukaryotes, Land plants b. Abundant O 2 in atmosphere, Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, Land plants c. Prokaryotes, Land plants, Abundant O 2 in atmosphere, Eukaryotes d. Abundant O 2 in atmosphere, Prokaryotes, Land plants, Eukaryotes **Remember that prokaryotes carrying out photosynthesis added oxygen to the atmosphere- think cyanobacteria 25. Mitosis produces daughter cells to their parent cells. Meiosis produces daughter cells that are from their parent cells.

5 a. Genetically different; genetically identical b. Genetically identical; genetically different c. Genetically different; genetically different d. Genetically identical; genetically identical 26. List the prokaryotic domain(s): Bacteria, Archaea 27. List the eukaryotic domain(s): Eukaryota 28. All members of this clade of bacteria are obligate intracellular parasites: a. Spirochetes b. Chlamydiae c. Plantae d. Proteobacteria 29. Which group of protists has both hairy and smooth flagella? a. Amebozoa b. Parabasala c. Alveolates d. Stramenopila 30. Taxonomy is the grouping of species to reflect evolutionary history and the degree of relatedness between/ among taxa. (the correct answer is phylogeny) 31. Taxonomy is the process of finding features that distinguish between closely related species; a method of cataloging or giving names to reflect species-to-species relationships. REVIEW: Figures 29.7, 30.7, summary table 30.2 Best of luck!