(A) Ethylene (B) Absisic acid (C) Auxin (D) Gibberellin (E) Cytokinin

Transcription

1 College Biology - Problem Drill 17: Plant Function Question No. 1 of Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for phototropism? Question #01 (A) Ethylene (B) Absisic acid (C) Auxin (D) Gibberellin (E) Cytokinin leaves and fruits. Abscisic Acid is important for bud dormancy, seed maturation, abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata. C. Correct! Auxin is responsible for phototropism. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and promote growth of lateral buds. Auxins: Stimulate cell elongation Stimulate cell division Its effects on plants: Apical Dominance Phototropism Gravitropism Inhibit Leaf Abscission Leaf Formation Embryonic Development Fruit Development Root Initiation Phototropism occurs when illuminated from one direction; the shoot proceeds to grow in that direction. When illuminated, auxin accumulates on the shady side of a plant. This stimulates elongation of cells from the shady side and bends the plant to the light. The correct answer is (C).

2 Question No. 2 of The male flower part where pollen is produced is? Question #02 (A) Pistil (B) Anther (C) Peduncle (D) Stigma (E) Sepal The pistil is the ovule producing part of a flower. B. Correct! The anther is the part of the stamen where pollen is produced. The peduncle is the stalk of a flower. The stigma is the part of the pistil where pollen germinates. The sepal is the outer parts of the flower (often green and leaf-like) that encloses a developing bud. Peduncle: The stalk of a flower. Receptacle: The part of a flower stalk where the parts of the flower are attached. Sepal: The outer parts of the flower (often green and leaf-like) that enclose a developing bud. Petal: The parts of a flower that are often conspicuously colored. Stamen: The pollen producing part of a flower, usually with a slender filament supporting the anther. Anther: The part of the stamen where pollen is produced. Pistil: The ovule producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma. The mature ovary is a fruit, and the mature ovule is a seed. Stigma: The part of the pistil where pollen germinates. Ovary: The enlarged basal portion of the pistil where ovules are produced The correct answer is (B).

3 Question No. 3 of Which of the following elements is not a macronutrient for plants? Question #03 (A) Phosphorus (B) Nitrogen (C) Potassium (D) Oxygen (E) Chloride Phosphorus is a macronutrient. Nitrogen is a macronutrient. Potassium is a macronutrient. Oxygen is a macronutrient. E. Correct! Chloride is a micronutrient not a macronutrient. Macronutrients: 9 elements required in large quantity that plants absorb from air and soil to support their growth. These include C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Micronutrients: 7 elements required in small quantities that plants absorb from air and soil. These include boron, copper, iron, chloride, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc. The correct answer is (E).

4 Question No. 4 of Which of the following phenomena is NOT caused by auxin? Question #04 (A) Gravitropism (B) Apical dominance (C) Leaf abscission (D) Root initiation (E) None of the above Gravitropism is caused by auxin. Apical dominance is caused by auxin. Leaf abscission is caused by auxin. Root initiation is caused by auxin. E. Correct! All of these are caused by auxin. So this is the correct answer. Auxins: Stimulate cell elongation Stimulate cell division Effects on plants: Apical Dominance Phototropism Gravitropism Inhibit Leaf Abscission Leaf Formation Embryonic Development Fruit Development Root Initiation The correct answer is (E).

5 Question No. 5 of The signal molecule that is produced in response to a wound is? Question #05 (A) Ethylene (B) Systemin (C) Gibberellins (D) Alkaloids (E) None of the above leaves and fruits. B. Correct! Systemin is produced in response to wound injury. Gibberellin promotes stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Alkaloids serve as chemical barrier for plant defense. The answer is found in the choices listed here so this cannot be the right choice. Auxins stimulate cell elongation and cell division. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and Promote growth of lateral buds. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Abscisic Acid is important for bud dormancy and seed maturation and dormancy,abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata. leaves and fruits. Systemin is a signal molecule for plants to sense the wound and triggers a series of biochemical reaction to release proteinase inhibitors, which are toxic to insects. Natural Physical barrier include the following: Cuticle: a layer of wax on surface of leaves Trichomes: extension of plant cells Spines (modified leaves) Bark Natural Chemical barriers include the following: Isoprene Phenolic compounds Alkaloids The correct answer is (B).

6 Question No. 6 of What is the evaporation of excess water from aerial parts of a plant known as? Question #06 (A) Transpiration (B) Desiccation (C) Photosynthesis (D) Phototropism (E) None of the above A. Correct! Transpiration is the evaporation of water from the plant. Desiccation is the removal of water. Photosynthesis is the process of converting chemical energy from light energy. Phototropism is the growth of a plant toward the light source. There is one choice that is correct so this cannot be the right answer. Transpiration is the evaporation of excess water from aerial parts of a plant, from leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. Root absorbs minerals and water from soil. - Water and solute are transported up through plants via xylem. - The driving force is the evaporation from leaves via guard cells - This process (evaporation of leaves via guard cells pulls up water from root) is called transpiration. The correct answer is (A).

7 Question No. 7 of What is the inhibition of the lateral bud by auxin from the apical bud, known as? Question #07 (A) Phototropism (B) Apical dominance (C) Gravitropism (D) Transpiration (E) None of the above Phototropism is the ability of the plant to grow toward the light source. B. Correct! Apical dominance is the inhibition of lateral buds by auxin from the apical bud. Plant growth and its movements respond to gravity. This is known as gravitropism. Transpiration is the evaporation of excess water from aerial parts of a plant. The correct choice is listed here so this cannot be the right answer. Apical dominance is the inhibition of lateral buds by auxin from the apical bud. - Auxin is broken down as it moves down stem, so its concentration decreases. - Removal of apical bud releases apical dominance. The correct answer is (B).

8 Question No. 8 of Which molecule stimulates stem elongation? Question #08 (A) Auxin (B) Cytokinin (C) Gibberellins (D) Abscisic acid (E) Ethylene Auxin stimulates cell elongation and stimulates cell division. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and promote growth of lateral buds. C. Correct! Gibberellins promote stem elongation and break seed dormancy. Abscicis acid is important for bud dormancy and seed maturation and dormancy, abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata. leaves and fruits. Auxins stimulate cell elongation and cell division. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and Promote growth of lateral buds. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Abscisic Acid is important for bud dormancy and seed maturation and dormancy,abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata. leaves and fruits. Systemin is a signal molecule for plants to sense the wound and triggers a series of biochemical reaction to release proteinase inhibitors, which are toxic to insects. Natural Physical barrier include the following: Cuticle: a layer of wax on surface of leaves Trichomes: extension of plant cells Spines (modified leaves) Bark Natural Chemical barriers include the following: Isoprene Phenolic compounds Alkaloids The correct answer is (C).

9 Question No. 9 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully; (2) Work the problems on paper 9. Which molecule is important for dealing with plant stress? Question #09 (A) Cytokinin (B) Auxin (C) Gibberellin (D) Abscisic acid (E) Ethylene Cytokinins stimulate cell division and promote growth of lateral buds. Auxins stimulate cell elongation and Stimulate cell division. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and break seed dormancy. D. Correct! Abscisic acid is a major plant stress hormone. leaves and fruits. Auxins stimulate cell elongation and cell division Cytokinins stimulate cell division and Promote growth of lateral buds. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Abscisic Acid is important for bud dormancy and seed maturation and dormancy,abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata. It is the primary stress hormone. leaves and fruits Systemin is a signal molecule for plants to sense the wound and triggers a series of biochemical reaction to release proteinase inhibitors, which are toxic to insects. Natural Physical barrier include the following: Cuticle: a layer of wax on surface of leaves Trichomes: extension of plant cells Spines (modified leaves) Bark Natural Chemical barriers include the following: Isoprene Phenolic compounds Alkaloids The correct answer is (D).

10 Question No. 10 of Which molecule is important for promoting lateral bud growth? Question #10 (A) Auxin (B) Systemin (C) Gibberellins (D) Ethylene (E) None of the above Auxin stimulates cell elongation and stimulates cell division. Systemin is a signal molecule for plants to sense the wound and triggers a series of biochemical reaction to release proteinase inhibitors, which are toxic to insects. Gibberllins promote stem elongation and break seed dormancy. leaves and fruits. E. Correct! The correct answer is cytokinin and it is not listed here. This is the correct choice. Auxins stimulate cell elongation and cell division. Cytokinins stimulate cell division and promote growth of lateral buds. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and breaks seed dormancy. Abscisic Acid is important for bud dormancy and seed maturation and dormancy,abscission of leaves and fruits and closing of stomata leaves and fruits Systemin is a signal molecule for plants to sense the wound and triggers a series of biochemical reaction to release proteinase inhibitors, which are toxic to insects. Natural Physical barrier include the following: Cuticle: a layer of wax on surface of leaves Trichomes: extension of plant cells Spines (modified leaves) Bark Natural Chemical barriers include the following: Isoprene Phenolic compounds Alkaloids The correct answer is (E).