plant physiology and energy conversion to plant systems. identify the components and the functions of plant describe the processes of

Transcription

1 Plant Systems-AG1 Essential Questions: 1. How do plant classification, plant anatomy, and plant physiology affect the production and management of plants? 2. What are the necessary steps to Prepare and implement a plant management plan that addresses the influence of environmental factors, nutrients and soil on plant growth? 3. How can one affectively propagate, culture, and harvest plants? Essential Vocabulary: acidity, aerobic respiration, alkalinity, anabolism, anabolism, angiosperms, anther, apical meristem, apical meristems, asexual reproduction, auxins, biochemical pathway, cation exchange, clay, composition, cotyledons, cutting, cytokinins, decompose, degradation, dicot, division, dormant period, epiphytes, filament, flower, fruit, germination, gibberellins, grafting, growing medium, gymnosperms, heredity, humus, hydraulic pressure, hydrolysis, imbibe, intercalary meristems, irrigation, lateral meristems, layering, leaf, light intensity, light quality, macronutrients, micronutrients, microprpagation, monocot, mutualism, nematode, nitrogen, organic matter, osmosis, osmotic turgescence, ovary, petals, phloem, phosphorus, photoperiodism, photosynthesis, pistils, plant growth regulator, potassium, precipitation, predatory organism, respiration, rhizome, root, sand, seed, senescence, sepals, sexual reproduction, silt, stamen, stem, stigma, stolons, subapical meristem, subsoil, symbiosis, taproot, texture, tissue culture, topsoil, translocation, transpiration, water-holding capacity, xylem Essential Understanding The student will demonstrate competence in the application of scientific principles and techniques to the production and management of PS.01: Apply knowledge of plant classification, plant anatomy and plant physiology to the production and management of Prior Background Knowledge Required: computer experience basic Math and ELA skills basic speaking and listening skills basic collaboration tools Students will know how to classify agricultural plants according to taxonomy systems. how to apply knowledge of plant anatomy and the functions of plant structures to activities associated with plant systems. how to apply knowledge of plant physiology and energy conversion to plant systems. Students will understand that food production and the relation of plants to human welfare, the basic parts of a plant and their functions need to be known to produce and manage there are two plant structures: monocot and dicot. for monocots and dicots, the six basic parts of the plant are roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and Students will be able to explain systems used to classify identify the components, the types and the functions of plant roots. identify root tissues and explain the pathway of water and nutrients into and through the root tissues. identify the components and the functions of plant stems. describe the processes of

2 Mycaert.com ALSP:D3-1 Agednet.com CS304 CS305 CS311 CS312 Vocabulary: aerobic respiration angiosperms apical meristems biochemical pathway cotyledons degradation dicot flower fruit gymnosperms intercalary meristems lateral meristems leaf monocot phloem photosynthesis respiration root seed stem subapical meristem taproot transpiration xylem seeds. meristems (meristematic tissue) contain actively dividing cells that form new tissues. xylem and phloem move water and solutes through the plant. photosynthesis converts the sun's energy into a form humans and other living creatures can use. photosynthesis is one basic reaction. aerobic respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. respiration uses up stored energy, and gives off heat. respiration is closely tied to the degradation of harvested crops. translocation. discuss leaf morphology and the functions of leaves. explain how leaves capture light energy and allow for the exchange of gases. identify the components of a flower, the functions of a flower and the functions of flower components. identify the different types of flowers and flower forms. explain the functions and components of seeds and fruit. identify the major types of fruit. explain the basic process of photosynthesis and its importance to life on Earth. explain requirements necessary for photosynthesis to occur and identify the products and byproducts of photosynthesis. explain cellular respiration and its importance to plant life. explain factors that affect cellular respiration and identify the products and byproducts of cellular respiration.

3 define primary growth and the role of the apical meristem. PS.02: Prepare and implement a plant management plan that addresses the influence of environmental factors, nutrients and soil on plant growth. Prior Background Knowledge Required: computer experience basic Math and ELA skills basic speaking and listening skills basic collaboration tools Students will know how to determine the influence of environmental factors on plant growth. how to prepare growing media for use in plant systems. how to develop and implement a fertilization plan for specific plants or crops. Mycaert.com ALSP:D3-2 Agednet.com CS306 CS307 CS308 Vocabulary: acidity alkalinity cation exchange clay composition decompose humus irrigation Students will understand that light intensity influences the manufacture of plant food, stem length, leaf color and flowering. light quality refers to the color or wavelength reaching the plant surface. a response to the length of daylight is called photoperiodism. physical characteristics of soil consist of composition, texture and water-holding capacity. the size, shape and arrangement of the soil particles and the associated voids (pores) determine the ability of a soil to retain water. the chemical properties of ph, cation exchange capacity and organic matter relate to plant growth and the availability of nutrient. in plants, water is a chemical reactant or product in many metabolic processes. Students will be able to describe the qualities of light that affect plant growth. describe plant responses to light color, intensity and duration. describe the effects air, temperature and water have on plant metabolism and growth. determine the optimal air, temperature and water conditions for plant growth. identify the major components of growing media and describe how growing media support plant growth. identify the categories of soil water. (HD, SO) discuss how soil drainage and water-holding capacity can be improved. (SO) identify the essential nutrients for plant growth and development and their major functions. describe nutrient deficiency

4 light intensity light quality macronutrients micronutrients nitrogen organic mater phosphorus photoperiodism potassium precipitation sand silt subsoil texture topsoil translocation transpiration water-holding capacity there are 16 chemical elements needed by plants for normal growth and development are called nutrients. plant nutrients must occur in the soil in available forms if they are to be taken up and used by symptoms and recognize environmental causes of nutrient deficiencies. discuss the influence of ph and cation exchange capacity on the availability of nutrients. collect soil and plant tissue samples for testing and interpret the test results. (PG, SO) determine the nutrient content of soil using appropriate laboratory procedures and prescribe fertilization based on results. (SO) identify fertilizer sources of essential plant nutrients, explain fertilizer formulations and describe different methods of fertilizer application. (SO) calculate the amount of fertilizer to be applied and calibrate equipment to apply the prescribed amount of fertilizer.(so) PS.03: Propagate, culture and harvest Prior Background Knowledge Students will know Required: how to demonstrate plant computer experience propagation techniques. basic Math and ELA skills how to develop and basic speaking and implement a plant listening skills management plan for crop Students will understand that the important factors affecting plant growth and development include heredity, hormones, nutrition and environment. Students will be able to explain pollination, crosspollination and selfpollination of flowering demonstrate sowing

5 basic collaboration tools production. how to harvest, handle and store crops. Mycaert.com ALSP:D3-11 Agednet.com CS313 Vocabulary: anabolism anther asexual reproduction auxins cutting cytokinins division dormant period epiphytes filament germination gibberellins grafting growing medium heredity hydraulic pressure hydrolysis imbibe layering microprpagation mutualism nematode osmosis osmotic turgescence ovary plant growth regulators act inside plant cells to stimulate or inhibit specific enzymes or enzyme systems and help regulate plant metabolism. for most plants, growers are interested in obtaining as much vigorous vegetative growth as quickly as possible. four environmental factors affect germination: 1) water, 2) light, 3) oxygen and 4) heat. seedbed preparation sets the stage for optimum germination potential. sexual reproduction in plants requires that flowers form, pollination and fertilization occur, seeds develop, and that the seeds grow into new propagation by cutting is the most common method of asexual or vegetative reproduction. micropropigation involves the use of very small pieces of plant tissue grown on sterile nutrient media under aseptic conditions to regenerate new shoot systems that can be separated for rooting and growing into full-size techniques and provide favorable conditions for seed germination. describe optimal conditions for asexual propagation and demonstrate techniques used to propagate plants by cuttings, division, separation and layering. demonstrate proper procedures in budding or grafting selected materials. evaluate asexual propagation practices based on productivity and efficiency. define micropropagation, discuss advantages associated with the practice and outline the four main stages of the process. explain the importance of starting with pest-and disease-free propagation material. explain the reasons for preparing growing media before planting. prepare soil for planting with the addition of amendments. prepare growing media for planting. demonstrate proper

6 petals pistils plant growth regulator predatory organism rhizome senescence sepals sexual reproduction stamen stigma stolons symbiosis tissue culture there are different types of long-term relationships between plants and organisms of another species including mutualism, parasitism, and commensalisms. plants defend themselves against insects and pathogens. planting procedures and post-planting care. observe and record environmental conditions during the germination, growth and development of a crop. monitor the progress of plantings and determine the need to adjust environmental conditions. identify storage methods for plants and plant products. (FS) explain the reasons for preparing plants and plant products for distribution. (FS) demonstrate techniques for grading, handling and packaging plants and plant products for distribution. (FS) PS.04: Employ elements of design to enhance an environment. (NA)