BIOLOGY 262, FALL 1998 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 1)

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1 Name BIOLOGY 262, FALL 1998 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 1) Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20 points, 2 points each) 1. Which of the following is a sphincter that is made of voluntary muscle? Cardiac Pyloric c. Esophageal d. Ileocecal e. None of the above (all are involuntary) 2. Which of the following is NOT part of the kidney? Pelvis. Medull c. Corpus. d. Cortex. e. None of the above (all are part of the kidney) 6. Which system prepares the body for activity or stressful activity? sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system c. limbic nervous system d. paralimbic nervous system e. None of the above (none prepare the body for action or stress) 7. What is part of the brain is also part of the endocrine system? cerebrum thalamus c. hypothalamus d. midbrain e. medulla oblongata 3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system? removal of bacteria and viruses from plasma removal of plasma from the tissues c. removal of nitrogenous waste from plasma d. transport fats from the jejuno-ileum e. None of the above (all are functions of the lymphatic system) 4. Which of the following is where most digestion occurs? jejuno-ileum stomach c. duodenum d. colon e. cecum 5. Which has the thickest wall? capillary arteriole c. artery d. venule e. vein 8. Which of the following is NOT connective tissue? blood. ligament. c. bone. d. adipose tissue. e. None of the above (all are connective tissue) 9. Which of the following forms part of a villus (plural = villi)? alveolus. nephron. c. Loop of Henle d. lacteal. e. None of the above (none are part of a villus) 10. Which gland is partly resposible for regulating calcium metabolism? thymus. pancreas. c. thyroid d. adrenal. e. None of the above (none regulate calcium metabolism)

2 MATCHING. For the following exercise match the substances in the right column with the substances that digest them in the left column. Each letter may be used more than once or not at all.(6 points, 1 pt. each) 1. bile 2. hydrochloric acid 3. gastric juice 4. salivary amylase 5. pepsin A. protein B. fats C. starch D. extracellular matrix E. cellulose FILL-IN-THE-BLANK. For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space.(24 points) Fill in the appropriate labels for the 1. Fill in the appropriate labels for the following drawing. (8 points) following drawing. (4 points) 2. Fill in the appropriate labels for the following drawing. (8 points) c. d. 3. Label the type of epithelia below. (4 points) c. d.

3 Name BIOLOGY 262, FALL 1998 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 2) Date DEFINITIONS. For the following words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20 points, 4 points each) 1. Bowman s Capsule: 2. Membrane potential: 3. Islets of Langerhans: 4. Hypoglycemia: 5. Peristalsis: SHORT ANSWER. For the following answers, address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (10 points) 1.How do smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle differ and what does each do? (5 points) 2. Explain how a nephron works? (5 points)

4 SHORT ESSAYS. For the following essays, address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (20 points) 1. Describe the blood flow in the mammalian heart. Be certain to mention the destination of the blood when it leaves the heart, the major blood vessels attached to the heart,.and all chambers and structures involved. (Feel free to use text and/or drawings for your answer.) (10 points) 2. Explain how blood glucose levels are regulated and explain what causes Type I Diabete Mellitus and Type II Diabetes Mellitus. (10 points)

5 Name BIOLOGY 262, FALL 1998 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 3) Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20 points, 2 points each) 1. Which of the following biomes has frequent fires? Desert. Temperate Deciduous Forest. c. Temperate Grassland. d. Coniferous Forest. e. None of the above (all do not have frequent fires) 2. Which of the following has xylem tissue? Bryophyta Pterophyta c. Chlorophyta d. Charophyta e. None of the above (all lack xylem) 3. Which of the following are diploblastic? Platyhelminthes Cnidaria c. Nematoda d. Rotifera e. None of the above (none are diploblastic) 4. Which of the following is ABSENT in members of the Phylum Chordata? endoderm notochord c. enterocoelom d. dorsal nerve cord e. None of the above (all are present in chordates) 5. During what era did dinosaurs evolve, diversify, and go extinct (they went extinct at the very end of it)? Precambrian Cenozoic c. Paleozoic d. Mesozoic e. Cretaceous 6. What type of fossil retains the shape of the organism but no organic material? compression permineralization c. impression d. trace fossil e. amber 7. What is the term for bacteria capturing genes from their surrounding environment? conjugation binary fission c. transformation d. transduction e. None of the above 8. Which of the following makes something by meiosis? sporophyte. archegonium. c. sperm. d. pollen. e. None of the above 9. Which of the following structures helps a spermatozoön enter an ovum? cortical granule integuments c. acrosome d. vitelline layer e. zona pellucida 10. You put a nail in a tree 1 meter above the ground. The tree grows 1 meter taller per year. How high above the ground is the nail after 5 years? 1 meter 5 meters c. 10 meters d. 50 meters e. None of the above

6 MATCHING. For the following exercise match the structures or substances in the right column with the corresponding phyla in the left column. Each letter may be used more than once.(7 points, 1 pt. each) 1. Anthophyta 2. Fungi 3. Bacillariophyta 4. Coniferophyta 5. Phaeophyta A. chlorophyll c B. seeds C. resin canals D. silica E. chitin FILL-IN-THE-BLANK. For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the available space.(23 points) 4. Fill in the appropriate labels for the following drawing. (4 points) 7. Label synapomorphies for the indicated branches below (6 points) Molluska Annelida Arthropoda B C A 5. Fill in the limbs below. (6 points) Crustacean Millipede Seg. 1 Seg. 2 c. 8. Label synapomorphies for the indicated branches below. (4 points) Archaebacteria Archaezoa Other Eukarya B Seg The class that includes the ray-finned fishes is. (3 points) A

7 Name BIOLOGY 262, FALL 1998 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 4) Date DEFINITIONS. For the following words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as possible. (20 points, 4 points each) 1. Science: 2. Monophyletic Group: 3. Genetic Drift: 4. Synapomorphy: 5. Seed: SHORT ANSWER. For the following answers, address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (10 points) 1. Why doesn t the stomach digest itself? (6 points) 2. If a population of 10,000 individuals is growing exponentially and has an intrinsic rate of increase of 0.1, then what is the size of the population after one year? Two years? Three years? (4 points)

8 SHORT ESSAYS. For the following essays, address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (20 points) 1. Describe the life cycle of a fern. Include all life cycle stages and important structures. Also indicate all cellular processes that occur. (Feel free to use text and/or drawings for your answer.) (10 points) 2. Explain how mammalian lungs are ventilated. (5 points) 3. Phylogenetic Systematists and Evolutionary Systematists classify birds differently. How does each kind of systematist classify them and what is their justification for their classification?

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