BIOLOGY: Study Guide CA4: Photosynthesis. photosystem I/II chlorophyll electron transport chain chemiosmosis ATP/ADP NADP+/NAPDH ATP Synthase

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1 BIOLOGY: Study Guide CA4: Photosynthesis 1. Define: autotroph heterotroph chloroplast thylakoid thylakoid membrane stroma grana photosystem I/II chlorophyll electron transport chain chemiosmosis ATP/ADP NADP+/NAPDH ATP Synthase Dehydrogenase Light dependent reaction Light independent reaction (Calvin Cycle) glyceraldehyde phosphate 2. Autotroph and Heterotroph: How does each use energy from the sun? Name the process and location of the reaction that autotrophs use to harness the energy from the sun. Name the process and location of the reaction that heterotrophs use to harness the energy from the sun. Examples of each type of organism. 3. Organelle Function: Identify parts AND function of the chloroplast given a picture. - thylakoid - thylakoid membrane - photosystem - grana - stroma - chloroplast 4. Photosynthesis in General: Know the equation for photosynthesis. Know what parts of the photosynthesis equation are part of the light dependent reaction and the light independent reaction. Know the 2 reactions that are involved in photosynthesis. Where does photosynthesis occur? What is the purpose of photosynthesis? How are the light dependent reaction and the light independent reaction connected? 5. Light Dependent Reaction: Location Who is the donor/acceptor molecule? Purpose of the light dependent reaction What gets donated/accepted? What is the purpose of electron transport? What happens in Photosystem I & Photosystem II? What is the purpose of chemiosmosis? What happens at dehydrogenase? 6. Light Independent Reaction Location What is another name for the light independent reaction? Purpose of the light independent reaction POSSIBLE ESSAY QUESTIONS: - What connection can you make between how an organism obtains its energy from the sun and whether it is an autotroph or heterotroph? - Overall, what is the purpose of photosynthesis?(be specific)

2 BIOLOGY: STUDY GUIDE CA4: Cellular Chemistry (Photosynthesis) This study guide addresses the following learning targets that will be tested on Common Assessment #4. LEARNING TARGET #1: DEFINE & UNDERSTAND the following vocabulary: - monomer - photosynthesis - polymer - stroma - autotroph - thylakoid - heterotroph - grana - ATP - photosystem LEARNING TARGET #2: EXPLAIN the connection between how an organism uses energy from the sun & whether - chloroplast - NADP + - glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate organism is an autotroph or heterotroph. LEARNING TARGET #3: Understand the purpose and importance of ATP. LEARNING TARGET #4: EXPLAIN the processes involved in photosynthesis (reactions, locations and equation). LEARNING TARGET #5: COMPARE and CONTRAST cellular respiration and photosynthesis. the NOTE: These are sample questions only & should be used to help master concepts. 1. Circle DIRECTLY if the organism obtains its energy directly from the sun or INDIRECTLY if the organism obtains energy through other sources (i.e. foods they consume). sunflower DIRECTLY / INDIRECTLY dog DIRECTLY / INDIRECTLY human being DIRECTLY / INDIRECTLY oak tree DIRECTLY / INDIRECTLY 2. Classify each organism as either an AUTOTROPH or a HETEROTROPH by circling the appropriate response. sunflower AUTOTROPH / HETEROTROPH dog AUTOTROPH / HETEROTROPH human being AUTOTROPH / HETEROTROPH oak tree AUTOTROPH / HETEROTROPH 3. What connection can you make between how an organism obtains its energy from the sun and whether that organism is an autotroph or heterotroph? 4. Why is ATP so important to living organisms? (be specific) 5. What part of ATP is the key to its ability to store and release energy? (be specific) 6. What are two differences between ADP and ATP? Label which molecule is an example of ATP & which molecule is an example of ADP. Label each part of the ATP molecule. P P P P P 2

3 7. What are two cellular activities that require ATP? 8. Photosynthesis takes place mainly in PLANT CELLS / ANIMAL CELLS. 9. Plants are able to gather the sun s energy with light absorbing molecules called pigments. The plant s primary pigment is called and is found in the (organelle). 10. Identify AND describe the function of the structures below. (organelle) (individual) (stack) (space) 11. & are the names of the two reactions involved in photosynthesis. 12. What is the basic chemical equation for photosynthesis? 13. Fill in the missing information for the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis. Don t forget to include the following items: label each component of the membrane (3 show how the gradient is used components) identify the donor and acceptor molecules label the thylakoid membrane, the stroma, and the What is made using that gradient? thylakoid space label existing gradients label [ ] differences What happens at photosystem I & II? 3

4 14. What is the purpose of NADP +? 15. Photosynthesis occurs in what specific organelle? 16. What is the purpose of the Electron Transport Chain in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? 17. What is the purpose of chemiosmosis in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? 18. Fill in the missing information for the light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle) of photosynthesis. 1. RuBP meets up with 2. The energy from is used to attach the from carbon dioxide to. 3. The energy from is used to remove the 2 atoms from carbon dioxide AND attach a atom to the new carbon. MONOMER is the name of the ultimate monomer made during the Calvin Cycle. This monomer can be used to make 3 other energy storing compounds: is the name of the ultimate monomer that is produced during the light independent reaction of photosynthesis. 20. Overall, the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis uses & from the light-dependent reaction to produce ( ultimate monomer ). This monomer can then be used to make,, and. 21. The light-independent reaction of photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle) occurs in the of the chloroplast. 4

5 22. Distinguish the pieces of the entire photosynthesis equation as either part of the Light -Dependent or Light-Independent reactions. LIGHT 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 23. Overall, what is the purpose of photosynthesis? Figure 2 Use Figure 2 to answer questions # In Figure 2, circle the reactants (there are 3). 25. In Figure 2, square all the products (there are 2). 26. Where does the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast? 27. Where does the light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle) of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast? 28. & are 2 substances produced in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis that serve as sources of energy for the light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle). 29. & are 2 substances produced in the light-independent reaction (Calvin Cycle) of photosynthesis that are used in the light-dependent reaction. 30. In the diagram, the letter representing water could be either a) W or X b) Z or W c) Y or Z d) X or Y 5

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