TAXONOMIC NOTES ON THE INDIAN TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE (HYMENOPTERA : CHALCIDOIDEA), WITH REDESCRIPTIONS AND RECORDS OF SOME SPECIES

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1 Oriental Insects, Vol. 42: 1 32, TAXONOMIC NOTES ON THE INDIAN TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE (HYMENOPTERA : CHALCIDOIDEA), WITH REDESCRIPTIONS AND RECORDS OF SOME SPECIES MOHAMMAD HAYAT Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh , India mohd_hayat@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT. Notes are provided on the identities of the Indian Trichogrammatidae. Holotypes, paratypes and determined material were examined. Thirteen species are synonymized as follows (senior synonyms in parenthesis). Brachygrammatella indica Khan, Brachygrammatella longiclavata Khan (Brachygrammatella indica Viggiani & Hayat); Brachygrammatella singularis Yousuf & Shafee (Chaetogramma maculata Hayat); Chaetostricha terebrator Yousuf & Shafee; Oligositoides latipennis Yousuf & Shafee (Chaetostricha terebrata (Yousuf & Shafee), comb. nov. from Oligositoides); Mirufens albiscutellum Khan & Shafee, Mirufens magniclavata Khan & Shafee (Mirufens afrangiata Viggiani & Hayat); Mirufens longiclavata Khan & Shafee (Mirufens mangiferae Viggiani & Hayat); Paruscanoidea indica Mani (Pseudobrachysticha semiaurea Girault) Paruscanoidea longiclavata Yousuf & Shafee (Prosoligosita perplexa Hayat & Husain); Ufens angustipennis Yousuf & Shafee (Ufens jaipurensis Yousuf & Shafee); Ufens alami Yousuf & Shafee, Ufens singularis Yousuf & Shafee (Ufens latipennis Yousuf & Shafee). The new combinations proposed are the following: Chaetostricha fumipennis from Oligositoides; Chaetostricha terebrata from Oligositoides; Paracentrobia nephotetticum from Westwoodella; Uscana latipennis from Neolathromera. The following species are considered incertae sedis: Brachygrammatella jaipurensis Yousuf & Shafee, Haeckeliania magniclavata Yousuf & Shafee; Tumidiclava magnicorpa Yousuf & Shafee. Comments are also given on the species, and Oligosita nephotetticum Mani, Paracentrobia nephotetticum (Mani) and Parhispidophila singularis Yousuf & Shafee, are redescribed. Also some species are recorded. Key words: Indian Trichogrammatidae, taxonomic notes, new synonyms. Introduction The family Trichogrammatidae, in spite of many contributions made during the last quarter of the last century, remains very poorly known from India, being represented by 26 genera and a little over a hundred species. During , a large number of trichogrammatids (apart from other chalcidoids) was collected from Himachal Pradesh, Pathankot (Punjab) and Uttar Pradesh. The identification of the Indian species of this family has proved to be difficult in spite of the publications by Yousuf & Shafee (several papers culminating in their review of 1988). It is, therefore, considered essential first to know the status of the described species before identification be done of the recently collected material. The insect collections of the Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University (ZDAMU) have all the holotypes (except of Uscana alami) of the species described by Yousuf & Shafee, Khan, Khan & Shafee and paratypes and determined material of species described by Hayat and others. This made it possible to examine the types and compare with the recently collected specimens. This paper deals with the taxonomic identities of 35 Indian species reviewed/ described in Yousuf & Shafee s (1988) paper, 4 species described after 1988 by these authors, and 3 species described by Mani (1939). The species of Trichogramma, Trichogrammatoidea and Oligosita are not considered, except for one species described by Mani (1939) in the later genus. The genus Paracentrobia, except for one species, is also

2 2 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 not considered in this paper. This genus is being revised for the world species by Mr. Jeremy George, Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside (USA), and the holotypes of the species described by Yousuf & Shafee and additional undetermined material of this genus from the ZDAMU are on loan to him. The study of the types of the species described by Yousuf & Shafee has revealed some inconsistency in the treatment of some species (for instance, one species was described thrice in two different genera); omission of some apparently important characters; generally erroneous figures of the antennae drawn from uncleared or otherwise distorted antennae; and leaving the uncleared body (sometimes head distorted, broken or fragmented) in a drop of balsam without putting on coverslip. The drop of balsam contains, in addition to the holotype, trapped psocids and small acarines. This necessitated redrawing the antenna and part of fore wing in a majority of the species. I do not want to comment on the generic limits of the currently recognized genera and the suprageneric classification of the Trichogrammatidae. Suffice it to say that both are in a confused state. A species is sometimes placed in a genus solely on the basis of the structure of the male genitalia even if the females are structurally similar. There is a classification based on the females and one based on the male genitalia; and there appears to be not much congruence between these two systems (see Pinto, 1997). The following abbreviations are used in the text for the depositories: BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, England. NPCI National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. USNM U.S. National Museum, Washington DC, U.S.A. ZDAMU Insect Collections, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. ZSI Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India. Taxonomic notes Aphelinoidea gwaliorensis Yousuf & Shafee (Figs. 14, 15) Aphelinoidea gwaliorensis Yousuf & Shafee 1985c: ,. Holotype:, India: Gwalior (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, rest of the specimen on the second slide in a drop of balsam. The slides are labelled: 87E Aphelinoidea gwaliorensis sp. n. M. Yousuf 5.xi.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. There are also 9 slides written Paratype (5 slides) and Allotype (4 slides), but these have no type status as the species was described from a single female, the holotype. Comments: This species appears distinct, characterized by a gaster which is longer than the combined lengths of the head and the thorax; the ovipositor originates from base and is shortly but distinctly exserted at apex; and the prominent hypopygium which extends nearly to the apex of the gaster. The gaster in A. longiclavata is not longer than the head and thorax combined and the ovipositor is short and not exserted. The antennal clava, compared to that of A. longiclavata, is shorter and robust, although not as robust as

3 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 3 illustrated in figure 14 which was drawn from a clava pressed due to pressure of the coverslip. The first segment of the clava is partially divided by an incomplete suture. Aphelinoidea longiclavata Yousuf & Shafee (Figs. 16, 17) Aphelinoidea longiclavata Yousuf & Shafee 1988: 105,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon 5 females, the holotype and four paratypes. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna and one fore wing (mounted ventral side up) on a slide under a large coverslip; rest of body (head detached, broken, antenna beyond pedicel detached) on the second slide in a drop of balsam. The slides are labelled: M.Y. 391 Aphelinoidea longiclavata M.Yousuf Aligarh and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. There is a single slide with 3 females in a drop of balsam. The slide labelled M.Y.392 Aphelinoidea longiclavata =391 M. Yousuf Aligarh and a ticket with Paratype written in green ink. The year of collection (1983) might be an error on the part of the authors as the original description says that the paratype has the same data as the holotype. Comments: See under A. gwaliorensis. Brachygrammatella indica Viggiani & Hayat Brachygrammatella (Pseudbrachygramma) indica Viggiani & Hayat, 1974: ,. Holotype:, India: Manmad (ZSI). Paratypes in ZDAMU examined. Also from Aligarh, Jullendar and Tuticorin. Brachygrammatella indica Khan, 1975a: ,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Preoccupied by B. indica Viggiani & Hayat, SYN. NOV. Brachygrammatella aligarhensis Khan, 1976: 392. Replacement name for indica Khan. SYN. NOV. Brachygrammatella longiclavata Khan, 1975b: 635,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Type specimens examined: B. indica: The original description of this species was based upon 3 females and 1 male, holotype female and paratypes. The holotype was in alcohol in a vial. A ticket with correct data was in the vial. The ticket is labelled: No. K- 1b Holotype, Genus: Brachygrammatella Sp.: aligarhensis sp.n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fabr. India, U.P., Aligarh 18.ix.1974 (M.Y. Khan). The color of the specimen has faded due to long preservation in alcohol, and was mounted on slide in balsam (by me in 1995) with the original ticket glued on to the slide. There are also 6 slides with 2 and 1. These slides bear the reference No. K-1b., and labelled Brachygrammatella aligarhensis. These are obviously paratypes although not labelled as such. Two of the slides also have Nom. N. after aligarhensis. It is, therefore, obvious that Khan (1975a) either labelled this species as aligarhensis but published the species as indica (!) or the labelling was done after publication of the replacement name. B. longiclavata: The holotype was in alcohol in a vial. A ticket bearing correct data was in the vial. It is labelled No. K-2 Holotype Genus: Brachygrammatella Sp.: longiclavata sp.n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fabr. India, U.P., Aligarh 18.xi The specimen has deteriorated in alcohol, and was mounted on a slide in balsam (by me in 1995), with the original ticket glued on to the slide.

4 4 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 There are also 5 slides with 2 and 1, bearing the same reference number and name, but without paratype designation. Comments: Both B. aligarhensis Khan and B. longiclavata Khan are indistinguishable from B. indica Viggiani & Hayat. All these so called species were reared from eggs of Oxyranchis tarandus. The key characters and the figures of fore wings given by Khan (1975a, b) and by Yousuf & Shafee (1988: Figs. 21 C, F) are totally incorrect. In the holotypes and paratypes of both the species the marginal fringe is absent along anterior and apical margins by the fore wing, with very short (likely to be overlooked) fringe along posterior margin. Hence, I have placed these two species in synonymy with B. indica Viggiani & Hayat. Brachygrammatella jaipurensis Yousuf & Shafee. Species incertae sedis Brachygrammatella jaipurensis Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: ,. Holotype:, India: Jaipur (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides, both labelled: 452 Brachygrammatella jaipurensis sp.n. M. Yousuf, Jaipur, 15.xi and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. As usual one slide has one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; the body (head detached and partly crushed) in a drop of balsam on the second slide. Non-type specimen examined: One female on a slide with the following data: M.Y.R.A. 612 Brachygrammatella jaipurensis Yousuf & Shafee, Muzaffar Nagar, 29.ix.1990 M. Yousuf. The slide has one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, and rest of body (head partly damaged, antenna and wing missing) in a drop of balsam on the same slide. Comments: The antenna (uncleared) is flattened and distorted, with F1 partly overlapping F2, thus leading Yousuf & Shafee (1988) to believe that the funicle is partly divided. I cannot locate the other antenna on the second slide. Otherwise, the elongated gaster with its long ovipositor, and the sparsely setose marginal vein make the species distinct from indica. The additional specimen from Muzaffar Nagar (Uttar Pradesh) appears to have been correctly determined as jaipurensis by M. Yousuf. In the holotype and the Muzaffar Nagar specimen the antenna appears to lack a funicle, and the clava appears to be 3- segmented. I am, therefore, not sure whether this species belongs in Brachygrammatella or in some other genus (near Aphelinoidea!). Chaetogramma hisarensis Yousuf & Shafee Chaetogramma hisarensis Yousuf & Shafee, 1993b: 49 50,. India, Hisar (ZDAMU), presumed Holotype examined. single female, the holotype. The presumed holotype is on a slide in a drop of balsam, with one antenna and a fragment of fore wing under a larger coverslip on the same slide. The head is partly damaged and I can not locate the second antenna. The slide is labelled: M.Y.R.A 707 Chaetogramma hisarensis sp.n. Near Mini Secretariate Hisar M. Yousuf 26.iii.1991 There is no holotype designation, but as the name and the data agree with the

5 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 5 published data, I have considered it as the holotype and labelled it as Holotype det. M. Hayat 2007 in my handwriting. Comments: This species appears to be distinct by the characters given by Yousuf & Shafee (1993b), mainly antenna with F2 longer than F1. Chaetogramma (Chaetogrammina) maculata Hayat (Figs. 12, 13) Chaetogramma (Chaetogrammina) maculata Hayat, 1981: 74 75,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (BMNH). Paratypes in ZDAMU examined. Brachygrammatella singularis Yousuf & Shafee, 1985c: 305,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Chaetogramma singularis (Yousuf & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 123, 125. Type specimen examined: B. singularis: The original description of this species was based upon a single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides, both labelled 342 Chaetogramma singularis sp.n. M. Akbar, Aligarh, 26.III.1985 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. One slide has one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; the second slide has rest of the body (head damaged) in a drop of balsam. To see the antenna clearly I have remounted the antenna on the same slide under a small piece of coverslip. It is obvious that the labelling was done after the transfer of this species to Chaetogramma. There are also two slides with parts of 2 females and both are labelled Paratype. But as the species was described from a single female, these paratypes have no taxonomic status, although they may have been correctly determined. Comments: The figure of antenna given by Yousuf & Shafee (1985c) and repeated in Yousuf & Shafee (1988: Fig. 21. I) was drawn from an antenna (of the holotype) pressed due to pressure of the coverslip. The other antenna found along with the rest of the body on the second slide (remounted by me) is illustrated in Figure 12. The slight differences that are noticed fall within the range of variation of this species as I am able to confirm from study of the paratype of maculata and 2 females collected in Aligarh in I have, therefore, no hesitation in placing singularis in synonymy with maculata. Chaetostricha fumipennis (Yousuf & Shafee), comb. nov. (Figs. 38, 39) Oligositoides fumipennis Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 139,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon 6 females and 2 males, the holotype female and paratypes. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, the second slide with rest of body (head detached) in a drop of balsam. Both the slides are labelled: 390 Oligositoides fumipennis sp.n. M. Yousuf Aligarh 4.v.1985 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. There are 6 slides each labelled Paratype in green ink with data as for the holotype, but bearing different numbers (412, 560, 394, 530, 531), containing 2 and 3 (not 5, 2 as given in the original description). Because of the way these specimens were mounted, it is likely to confuse the sex of the specimen! Comments: This species appears to be very close to C. magniclavata, differing, as far as can be judged from the uncleared specimens, in the slightly more robust antennal funicle and clava. Otherwise study of fresh and properly mounted specimens may eventually prove these species to be synonymous.

6 6 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 Chaetostricha magniclavata Yousuf & Shafee (Fig. 40) Chaetostricha magniclavata Yousuf & Shafee 1988: 119,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon 5 females and 1 male, the holotype female, and paratypes. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and a fore wing under a large coverslip, and the second slide with rest of the body (minus one antenna) in a drop of balsam. The slides are labelled: 397A Chaetostricha magniclavata sp.n. M. Yousuf Aligarh 25.v.1985 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. There are also 4 slides, each labelled Paratype bearing numbers 401 (one slide), 409 (two slides) and 410 (one slide) containing 3 and 1, all collected in Aligarh on (401), (409) and (410). But as the original publication says that the paratypes (4, 1 ) have the same data as for holotype, I think that the authors overlooked the collection dates of these specimens. Comments: See under C. fumipennis. Chaetostricha terebrata (Yousuf & Shafee), comb. nov. (Figs ) Oligositoides terebratus Yousuf & Shafee, 1984c: 369,. Holotype:, India: Gudur (ZDAMU), examined. Chaetostricha terebrator Yousuf & Shafee 1985b ,. Holotype:, India: Meerut (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Oligositoides latipennis Yousuf & Shafee 1988: 139, 141,. Holotype:, India: Pondicherry (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Type specimens examined: Oligositoides terebratus: The original description of this species was based upon a single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one fore wing under a large coverslip, rest of body on a second slide under a drop of balsam (I have now put a small coverslip on this specimen). Both the slides are labelled 130 Oligositoides terebratus sp.n., M. Yousuf 30.i.1984 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. Chaetostricha terebrator: The original description of this species was based upon a single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; rest of body on the second slide in a drop of balsam. The slides are labelled 102T Chaetostricha terebrator Meerut M. Yousuf 15.xi.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. There are also 6 slides, two labelled paratype (1 female) four labelled Allotype (3 males, 1 female), but these have no standing as the species was described from a single female, the holotype. Oligositoides latipennis: The original description of this species was based upon a single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, the second slide with rest of body in a drop of balsam. Both slides are labelled: 168 Oligositoides latipennis sp.n. M. Yousuf Pondicherry 20.ii.1984 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. Comments: The description of a single species thrice and in two separate genera by Yousuf & Shafee, is unexplainable. They have, as indicated elsewhere, used uncleared specimens, and in an uncleared antenna it is difficult to see the first funicle segment as it

7 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 7 is ring-like and adpressed with the base of the second segment (see figures 32, 34, and 36 drawn from the holotypes of the three species). The relative dimensions of F1 and F2 combined varies in the species. Also the ovipositor is strongly exserted in all the three species (Figs. 33, 35, 37). I have, therefore, no hesitation in considering these three species as synonymous. Haeckeliania magniclavata Yousuf & Shafee. Species incertae sedis Haeckeliania magniclavata Yousuf & Shafee, 1984b: 36,. Holotype:, India: Uttar Pradesh, Chandausi (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and both fore wings under a large coverslip; rest of body (head detached, broken into pieces and the antenna missing), in a drop of balsam on the second slide. Both slides labelled: 116T Haeckeliania magniclavata sp. n. M. Yousuf Chandausi 25.xi.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. Comments: This species can not be Haeckeliania as the clava has only long setae, not forward-curving spines (actually the extensions of the longitudinal sensilla). As the antenna on slide is uncleared and not properly mounted and the second antenna is missing, I can not give a firm opinion on this species. Genus Lathromeroidea Girault The genus is characterized by a 5-segmented elongate-oval antennal clava, without a terminal rod-like projection, and the convergence of the setal lines (vein tracts) at the base. The genus contains 7 species (3 Australian, 1 Palearctic, 1 Nearctic and 3 Oriental), of which two species, L. angustipennis and L. ajmerensis were described from India by Yousuf & Shafee (1984c;1988) and L. nigrella Girault was recorded by them from India. I have found several specimens in ZDAMU collection determined as nigrella by Yousuf & Shafee (1988), but am not sure whether these specimens were correctly identified. One of the species, L. angustipennis Yousuf & Shafee (1988) appears to be conspecific with nigrella specimens determined by these authors. The second species, L. ajmerensis has the ovipositor relatively longer, more than 2x as long as mid tibia, and undoubtedly represents a species different from angustipennis and nigrella sensu Yousuf & Shafee. I have with me several specimens (both males and females) of possibly two species belonging to ajmerensis and angustipennis/ nigrella. But I have not seen the types of nigra Girault (1912), nigrella Girault (1912) and domestica Girault (1920) and, therefore, can not provide a definite opinion on the three species recorded from India. Lathromeroidea ajmerensis Yousuf & Shafee Lathromeroidea ajmerensis Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 160, 162,. Holotype:, India: Ajmer ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; the body on the second slide under a drop of balsam. Both the slides are labelled: 476 Lathromeroidea ajmerensis sp.n. M. Yousuf Ajmer 18.xi.1985 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. For comments see above under the genus.

8 8 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 Lathromeroidea angustipennis (Yousuf & Shafee) (Figs. 49, 50) Zaga angustipennis Yousuf & Shafee, 1984c: 367,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Lathromeroidea angustipennis (Yousuf & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 160, 162. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on a slide; the fore wings separated and the body laterally mounted, both under a single large coverslip. The slide is labelled: 94 T Lathromeroidea angustipennis from Zaga angustipennis M. Yousuf Aligarh 10.x.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. The species name was written after it was transferred to Lathromeroidea from Zaga (!). Comments: The specimen was obviously in alcohol for several months before it was mounted on slide, hence the body color has faded to yellowish brown, and the wings have become translucent and lost the basal infuscation. The original description and figures (Yousuf & Shafee, 1984c: Fig. A and B, reproduced as Fig. 32 J and K by Yousuf & Shafee, 1988) and the key characters given by Yousuf & Shafee (1988) are incorrect. The fore wing with basal vein track (of 3 setae) present and the marginal fringe slightly longer than one-third (not about one-fourth) of wing width (18: 6.5), and clearly not much different from the specimen identified as nigrella Girault by Yousuf & Shafee (1988). The ovipositor is longer than mid tibia (26:14), about 1.85x as long as mid tibia. The antennal clava is illustrated in figure 50 to show that the original figure given by Yousuf & Shafee (1984c) is erroneous. That of nigrella sensu Yousuf & Shafee is also illustrated in figure 52 to show that the clava is 5-segmented, and not 6-segmented as noted in the key to species given by Yousuf & Shafee (1988). Genus Mirufens Girault The transfer of the Indian species described in Mirufens to Ufens Girault by Yousuf & Shafee (1988) is unexplainable. The types of these species of Mirufens are characterized by the presence of short spine-like projections on the outer margins of the fore tibiae; the maxillary palps are 2-segmented and the pedicels have transverse microcrenulate ridges. Hence these species are re-transferred to their original combinations. For comments on the 6 species described in Ufens by Yousuf & Shafee (1988), refer to that genus in the present paper. Key to Indian species of Mirufens, females 1. Gaster elongate conical, longer than head and thorax combined; ovipositor long, arising from base of gaster, and at least 2x (usually slightly more) as long as hind tibia; fore wing with marginal fringe present...2 _- Gaster not elongate, about as long as head and thorax combined; ovipositor shorter, about 1.5x as long as hind tibia; fore wing with marginal fringe absent F1 elongate cylindrical, about 1.5x as long as broad; F2 subquadratic; marginal vein as long as stigmal vein..longifuniculata Viggiani & Hayat _ F1 and F2 broader than long, F1 may be quadratic, but always at least slightly longer than F2; marginal vein shorter than stigmal vein...mangiferae Viggiani & Hayat 3. F1 somewhat shorter than F2; F2 provided with long setae as on claval segments; femora and tibiae yellow... afrangiata Viggiani & Hayat _ F1 and F2 subequal in length; F2 with short setae; femora and largely hind tibiae brown to dark brown...brevifuniculata Khan & Shafee

9 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 9 Mirufens afrangiata Viggiani & Hayat Mirufens (Trachocera) afrangiata Viggiani & Hayat, 1974: ,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZSI). Determined material in ZDAMU examined. Mirufens albiscutellum Khan & Shafee, 1977: 32,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Mirufens magniclavata Khan & Shafee, 1977: 32 34,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Ufens afrangiata (Viggiani & Hayat): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 72, 75. Ufens albiscutellum (Khan & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 73, 77. Ufens magniclavata (Khan & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 73, 80. Type specimens examined: M. albiscutellum: The original description of this species was based upon 3 females (Holotype and 2 paratypes). The holotype was in alcohol in a vial with a ticket labelled: Ref. No. 42B, Holotype, Genus: Mirufens Sp.: albiscutellum sp.n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fabr. India, U.P., Aligarh 10.x.1975 (M.Y. Khan). There are 4 slides with parts of two females. The slides bear the same reference number and name, but are not designated as paratypes. But as the figures drawn by Khan & Shafee were from these slide-mounted parts, I regard these as paratypes. The holotype has deteriorated due to long preservation in alcohol. Therefore, I have mounted it on a slide in balsam. The original ticket is glued on to the slide. M. magniclavata: The original description of this species was based upon a holotype and a paratype, both females. The holotype was in alcohol in a vial with a ticket labelled: Ref. No. K-1D, Holotype,, Genus: Mirufens sp.: magniclavata sp. n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fabr. India, U.P., Aligarh 10.x.1975 (M.Y.Khan). There are two slides containing one female. The slides bear the same reference number and the name, but there is no type designation. But as the figures given by Khan & Shafee were drawn from these slide-mounted parts, I consider these as paratype parts. The holotype has deteriorated due to long preservation in alcohol. Therefore, I have mounted it on a slide in balsam, and the original ticket is glued on to the slide. Comments: In spite of the so-called differences noted in the key to species by Khan & Shafee (1977: p.35), the marginal fringe in both albiscutellum and magniclavata are absent, and both these species have F2 with long setae and the segment is slightly longer than F1, and hence the above synonymies. Mirufens brevifuniculata Khan & Shafee Mirufens brevifuniculata Khan & Shafee, 1977: 31 32,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. Ufens brevifuniculata (Khan & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 73, 78. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon 9 females (holotype and 8 paratypes). The holotype was in alcohol in a vial with a ticket labelled: Ref. No. 42 A, Holotype, Genus: Mirufens Sp.: brevifuniculata sp.n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fabr. India, U.P., Aligarh 10.x.1975 (M.Y. Khan). There are 3 slides with parts of 2 females, bearing the same name and reference number, but not designated as paratypes. But as the figures given by Khan & Shafee were drawn from these slide-mounted parts, I consider these parts as paratypes. The holotype has deteriorated due to long preservation in alcohol. I have, therefore, mounted it on slide in balsam, and the original ticket is glued on to the slide.

10 10 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 Comments: This species appears distinct from M. afrangiata Viggiani & Hayat (1974) in having F1 and F2 subequal in lengths, and absence of long setae on F2; otherwise it is very close to M. afrangiata. Mirufens mangiferae Viggiani & Hayat Mirufens (Trachocera) mangiferae Viggiani & Hayat, 1974: ,. Holotype:, India: Kancheepuram (ZSI). Determined material in ZDAMU examined. [Also from Aligarh]. Mirufens longiclavata Khan & Shafee, 1977: 34,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Ufens mangiferae (Viggiani & Hayat): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 72, 73. Ufens longiclavata (Khan & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 73, 77. Type specimens examined: M. longiclavata: The original description of this species was based on a holotype and two paratypes, all females. The holotype was in alcohol in a vial with a ticket labelled: Ref. No. 236A, Holotype,. Genus: Mirufens Sp.: longiclavata sp.n. and Host: Oxyrachis tarandus Fab. India, U.P., Aligarh 10.x.1975 (M.Y. Khan). There are also 4 slides containing two females. All these slides bear the name of the species and reference number 236, but are not designated paratypes. The figures given by Khan & Shafee were drawn from these slide-mounted parts, and hence these are to be regarded as paratypes. The holotype has deteriorated due to long preservation in alcohol. Therefore I have mounted it on slide in balsam under a small piece of coverslip. The original ticket is glued on to the slide. Comments: I failed to find any differences between longiclavata and mangiferae. The so- called differences noted in the key by Khan & Shafee (1977) are actually a misinterpretation of the characters given by Viggiani & Hayat (1974), and hence the synonymy. The figure of the antenna (their Fig.11) was drawn from a dried antenna and hence the clava looks elongate. Neocentrobiella terebrator Yousuf & Shafee (Fig. 46) Neocentrobiella terebrator Yousuf & Shafee, 1985a: 31. Holotype:, India: Agra (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one fore wing and one antenna on one slide under a large coverslip; rest of body, with the antenna distorted, between two coverslip pieces on the second slide. Both the slides are labelled: 78D Neocentrobiella terebrator M. Yousuf Agra 4.xi.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. Comments: The antennae have 2 anelli (Fig. 46) (not one as noted by the authors and illustrated). The ovipositor appears to arise from basal third (not base as in viggianii Hayat), but whether the second volvifers are as enormously enlarged as in viggianii can not be made out in the uncleared holotype. Oligosita nephotetticum Mani (Figs ) Oligosita nephotetticum Mani, 1939: 92,. Holotype:, India: Bihar: Pusa (NPCI), examined. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon 3 females, the holotype and paratypes. The holotype is on a slide under a large, circular coverslip. The slide has four tickets labelled: Oligosita nephotetticum Mani,, 12.ix.1916 Parasite on eggs of Nephotettix bipunctatus on rice Pusa C.S.Misra.,

11 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 11 HOLOTYPE [printed label], and NPC(E)HYM70. The specimen was mounted with ventre facing upwards. There are two paratypes, each on one slide under a large, circular coverslip. Both have the same data as the holotype, but printed labels, PARATYPE and accession numbers NPC(E)HYM71 and NPC(E)HYM72. The paratypes are conspecific with the holotype. This species is redescribed as the original description was too brief and insufficient for recognition of the species. Female: Length, 0.57mm. Head dark brown; thorax with pronotum and pleura dark brown; mid lobe of mesoscutum brownish with sides, posterior fourth and a median longitudinal streak, yellow; side lobes, axillae, scutellum, metanotum, and propodeum medially (mesad of spiracles) yellow; sides of propodeum dark brown; gaster yellow, with dark brown bands as follows: a broad cross-band in basal half of TI, TII and TIII with narrow cross-bands, TIV with the cross-band broader than that on TIII, TV-TVII largely, but apex of TVII white. Antennal scape pallid, pedicel and flagellum pale brown. Wings hyaline; fore wing with small infuscation attached to apex of stigmal vein and another to base of parastigma (=premarginal vein). Legs: coxae, outer surface basally of hind trochanters, fore and mid femora except base narrowly and apical fourths or so, and hind femora dark brown; tibiae, except bases and apices, pale brown; the excepted parts pallid; tarsal segment 3 of all legs dark brown; segments 1 and 2 of fore tarsi brown, 1 and 2 of hind tarsi pale brown, 1 and 2 of mid tarsi pallid. Structural details as illustrated in figures 56 60, but the following may be noted: Head dorsum about 2.6x as broad as long; frontovertex nearly 2x as broad as an eye width; ocellar triangle with apical angle obtuse, posterior ocellar line about 1.5x of ocello-ocular line; eyes, with the head in profile, broadest at upper third with posterior margin strongly concave; malar space very short, less than one-quarter of eye length (Figs. 56, 58). Mandible 3-dentate, middle and upper teeth rounded. Antenna as in Fig. 57; funicle segment at most as long as broad, slightly narrower than first segment of clava. Thorax with setation normal for the genus: mid lobe, 1+1; each side lobe, 1; each axilla, 1; scutellum, 1+1; posterior margin of propodeum medially slightly convex, medial length nearly 2x of medial length of metanotum. Fore and hind wings as in Figs. 59 and 60. [Figure of the fore wing was drawn from a wing whose blade is slightly tilted.] Gaster 1.6x-1.8x as long as thorax, and about a quarter as long as head and thorax combined; ovipositor (slightly tilted) 3.71x-3.85x as long as third valvula. [Ovipositor 1.36x-1.42x as long as mid tibia, and 1.2x-1.32x as long as hind tibia.] Male: Not recorded by Mani (1939), but Yousuf & Shafee s collection in the ZDAMU contains some apparently conspecific, but badly mounted, males. Comments: Apart from the brief, but nearly correct, original description, O. nephotetticum, to my knowledge, was recorded by Yousuf & Shafee (1984a; 1988). I found a large number of specimens (about 200) on slides in ZDAMU, determined as nephotetticum by Yousuf, and collected from localities in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarkhand, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan States. But these are a mixture of at least 4 species including Mani s species. As all these specimens are in drops of balsam without coverslips, it is not possible to confirm the determination.

12 12 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 Oligosita nephotetticum belongs to a group of species characterized by the funicle segment being quadrate or broader than long; large eyes which narrow ventrally; very short malar space; fore wing blade with numerous setae; hind wing very narrow with a single line of dorsal setae; and propodeum medially with a slightly convex (not triangular) posterior margin. Oligositoides gudurensis Yousuf & Shafee Oligositoides gudurensis Yousuf & Shafee, 1984c: ,. Holotype:, India: Gudur (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype on a slide in a drop of balsam, with one antenna and one fore wing removed and is left in the same drop of balsam. The slide is labelled: 132 Oligositoides gudurensis sp.n. M. Yousuf Gudur 30.i.1984 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. Comments: This species is misplaced in Oligositoides. It belongs to Paracentrobia and a possible senior synonym of P. brevifringiata Yousuf & Shafee (1988). However, as the genus Paracentrobia is being revised by Mr. J. George of the University of California, Riverside U.S.A., I leave this species to his final decision. Paracentrobia nephotetticum (Mani), comb. nov. (Figs ) Westwoodella nephotetticum Mani, 1939: 92-93,. Holotype:, India: Orissa: Balasore (NPCI), examined. Oligosita manii Viggiani, 1981: 126. Replacement name for W. nephotetticum Mani, 1939, considered preoccupied by O. nephotetticum Mani, SYN. NOV. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on a slide under a large, circular coverslip. The head is detached, partly broken, with one scape and pedicel and another scape located near the head; one flagellum and parts of legs are near the margin of the coverslip; rest of the body is mounted ventro-laterally. The slide has the following tickets labelled: Westwoodella nephotetticum M.S.Mani, October 1915 Parasite on eggs of Nephotettix bipunctatus on rice Balasore B8 Orissa C.S.Misra, HOLOTYPE [a printed label], and NPC(E)HYM107. This species is redescribed as the original description is very brief and largely erroneous. Female: Head golden yellow; pronotum with collar and anterior margin broadly dark brown, middle area yellow; mesothoracic dorsum, metanotum and propodeum golden yellow [mid lobe probably lightly infuscate brown anteriorly]; mesepisternum anterior and posterior margins in upper halves, upper margin of mesepimeron, and lower margin of metapleuron, dark brown; rest of pleura golden yellow; gaster yellow, with dark brown bands or spots as follows: a large spot (probably medially connected by pale brown) on each side of TI; TII-TV with wide bands; TVI with a large spot on each side; TVII with a large spot except apex which is white; posterior half or so of TI-TIII yellow or appear yellow as the terga are slightly distended. Scape pale; pedicel dark brown; color of funicle and clava faded and claval segments slightly pressed. Wings hyaline; fore wing with an infuscate band as in Fig. 55. Legs: fore and mid legs, including coxae, pallid to white; fore coxae basally brownish; hind coxae and femora except distal ends, dark brown; hind tibiae, except white bases, pale brownish yellow; fore tarsi pale yellow brown, mid and hind tarsi pale yellow to white.

13 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 13 Antenna with a 2-segmented funicle (Fig. 54). Fore wing 2.91x as long as broad; marginal fringe one-third of wing width. Ovipositor: hind tibia, 28:15. Comments: Mani s (1939) brief description is nearly completely erroneous. The pedicel is about 0.5x of scape length, and the funicle is 2-segmented and both segments combined may be as long as broad. This species belongs to Paracentrobia, and may eventually prove to be a senior synonym of P. garuda Subba Rao (1974). As the species was described in Westwoodella, a synonym of Oligosita, Viggiani (1981) while transferring this species to Oligosita proposed a replacement name, O. manii since Westwoodella nephotetticum is preoccupied in Oligosita by nephotetticum Mani (1939). As the study of the holotype has shown that W. nephotetticum belongs in Paracentrobia, the original name is restored and the replacement name is considered its synonym. Paratrichogramma nigricorpa Yousuf & Shafee Paratrichogramma nigricorpa Yousuf & Shafee 1992: 54 55,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (ZDAMU), presumed holotype examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, and rest of body (head detached) in a drop of balsam on the second slide. These slides are labelled: M.Y.R.A. 588 Paratrichogramma nigricorpa sp.n. M. Yousuf, Quila Road, Aligarh 30.vi [ nigricorpa written with pencil]. There is no holotype designations on the slides, but the data and the figures agree with that given in the original publication. Therefore, I have considered these slide mounted parts as that of the holotype and labelled as such in my handwriting. Comments: The specimen was in alcohol before being put in a drop of balsam. A few errors in the original description are corrected. The head is yellow, but the thorax and sides of gaster are dark brown; gaster dorsum appears pale brown; coxae and hind femora are brown. Radicle, scape except distal fourth or so, pedicel and clava dark brown, F1 pale brown. There are apparently 2 anelli; the second anellus adpressed with base of F1. Fore wing strongly infuscate under venation, the infuscation extending a little beyond apex of venation on disc. The ovipositor originates from about basal third of gaster. This species appear distinct from P. giraulti Hayat & Shujauddin. Paratrichogramma quilonensis Yousuf & Shafee Paratrichogramma quilonensis Yousuf & Shafee 1988: 84 85,. Holotype:, India: Quilon (ZDAMU), examined. single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with one antenna beyond scape, and one fore wing with basal third missing and blade folded, under a large coverslip, and rest of body with head detached in a drop of balsam on the second slide. Both the slides are labelled: 163 Paratrichogramma quilonensis sp.n. M. Yousuf Quilon 28.ii.1984 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. The antenna on slide is pressed and damaged, but the one (in a drop of balsam) on the second slide is fairly visible. Comments: P. quilonensis appears to be extremely close to, if not a synonym of, the type species, P. cinderella Girault [Compare Fig. 7 D-F given by Yousuf & Shafee (1988) with that given by Doutt & Viggiani (1968: Fig. 6. A & B)].

14 14 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 Genus Parhispidophila Yousuf & Shafee Parhispidophila Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 136. Type species Parhispidophila singularis Yousuf & Shafee, by monotypy and original designation. The original diagnosis of the genus is too brief to identify the genus, and the species description is partly erroneous and incomplete. Therefore, a rediagnosis of the genus is given and the species is redescribed, based on the types and the recently collected specimens (one female, two males; see under Records of species in this paper). Female: Frontovertex more than 2x as broad as an eye; antennal toruli placed higher on face, distance between mouth margin to a torulus one-fourth greater than distance from a torulus to eye margin; inter-torular distance one-third of torulus mouth margin distance; malar sulcus present. Mandible with two sharp teeth and two blunt, rounded teeth (Fig. 63). Maxillary palp unsegmented. Antennal formula, 1,1,2,3, with 2 anelli; first funicle segment (F1) scale-like, adpressed with one side of base of F2; F2 twisted ; F2 and clava with prominent longitudinal sensilla, and clava with long, hyaline setae (Fig. 61). Thorax robust and compact; pronotum medially divided; axillae advanced, large and with posterior extensions (=postaxilla); propodeum medially subequal in length to metanotum. Fore wing (Fig. 62) broad, with RS1 present; discal setae arranged in lines, 9 lines of dorsal setae and 9 lines of ventral setae; costal cell with one prominent seta at basal third, and a line of dorsal setae distally; submarginal vein with one seta; parastigma (=premarginal vein) with 2 setae, and 2 setae behind parastigma; marginal vein longer than stigmal vein or parastigma. Hind wing with apex narrowly rounded; disc with 3 lines of short setae; marginal fringe shorter than wing width. Legs: fore and mid femora with fine sculpture of longitudinal lines; hind femora with raised cellulate-reticulate sculpture; mid tibiae with long setae (bristles?) along dorsal margins. Gaster not longer than head and thorax combined; TVII short; ovipositor originates from about basal third of gaster and not exserted at apex. Male: Similar to female in nearly all the characters except for the genitalia. Genitalia (Fig. 67) with phallobase nearly cylindrical, base rounded, apex provided with inwardly curving hooked digiti, aedeagus with a deep notch. Comments: The relationships of this genus are not very clear. It appears related most closely to Ufens Girault and Zagella Girault. The discal setation is about as in Ufens, but the venation and the similarity between the female and the male antennae relate Parhispidophila with Zagella. However, the structure of the male genitalia is quite different from the genitalia in these two genera. In the absence of males, it is impossible to separate Parhispidophila from either Ufens or Zagella. (See Doutt & Viggiani, 1968; Triapitsyn, 2003, for comments on the characters of Ufens and Zagella; Viggiani, 1985, for male genitalia in Zagella floridae Viggiani.) Parhispidophila singularis Yousuf & Shafee (Figs ) Parhispidophila singularis Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 137,. Holotype:, India: Haryana: Gurgaon, Punhana (ZDAMU), examined. [Paratype from Aligarh]. Type specimens examined: The original description of this species was based upon two females, the holotype and the paratype. The holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; rest of body (head detached, broken, antenna missing) in a drop of balsam on the second slide. Both the slides are la-

15 2008 Hayat: On Indian Trichogrammatidae 15 belled: 176 Parhispidophila singularis gen. et sp. n. A.K.Chishti Punhana 1.x.1984, and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. The paratype is on one slide; one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip; and one complete specimen (minus one antenna beyond pedicel) in a drop of balsam. Thus the fore wing present under the large coverslip is definitely not from the paratype. The slide is labelled: 396B Parhispidophila singularis M. Yousuf Aligarh 28.vi.1985, and a ticket with Paratype written in green ink. Redescription: The body of the holotype (head detached) and paratype are both laterally mounted, and the color of the paratype and some extent that of the holotype has faded. Therefore, the redescription of female is largely based upon the recently collected specimen. Female: Body dark brown except for whitish vertex, pronotum, scutellum, petiole, and TVII of gaster; side lobes of mesoscutum posteriorly (narrow part) pale brown. Antenna dark brown, except pale brown-yellow distal third or so of scape and whitish third segment of clava. Wings hyaline; fore wing with a small infuscate patch attached to apex of stigmal vein; parastigma and distal half of marginal vein dark, proximal half of marginal vein white; stigmal vein brown. Legs, including coxae, dark brown, except paler (whitish) apices of femora, bases and apices of tibiae and all tarsal segments. Body strongly sculptured, sculpture mainly consisting of raised longitudinally or transversely oriented ridge-like lines. Vertex with transversely elongate reticulate; frons and face with oblique or longitudinally lineolate-reticulate sculpture; mid lobe of mesoscutum, axillae and scutellum with raised lineolate-reticulate sculpture; propodeum medially with transversely oriented lines, but sides with irregularly raised reticulate; gastral terga 1-5 (TI-TV) with longitudinally lineolate-reticulate sculpture, but sides of terga with cellulate-reticulate sculpture; TI medially with obliquely lineolate sculpture; TVI with sculpture fine; TVII smooth. Vertex with strong, short bristles; a line of setae adjacent to each eye margin; face with about 8 pairs of fine setae; the space above clypeus and below toruli with 5 pairs of setae; clypeus with 4 long, fine setae; eyes with sparse, transparent setae, each seta not longer than diameter of a facet. Thoracic dorsum with setae as follows: pronotal collar, 5+5; mid lobe, 2+2; each axilla, 1; each side lobe, 2; scutellum, 2+2; each side of propodeum, 3. Gastral terga with setae as follows: TI, 3+3; TII, ; TIII, 4+4; TIV, ; TV, a line of about 10; TVI, 3+3; TVII, 4. Mouth margin as in Fig. 63. Antenna as in Fig. 61. Fore wing (Fig. 62) less than 2x as long as broad; venation with a distinct break between parastigma and marginal vein. Hind wing about 7.5x as long as broad, with marginal fringe shorter than wing width (16:22). Ovipositor about 1.25x as long as mid tibia, with third valvula very short, about one-tenth of ovipositor length or less than 0.5x of mid basitarsus (9:81:22). Male: Similar to female in nearly all characters, except for the following: Antenna with second and third segments of clava white; fore wing with a light infuscation on disc below stigmal vein; TVI also nearly smooth. Genitalia (Fig. 67) with phallobase less than 0.5x of mid tibial length (31:64). Antennae, apex of gaster and part of fore wing are illustrated in Figs , 68, and 69. Prosoligosita meerutensis Yousuf & Shafee Prosoligosita meerutensis Yousuf & Shafee 1993a: 29 30,. Holotype:, India: Meerut: Kharkhoda (ZDAMU), presumed holotype examined.

16 16 Oriental Insects Vol. 42 single female, the holotype. The presumed holotype is on two slides; one slide with one antenna and one fore wing under a large coverslip, and rest of the body on the second slide in a drop of balsam. Both slides bear no species name and no holotype designation, but the data and the specimen agree with the description and figure given by Yousuf & Shafee, except that the fore wing is slightly different. The slides are labelled: M.Y.R.A. 642 Prosoligosita sp.n. Kharkhoda Distt. Meerut. 29.ix.1990 M. Yousuf. [There is no species name on the ticket.] I consider this specimen as the holotype as the figure of the antenna, the description and the data agree with that given in the original publication. Therefore, I have labelled the slide as Prosoligosita meerutensis Yousuf & Shafee, Holotype. Det. M. Hayat Prosoligosita perplexa Hayat & Husain (Figs. 30, 31) Prosoligosita perplexa Hayat & Husain, 1981: 81,. Holotype:, India: Aligarh (BMNH). Paratypes in ZDAMU examined. Paruscanoidea longiclavata Yousuf & Shafee, 1984b: 35 36,. Holotype:, India: Moradabad (ZDAMU), examined. SYN. NOV. Hayatia longiclavata (Yousuf & Shafee): Yousuf & Shafee, 1988: 168. Type specimen examined: Paruscanoidea longiclavata: The original description of this species was based upon a single female, the holotype. The holotype is on two slides; one with both antennae (one without scape) and one fore wing under a large coverslip, the rest of the body fragmented, and on a second slide in a large drop of balsam. Both the slides are labelled: No. 123T Hayatia longiclavata (Yousuf & Shafee) from Parascanoidea M. Yousuf. Moradabad 22.xi.1983 and a ticket with Holotype written in red ink. It is obvious that the slides were labelled after the species was transferred to Hayatia from Paruscanoidea. Comments: The figure of the antenna given by Yousuf & Shafee (1984b) is erroneous. The clava is 4-segmented, the second segment shorter than the first (Fig. 30). The study of the holotype of P. longiclavata leaves no doubt that it is a synonym of P. perplexa. Pseudobrachysticha semiaurea Girault (Figs ) Pseudobrachysticha semiaurea Girault, 1915: 233,. Philippines: Los Banos (USNM), not examined. Paruscanoidea indica Mani, 1939: 91,. India: Bihar, Pusa (NPCI), examined. SYN. NOV. Pseudobrachysticha semiaurea Girault: Gahan 1922: 21 23,. India: Bihar: Pusa, redescription. Pseudobrachysticha indica (Mani): Hayat & Subba Rao, 1986: 201. Type specimens examined: Paruscanoidea indica: The Holotype, Allotype and Paratypes, in all 6 females and 10 males, as stated by Mani (1939) are on a single slide under a large coverslip. The data on the slide agrees with that given by Mani (1939). There is no marking on the slide to indicate which one is the holotype and the allotype among the 6 females and 10 males. Comments: Pseudobrachysticha semiaurea was recorded from India (Bihar, Pusa) by Gahan (1922) from material reared from the eggs of Hilda bengalensis by T.B. Fletcher. Gahan identified the species after comparing the specimens with the types present in the U.S. National Museum, Washington D.C., and redescribed the species in considerable details. Yousuf & Shafee (1988) have not included this genus in their key to the Indian genera.