RESEARCHES REGARDING THE VARIABILITY OF POLLEN GERMINATION CAPACITY AT AMPELOPSIS ACONITIFOLIA BGE. SILVICA PĂDUREANU * Introduction

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1 Analele ştiinţifice ale Universităţii Al. I. Cuza Iaşi Tomul L, s. II a. Biologie vegetală, 24 RESEARCHES REGARDING THE VARIABILITY OF POLLEN GERMINATION CAPACITY AT AMPELOPSIS ACONITIFOLIA BGE. SILVICA PĂDUREANU * Abstract: The paper presents the variability of pollen germinative potential at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., from Vitaceae family. Several tests regarding the pollen capacity using nutritive with different glucidic s were done. The experiment reveals the origin of the taxon under study, the physiological traits, its adaptative plasticity in concordance with genetic characteristics. Key words: germinative capacity, pollen, medium with...% saccharose Introduction Literature of speciality points out studies on pollen from Vitaceae, with special reference to vine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.). These studies give information about grape yeld [2, 3, 4, 5]. Studies regarding the pollen from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., with its numerous aspects are fewer [7, 6], because this species is not cultivated for its fruit. That s why we consider that the present paper might represent a bibliographical reference of fundamental interest. Taking into accont the fact that Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. has been included in the same botanical family as Vitis vinifera L., the pollen comparative studies of the two species have contributed to make evident the philogenetic evolution of the taxons from Vitaceae family in concordance with their genetic traits and pedoclimatic characteristics of the environment in which they live. Material and method The biological material used for the study of the pollen germinative capacity was represented by a taxon belonging to Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., cultivated in the Botanical Garden from Iaşi, Taxonomic Sector, species planted in anthers in anthesis phase from 5 inflorescences / year of study were sampled in the period The pollen germinative capacity was analyzed with the microscope IOR MC1, using the so-called wet chambers van Tieghem [8]. The nutritive were represented by distilled water and saccharose solutions in different s: % - 45%. * University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi 47

2 The pollen quantity inoculated in the respective was the same in all the cases. The regarding at the microscope were done at intervals of 5, 24, 48 and 72 hours after pollen insemination, thus the dynamics was determined. The capacity expressed in percentages is the result of the ratio between the and non-. The values from the tables represent the arithmetic mean of the determinations established during the research period. Results and discussions The germinative capacity of the pollen from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. is expressed in percentage in tables I-IV. In vitro conditions, 5 hours after inoculation (tab. I) on nutritive medium, pollen have formed polinic tubes in different proportion, depending on the saccharose of the substratum. Media with 1%, 15%, 2% and 25% saccharose have enabled the of a relatively higher percentage of pollen. The with saccharose deficiency did not facilitate the starting of germinative process. On with a higher than 25% saccharose, a reduced number of pollen, the process being totally inhibited on with more than 45% saccharose. 24 hours after insemination (tab. II) the proportion of the significantly increased on with 1%, 15%, 2% and 25% saccharose. After this period, the hipoglucidic medium with 5% saccharose enabled the of 2% pollen. 48 hours after inoculation (tab. III) the germinability ratio of the pollen was maximum on a medium with 15% saccharose and minimum on a medium with 45% saccharose. Not even after this interval, the deficient in glucidic matter did not enable the starting of the germinative process. 72 hours after inoculation, it was noticed a regression of the germinative potential (tab. IV). The polenic tubes formed on a medium with 5% saccharose were totally resorbed. At the same time, a certain proportion of polenic tubes have degenerated on with 1-4% saccharose. An overall analysis of the pollen germinative capacity at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., points out a preference for nutritive with 15% and 2% saccharose, when the proportion of the 24 hours after insemination was maximum (Fig. 1). The analysis of pollen germinability in dynamics shows significant rises in the first 24 hours after inoculated on medium and non-significant ones after 48 hours; after an interval of 72 hours, the reabsorption of the polenic tubes occurred. It results that in vivo, the of the pollen develops within a short time interval, not exceeding 24 hours (Fig. 2). 48

3 At this species, the range of the pollen germinability is relatively reduced, being represented by nine nutritive with s of 5-45% saccharose. Due to the fact that with high s in glucidic elements are predominant, it may be concluded that the species Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. is adapted to drought periods, not very prolonged, during blossom. If we compare the pollen germinative capacity from Vitis vinifera L. Fetească neagră variety [4] (where the of glucidic which allow may reach 95%) with the capacity from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., in the second case it is noticed the impossibility of pollen to occur on with more than 45% saccharose. This can be explained, on the one hand due to the fact thad Fetească neagră is an autochthonous variety, sufficiently adapted to the local conditions, while Ampelopsis aconitifolia taxon, coming from the Northern regions of Chine [1], is not as well adapted to pedoclimatic conditions of the Botanical Garden in Iaşi. On the other hand, at Ampelopsis aconitifolia it was noticed the presence of mixoploidal phenomenon [6], which diminishes to a certain extent the pollen germinative capacity [9]. Conclusions 1. The pollen germinative potential in vitro at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. may be emphasized on glucidic, whose saccharose ranges between 5-45%. 2. The pollen from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. acount has an evident preference for with 15% and 2% saccharose, when the germinative capacity was maximum. 3. The range of nutritive (when in glucides is concerned), which enables pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. is reduced in comparison to pollen at Vitis vinifera L., having in view that bosh species belong to Vitaceae family. The comparison points out that the taxon under study, coming from the northern part of China and cultivated in 1965 in the Botanical Garden from Iaşi, has a reduced ecological plasticity. 4. The phenomenon of mixoploidy present at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. is made evident by the diminution of the pollen germinative capacity. 5. The analysis in dynamics of the pollen germinative capacity from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. reveals that in vivo conditions, pollen germinate in the first 24 hours after pollination. 6. The germinative capacity of the pollen from Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. is the expression of the major genes, which ensure a great interdependence in exhibition towards the environmental factors. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. DUMITRIU TĂTĂRANU I Arbori şi arbuşti forestieri şi ornamentali cultivaţi în RPR., Edit. Agrosilvică, Bucureşti 49

4 2. DVORNIC V Observaţii asupra germinării polenului la câteva soiuri de viţă roditoare (Vitis vinifera). Lucr. şt. Inst. Agr. Bucureşti, 2: PĂDUREANU SILVICA The influence of pollen quality in some vine varieties on the grape yield (II). Lucr. şt. Univ. Agr. Med. Vet. Ser. Agron., Iaşi, 39: PĂDUREANU SILVICA. 22. Researches regarding the variability of the pollen germinative capacity at Fetească neagră grape-vine variety. An. şt. Univ. Al. I. Cuza Iaşi, s II a. Biol. veget., XLVIII: PĂDUREANU SILVICA. 23. The cytological variability of the pollen grain at Fetească neagră grape-vine variety. An. şt. Univ. Al. I. Cuza Iaşi, s II a. Biol. veget, XLIX: PĂDUREANU SILVICA. 23. Researches regarding the variability of some morphological characters of the pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. and A. brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv.. An. şt. Univ. Al. I. Cuza Iaşi, s II a. Biol. veget., XLIX: PETRIA ELENA Contribuţii la cunoaşterea structurii microsporilor fam. Vitaceae (I) (g. Ampelopsis, Cayratia, Ampelocissus). Acta Bot. Horti Bucurest., 197: RAICU P Metode noi în genetică, Edit. Did şi Pedag., Bucureşti 9. WAGNER M. E Sur l apparition chez la vigne de de pollen possedant un nombre de pores germinatifs anormals. Bull. OIV, France, 3 (315): % % saccharose in medium Fig. 1 Pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., 24 hours after inoculation % time (hours) Fig. 2 Dynamics of pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge. sac.5% sac.1% sac.15% sac.2% sac.25% sac.3% sac.35% sac.4% sac.45% 5

5 Percentage variation of pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., 5 hours after inoculation Table I Percentage of (%) in Percentage variation of pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., 24 hours after inoculation Table II (%) in Percetage of

6 Percentage variation of pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., 48 hours after inoculation Table III (%( in Percentage of Percentage variation of pollen at Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge., 72 hours after inoculation Table IV (%) in Percentage of

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