GraspIT AQA GCSE Cell Biology
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1 A. Cell structure part 1 Eukaryotes, prokaryotes and animal and plant cells 1. Describe the similarities and differences between a typical plant and a typical animal cell. (4) Ribosomes synthesise proteins. Explain what this means. (2) 3. Explain why the mitochondria in cells are important. (3) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
2 4. The table below shows the number of mitochondria in different mammalian cells. Number of mitochondria per cell Type of mammalian cell Stomach lining Mean number of mitochondria Liver Skin Large intestine lining Muscle Kidney a. Calculate the mean number of mitochondria in each cell and write these in the table. (6) b. Use the graph paper and a suitable method to display the data from the table. (4) (Remember to add labels) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
3 5. Extended response question: The image below shows a type of bacteria called Bacillus cereus. It can cause food poisoning by releasing toxins that can make you vomit. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. Recall the typical structures in a prokaryotic cell and describe the function of each of the structures. (6)... Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
4 B. Cell structure part 2 - Cell specialisation and cell differentiation 1. Eukaryotic cells can undergo differentiation. What does the term differentiation mean? (2) 2. Explain how animal stem cells are different from plant stem cells. (3) 3. Extended response question: Compare and contrast the structure and function of sperm cells and nerve cells. (6) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
5 C. Cell structure part 3 Microscopy and (culturing microorganisms bio only) 1. Describe some advantages and disadvantages of the light microscope. (4) 2. The diagram below shows sperm cells travelling towards an egg cell. The actual length of the sperm cell labelled A is 42 m. Calculate the magnification of the sperm cell. (4) A 3. The diagram shows an image of human cheek cells. The magnification of the cheek cells is x 100. Calculate the actual length of the cheek cell labelled B. (3) B Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
6 4. Extended response question: A student has been asked to observe onion cells under a microscope. State the equipment they would need and describe the procedure they would use. (6) You do not need to discuss the risks. 5. (Biology only) The image below shows the results of an experiment on antibiotics. Bio ONLY: Write a conclusion for this experiment. (4) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
7 D. Cell division 1. Describe the relationship between the cell, genes, DNA and chromosomes. You may draw a diagram if you wish. (3) 2. Explain why mitosis is important for multicellular organisms. (3) 3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of plant stem cells. (4) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
8 4. The chart below shows public attitudes towards stem cell research using human embryos. Public attitudes towards stem cell research in the UK Percentage (cumulative) Strongly in favour In favour Don't know Oppose Strongly oppose Year a. Describe the trend for in favour and strongly in favour between 2001 and (3) b. Calculate the percentage decrease for strongly opposed at its highest and lowest points. (3) c. Explain why some people may strongly oppose the use of human embryos in research. (4) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
9 E. Transport in cells 1. The image below shows beetroot in different temperatures of water. The beetroot pieces are all the same size and shape and this is the result after 20 minutes. Explain the results of this experiment. (4) 2. Plants and animals have adaptations that allow for efficient transport of substances in and out of cells. One of these adaptations is maintaining the concentration gradient. a. Explain the importance of maintaining the concentration gradient in diffusion. (2) b. Describe the adaptations for transport in cells in plants and in animals. (4) Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
10 3. Extended response question: A student has been given the following equipment and has been asked to investigate the rate of osmosis in potato tissue at different salt concentrations. Describe how you would use this equipment to investigate the rate of osmosis in potato tissue at different salt concentrations. How will you make it a fair test? (6) Not all the equipment you will need is shown here. You will not need to write a risk assessment. Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd,
KnowIT Questions AQA GCSE Cell Biology
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