Warm UP- page 100. What is ATP? How is energy released from ATP? Agenda. Photosynthesis WS- (NO PARTNERS) Photosynthesis Notes

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1 Warm UP- page 100 What is ATP? How is energy released from ATP? Agenda Photosynthesis Notes Photosynthesis WS- (NO PARTNERS)

2 Photosynthesis The Light Dependent Reaction and Calvin Cycle Biology Standard 3.1

3 YouTube Video

4 What do we need to survive? A constant source of energy! What is the ultimate source of energy for most life on earth? THE SUN!!!

5 Introduction to Photosynthesis The purpose of photosynthesis is to create food for plants Photosynthesis uses sunlight (solar energy) to convert water and carbon dioxide into chemical energy, for the plant. The food is a sugar, glucose. During photosynthesis, oxygen is produced as a byproduct. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of plant cells

6 Parts of a chloroplast

7 Photosynthesis Equation Photosynthesis can be written as a balanced equation: light 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water light Glucose + 6 Oxygen

8 2 Stages of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis has 2 parts: 1. Light Dependent Reaction 2. Calvin Cycle AKA: Light Independent Reaction AKA: Dark Reaction Light Dependent Reaction takes place in the granum of the chloroplast Specifically within the thylakoid membrane Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast

9 6 6 Stroma Granum 1 Glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 2 stages of Photosynthesis Illustrated

10 LDR =Light Dependent Reaction called the LDR because it DIRECTLY requires sunlight Requires sunlight Water (H 2 O) is the main reactant of the LDR AKA: water enters the LDR The LDR s main product is oxygen (O 2 ) ATP and NADPH are energy molecules also produced in the LDR The purpose of the LDR is to create the energy molecules above for the Calvin Cycle Aka: load the energy molecules

11 Photosynthesis Equation CIRCLE LDR and the components in the step light 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

12 Calvin Cycle called the LIR because it DOES NOT requires sunlight The Calvin Cycle has many names! AKA: The Dark Reaction AKA: The Light Independent reaction The purpose of the Calvin Cycle is to create glucose for the plant. Occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast The main reactant of the Calvin Cycle is CO 2 ATP and NADPH created by the LDR fuel the dark reaction The Dark Reaction s main product is glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) ADP & NADP + are created as minor byproducts

13 Photosynthesis Equation Underline Calvin Cycle and the components in the step light 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

14 In Summary Basically During the LIGHT-DEPENDENT reaction, sunlight is converted into ATP and NADPH. During the LIGHT-INDEPENDENT reaction, ATP and NADPH are converted into glucose. Please note: SUNLIGHT is ABSOLUTELY REQUIRED to break down WATER molecules.

15 Honors: Exceptions to typical Photosynthesis C4 plants They keep their stomata (plant cell pores) closed during hot days to reduce water loss This way, they can still absorb carbon dioxide without losing too much water CAM plants Carbon dioxide is only allowed to enter the leaves at night when it is cooler and more humid Carbon dioxide is converted to organic compounds at night and the Calvin cycle occurs during the day

16 DO NOW!!! Work on your Photosynthesis Worksheet. (Page 107) When you are finished work on your redo packet and/or vocabulary.

17 Prime Time Work on Redo Packet Review ATP Notes Work on Other Teacher s Assignments Do not distract others

18 Location? The Light Dependent Reaction What organisms does this occur in? In Summary Complete on your Biochemical Reactions Chart Main Reactants? The Light Dependent Reaction Thylakoid Membrane of the Chloroplast Plants H 2 O and Sunlight Main Products? O 2 Function/Purpose? Load the energy molecules for the Calvin Cycle of Photosynthesis

19 Calvin Cycle Light Independent Reaction Location? Occurs in what organisms? Stroma of the chloroplast Plants Main Reactants? CO 2 Main Products? Function? Glucose Make food for plants

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