Plant Bodies as Systems

Transcription

1 Plant Bodies as Systems Objectives: Explain the organization of Plants Identify and describe the different body systems in a plant Evaluate how the survival needs of plants are met by systems working together

2 I. What are the Characteristics of Plants? Multicellular or Unicellular? Multicellular!!! Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes? Eukaryotes!!!! (cells have nucleus & membrane bound organelles)

3 I. What are the Characteristics of Plants? All plant cells have and a large Cell walls and water vacuole!!! Plants convert Light Energy into chemical Energy in food in a process called Photosynthesis!!!!!!!!

4 Plants live in all sorts of environments! Dry Desert Ponds Cold Tundra Forest

5 II. How are Plant Bodies Organized? Plant are multicellular and have cells that are specialized Plant cells are organized into tissues

6 Organization of Multicellular Organisms Specialized Cells Make up Made ofsimilar cells Remember: Same type Organization as Animals

7 III. What are The Three Types of Tissues in Plants? Vascular Ground Dermal

8 What are the jobs of these 3 plant tissues? Vascular tissue- (like the Blood vessels in animals) innermost tissue in stem Made of phloem cells & xylem cells phloem cells transport sugar (food) throughout the plant xylem cells provide physical support and carry water

9 Ground Tissue-middle layer Made of photosynthesizing cells & support & storage cells

10 What do you think the job of the Dermal tissue is?(think epidermis) outermost layer Dermal Tissue- These cells act as a barrier by protecting the more delicate inner tissues controlling the exchange of materials

11 IV. What are The Organs of a Plant?

12 What Organ?

13 What is the job of the root? growth time lapse Roots -Absorb water & dissolved nutrients. help anchor plant

14 What is the name of the Organ?

15 What is the job of the stem? Stem- Transports nutrients to all parts of the plant body and provides support to the plant

16 What is the name of this organ? Leaf

17 What is the Job of the Leaf?? Leafprovides a large surface area for photosynthesis to take place

18 What is the name of these organs? Flowers- Reproductive Organs

19 What is the job of these organs? Reproductive organs (flowers, cone, capsules) Producing offspring (seeds, spores)

20 V. What are the Systems in a Plant??

21 Root system plant systems

22 Review what you have learned Which plant tissue acts likes straws that bring water up a plant? Ground tissue Phloem tissue Xylem tissue Dermal tissue Xylem tissue!!!!

23 What plant tissue transports food about the plant? Ground tissue Phloem tissue Xylem tissue Dermal tissue Phloem

24 Which of the following is considered a plant organ? Xylem Phloem Dermis Root root

25 Which of the following absorbs water and minerals? Roots Leaves Flowers Stems roots

26 Which of the following is not a part of the shoot system? Flower Stem Root Leaf Root

27 Which of the following is responsible for developing offspring? C A A, C, D Flower, cone, capsule B D

28 Which of the following produces food for the plant using the sun s energy? Roots Stems Leaves Flowers Leaves

29 How does Structure in Plants Relate to Function? Objective: to describe how structure in plant parts relates to the function of these parts

30 I. Structure Organisms have evolved over time to retain parts with structure or characteristics that have allowed the organisms to be successful in their environment Ex. Prickly pear cactus live in hot dry habitats. The green stems are wide, thick and have pores (stomata). The leaves are short spines with no pores

31 How is the structure of the prickly pear helpful in allowing it to live in the desert? The prickly pear cactus has thick green stems used for photosynthesis and water storage. The stem has pores for gas exchange (CO2, O2). The leaves are modified as spines which are sharp and pointed to deter animals from eating it.

32 II. How does the structure of the Venus Flytrap leaves relate to its function? Venus' Flytraps gather nutrients from gases in the air and nutrients in the soil. However, they live in poor soil and are healthier if they get nutrients from insects. Carnivorous plants live all over the world but the Venus Flytrap is native to select boggy areas in North and South Carolina.

33 Feed me Seymour!!!

34 II. How does structure of the Venus flytrap s leaves relate to its function? Venus flytrap structure Venus Flytrap leaf Observable Characteristics Leaves are large and flat, glands make nectar, trigger hairs cause leaves to close, fringed outer leaves trap insect, digestive glands secrete digestive juices Function To trap prey such as insects and digest and absorb nutrients, such as Nitrogen, it cannot get from the soil

35 III. How does the structure of Vascular tissue (Xylem & Phloem) relate to its Function? Vascular Tissue Xylem Phloem Structural Observations Wide tubes in a bundle Narrow tubes in a bundle Function Transport water from roots to stem/leaves Transport food from leaves to other parts of plant

36 III. How does the structure of Vascular tissue (Xylem & Phloem) relate to its Function? Vascular Tissue Structural Observations Function Xylem Phloem Wide tubes in a bundle Narrow tubes in a bundle Transport water from roots to stem/leaves Transport food from leaves to other parts of plant

37 IV. How does the flower structure relate to its function?

38 ://flower pollination Organ Structural Observations Function Flower Colorful, long tubular petals, Reproductive organ (male) near edge Attract pollinators* for reproduction (*transport sperm (pollen) to egg)

39 Check Understanding (do in workbook) Pg. 54: # 12, #13 Pg. 68: # 5- # 7 Pg. 70: # 10

40 How does structure and function relate? Pg. 54 in workbook Organ Structural observations Functions stem leaf flower Long and thin Green wide and flat Bright color, top of plant Transports nutrients, stores water, supports plant Captures sunlight for making nutrients, regulates water loss Attracts pollinators

41 How does the structure of the Sundew s leaf relate to its function? Sundews live in a habitat where sunlight and water are plentiful, but the soil has limited nutrients. Sundews make food through photosynthesis.

42 Pg. 68 Sundew video clip

43 Questions pg Why do you think sundews need to capture insects? D. Sundews grow in nutrient-poor soil, so trapping insects is a way the plant meets its needs. 6. Sundews have weakly developed roots. Why do you think sundews do not need strong roots? Since there is plenty of water in the soil, but not enough nutrients, a strong root system is not needed.

44 7. How does the structure of the sundew leaf relate to its function? The leaves of the sundew are long, narrow, and have clear drops on end of tentacles. This sticky substance helps attract and then trap the insects When an insect lands it adheres to the surface of the leaf. As the insect struggles, the leaf curls over the insect and further traps it. The leaf produces digestive juices which allows the organism to digest and absorb the insect.

45 Compare Root Systems Tap Root Fibrous Root

46 Complete the Venn diagram Absorbs nutrients Stores nutrients Pg. 70 in workbook Drought tolerant Absorbs water Anchors plant Protects soil taproot Drought tolerant -can get water deep in soil Stores nutrients Both Absorb water Absorb nutrients Anchors plant fibrous root Protects soil -traps moisture, prevents soil erosion

47 How do Body Structures and Systems Work Together to Perform all the Life Processes Needed For a Plant to Live? Objective: to describe how the plant body parts and systems accomplish certain life functions

48 I. Response to Light Plants need light so that they are able to perform photosynthesis Plants need to hold their leaves up to the sun and expose as many cells with chloroplast toward the light. Plants respond to light by their stems growing towards the sun or light source This response is called Phototropism Photo (light) Tropism (plant response of growing toward or away from a stimulus)

49 Phototropism in action Phototropism phototropism in radish seeds

50 II. Positive vs. Negative Tropism A positive tropism is growth towards a stimulus A negative tropism is growth away from a stimulus * a stimulus is a factor in the environment that causes a response

51 Phototropism positive Stems show a phototropic response Geotropism and phototropism

52 III. Response to other factors A. Geotropism is the plant response towards gravity with the earth. What part of plants would have a positive geotropic response and which part would have a negative geotropic response? Stems would have a negative geotropic response Roots would have a positive geotropic response

53 Geotropism Plants in space Auxin- A plant hormone that affects cell growth

54 B. Thigmotropism is the movement or change in orientation of a plant s growth as a reaction to touch. The orienting factor is generally a hard surface that can change the direction of the plant s growth or the growth of one of its organs. Thigmotropism can be in the form of opening or closing of parts of the plant such as the petals or leaves, the coiling of the plant around the surface, as well as other ways.

55 Thigmotropism example: There are a few different ways that different climbing plants use to cling to surfaces and to change their own shape. ex. Humulus Lupulus, the hop plant has tendrils which wrap around posts, stems etc.

56 What controls this? Plant Hormones!!! Tendrils start off by bending in search of a surface to grow across. Once they find it, the part of the tendril that is in touch with the surface will produce a hormone called auxin, which stimulates a large region on the tendril that isn t in touch with the surface to grow. The hormone ethylene aids in growth and controls the shape of the cells. The overall process results in the cells touching the support surface contracting or growing slower while those not touching it expand or grow faster * Biologydictionary.net

57 Thigmatropism in action! ://

58 IV. Processing Nutrients Plant cells get their energy for life from food. Plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They first must trap and convert the energy from the sun into chemical energy inside a molecule of glucose (sugar). In order to perform this process, plant systems work together to get the necessary ingredients for photosynthesis.

59 Chemical Equation for the Process of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a chemical process. That means a new substance is formed from other substances. In a chemical equation, what goes into the process is in the beginning, is left of the arrow. What is made from these ingredients is on the right side of the arrow (product). Chemical Equation of Photosynthesis: 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + light E C 6 H 12 O O 2 Water plus carbon dioxide plus light yields glucose (sugar) and oxygen

60 1mMzc

61 Using your workbook pgs Read content Fill in chart on pg. 69, # 8,9 pg & 12 Answer the questions on Google classroom :How Plant Systems Process Nutrients

62 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS Of Photosynthesis