PHOTOSYNTHESIS &CELLULAR RESPIRATION. Mrs. Green

Transcription

1 PHOTOSYNTHESIS &CELLULAR RESPIRATION Mrs. Green

2 Bell work 1) What type of organism would Most likely benefit directly from increased levels of CO 2? a) Fish b) Bird c) Tree d) Mushroom 2) Which of these is a product of Photosynthesis and a requirement of cellular respiration? a) Carbon dioxide b) Glucose c) Water d) Sunlight 3) Which of these is produced during photosynthesis? a) Amino Acid b) Glucose c) Glycerol d) Carbon Dioxide

3 Photosynthesis Nearly all living things obtain energy either directly or indirectly from the energy of sunlight captured during the day. Photosynthesis= is a process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. Plants such as grass use energy from the sun to make its own food, therefore its called an Autotroph. They are also called a producer A caterpillar obtains energy from eating the grass and a bird obtains energy by feeding on the caterpillar. These organisms which cannot make their own food are called Heterotrophs. They are also called consumers.

4 Photosynthesis During photosynthesis autotrophs use the sun s energy to convert carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O) into oxygen (O 2 ) and sugars (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Photosynthesis Equation: 6C 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 (This is a Chemical reaction happening inside the plant)

5 Two stages of Photosynthesis: Stage 1: Capturing the Sun s Energy The process occurs mostly in leaves Chloroplast in plant cells capture energy using photosynthesis pigment called Chlorophyll. Energy powers stage 2 Stage 2: Using energy to make food Cells need H 2 O and CO 2 for this stage. CO 2 enters through the Stomata, H2O enters through the roots. CO 2 and H2O undergo a chemical reaction in the chloroplast to produce sugars (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and Oxygen which exit the leaves through the stomata.

6 Example: When you have many fish in a tank how do they get oxygen? How do you add more oxygen to the tank?

7 Bell work: 1) During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into what substance to be used for energy? a) Oxygen b) Carbon dioxide c) Iron sulfide d) Glucose 2) Which of the following BEST describes the flow of energy in a cabbage plant? a) Solar energy is absorbed by mitochondria, converted and stored in sugars, and released in chloroplasts b) Solar energy is absorbed by chloroplasts, converted and stored in sugars, and released in mitochondria. c) Chemical energy is absorbed by chloroplast, stored in sugars, and released in mitochondria. d) Chemical energy is absorbed by mitochondria, stored in sugars, and released in chloroplasts. 3) What is chlorophyll and how does it help plants? a) Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs light energy and makes glucose b) Chlorophyll is a protein that changes shape in the presence of sunlight c) Chlorophyll is a receptor that binds carbon dioxide to light d) Chlorophyll is an enzyme

8 Photosynthesis Activity This activity is on Photosynthesis. Students will make a pop-up visual representation of photosynthesis, using cut outs, color and descriptions to identify the reactions and products of the process. I have included the cut-outs for the lead pop-up, descriptive arrows and plant organelles along with a homework assignment. Directions: Cut out the full leaf and half-leaf on the paper I have passed out. Cut the slit in the full leaf on the marked line and insert the half leaf tab in slit Glue only the left side of the full leaf into your notebook and glue the tab of the half leaf in your notebook The 2 nd page I have handed out, cut and color the information arrows and leaf structures. Place arrows and structures on the leaf where they go according to photosynthesis.

9 Cellular Respiration Respiration= the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose by breaking down simple food molecules. Such as sugar and releasing the stored energy. Cellular respiration is different than the term respiration which is used for breathing.

10 The Respiration Equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Comes from the food we eat Comes from the air or water during respiration Notice the equation is opposite of Photosynthesis

11 Bell work: 1) When animals use energy, what is always produced? a) Sugar b) Heat c) Oxygen d) Starch 2) Which of the following is produced during the process of cellular respiration? a) Carbon Dioxide b) Sodium Chloride c) Oxygen d) Sugar 3) A mouse s rate of carbon dioxide output increased. Which of the following MOST likely happened? a) The mouse went to sleep b) The mouse ate some food c) The mouse started running d) The moues detected an odor

12 Cellular Respiration Equation cont. Equation in words: Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy Again notice that this is the same equation as photosynthesis but backwards****

13 Two stages of Cellular Respiration Stage 1: In the Cytoplasm glucose is broken down into smaller molecules. Oxygen is NOT involved and only a small amount of energy is released. Stage 2: Takes place in the Mitochondria. There molecules are broken down even further by chemicals reactions. These chemical reactions require oxygen and release a great deal of energy. Carbon dioxide and water are also released, in most animals these two products leave the body by exhaling.

14 Cellular Respiration Activity Students will compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration by filling in the missing information in the provided table. Items include identifying reactants and products of equations, organelles responsible for reactions, and advantages and disadvantages of each process for an organism. Directions: Cut out the table provided in class and glue into your notebook. Once you have glued the table into your notebook, start filling it out by using your notes. Teacher will be coming around to check.

15 Videos esis/#.wetdsmhsziu Nova photosynthesis video Bill Nye video Interactive Photosynthesis Lab done in class

16 Test: I will be handing out the post-test My expectations are: Once the test is handed out every one is absolutely quite and respect other students who are still taking the test. No writing on my class set of the test! The purpose of a pre-test is to see what information you know and don t know about this unit. Once you have completely the test raise your hand and I will come get the test. Please sit quietly while you wait! You may color or read a book if you have one. Once everyone has finished we will start are new lesson