Associations between an invasive plant (Taeniatherum caputmedusae, Medusahead) and soil microbial communities

Transcription

1 Associations between an invasive plant (Taeniatherum caputmedusae, Medusahead) and soil microbial communities Elise S. Gornish¹, Noah Fierer², Albert Barberán¹ ¹University of California, Davis; ²University of Colorado, Boulder

2 The soil microbiome The fungal and bacterial communities that exist in the soil Its BIG near the root zone, 1 gram of soil has up to 10 billion microbes and 30k different microbe species Hartmann et al ISME

3 The soil microbiome affects just about everything Stress tolerance in plants Foraging behavior Restoration success Water infiltration Root growth Nutrient cycling Insect invasion Crop production Litter decomposition

4 The soil microbiome affects plants Commensal microbes Beneficial microbes Pathogenic microbes create a harmful environment cause infection

5 Plants affect the soil microbiome Commensal microbes Beneficial microbes Pathogenic microbes inhibition facilitation

6 Why do plants become invasive? Plant based factors Environmental based factors Faster growth rate More stress tolerant Stress increases Change in resources Higher seed production Rhizomatous growth Disturbance Lack of predators

7 Why do plants become invasive? Plant based factors Environmental based factors Faster growth rate More stress tolerant Soil Stress increases Change in resources Higher seed production Rhizomatous growth microbiome Disturbance Lack of predators

8 Invasive plants and the soil microbiome Parepa et al Ecoscphere

9 Invasive plants and the soil microbiome Batten et al Biological Invasions

10 The soil microbiome and medusahead Important for Predicting invasion Identifying management priorities Develop management strategies

11 Our experiment 1. Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome?

12 Our experiment 1. Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome? 2. Does invasion intensity affect the relationship between medusahead and the soil microbiome? seeds/m² High seeds/m² 1000 seeds/m² 100 seeds/m² 0 seeds/m² Low seed density

13 Our experiment 1. Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome? 2. Does invasion intensity affect the relationship between medusahead and the soil microbiome? 3. How do soil microbial communities differ in areas where medusahead is successful vs. areas where medusahead is unsuccessful? Open grassland Oak woodland

14 Results

15 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi

16 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome?

17 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome? NO

18 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi Does medusahead modify the soil microbiome? NOT COMMUNITIES

19 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi Does invasion intensity affect the relationship between medusahead and the soil microbiome?

20 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi Does invasion intensity affect the relationship between medusahead and the soil microbiome? NO

21 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi How do soil microbial communities differ in areas where medusahead is successful vs. areas where medusahead is unsuccessful?

22 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi How do soil microbial communities differ in areas where medusahead is successful vs. areas where medusahead is unsuccessful?

23 Results Gornish et al PLoS One Bacteria Fungi How do soil microbial communities differ in areas where medusahead is successful vs. areas where medusahead is unsuccessful? THEY ARE COMPLETELY DIFFERENT

24 Results Gornish et al PLoS One arbuscular mycorrhizal plant pathogens Bacteria Fungi ectomycorrhizal How do soil microbial communities differ in areas where medusahead is successful vs. areas where medusahead is unsuccessful? THEY ARE COMPLETELY DIFFERENT

25 What does it all mean?

26 What does it all mean? Areas that have a history of medusahead invasion do not necessarily need to be treated differently than those that do not

27 What does it all mean? Areas that have a history of medusahead invasion do not necessarily need to be treated differently than those that do not In terms of soil plant relationships, medusahead infestations of different intensities do not require different control approaches

28 What does it all mean? Areas that have a history of medusahead invasion do not necessarily need to be treated differently than those that do not In terms of soil plant relationships, medusahead infestations of different intensities do not require different control approaches Medusahead might be excluded from oak habitat because of soil characteristics

29 THANK YOU! Funding University of California, Davis University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Acknowledgments Xavier Rojas for lab help Contact