8.L Which example shows a relationship between a living thing and a nonliving thing?

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1 Name: Date: 1. Which example shows a relationship between a living thing and a nonliving thing?. n insect is food for a salmon. B. Water carries a rock downstream.. tree removes a gas from the air. D. flower makes food for a butterfly. 2. What is a primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?. They eliminate matter by taking nitrogen from the ecosystem. B. They eliminate matter by taking phosphorus from the ecosystem.. They cycle matter by returning carbon and other matter to the ecosystem. D. They cycle matter by returning oxygen and other matter to the ecosystem. page 1

2 3. Which diagram correctly models the movement of heat, energy, and matter in an ecosystem?. B.. D. page 2

3 4. The graph below shows changes in a caribou population over time. Based on the graph, which of the following is a possible explanation for the stabilization of the caribou population?. an equal number of deaths and births B. an unequal number of deaths and births. an equal number of immigrants and births D. an unequal number of immigrants and deaths 5. If a paleontologist finds fossils of many different species existing in the same area at approximately the same time, the paleontologist can conclude that the ecosystem in this area had a high degree of. climatic variation. B. episodic speciation.. biological diversity. D. geographic isolation. 6. Use the desert picture below to answer the question. Which factor most likely limits the desert s carrying capacity for plant life?. the number of herbivores B. the amount of sunlight. the availability of water D. the availability of land page 3

4 7. n ocean, a forest, and a grassy meadow are each examples of a complete ecosystem. omplete ecosystems contain only. animals. B. rocks and water.. living and nonliving things. D. populations of plants and animals. 8. The complete removal of decomposers from an ecosystem will have the greatest effect on which of the following?. the spread of disease B. the availability of water. the recycling of nutrients D. the distribution of organisms 9. hurricane sweeps across a small aribbean island, killing 50 percent of the herbivore species on the island. Which of the following is the most immediate result?. a reduction in biodiversity B. an acceleration of the carbon cycle. an increase in predator populations D. a decline in decomposer populations 10. There is a limit to how large any given population can grow. Which of the following statements best explains why a population must eventually stop growing?. low female-to-male ratio develops in the population as it grows. B. Old individuals outnumber juveniles in the population as it grows.. The resources available are fully used by the population as it grows. D. Natural selection changes the gene pool of the population as it grows. page 4

5 11. The table below shows data on reproduction for mouse populations at various population densities. verage Number of Mice per ubic Meter verage Percent of Pregnant Females verage Number of Mice per Litter Based on the data, which of the following statements best describes an effect of population density on mouse populations?. High population density decreases the birthrate. B. High population density decreases the death rate.. High population density increases the male to female ratio. D. High population density increases the number of successful matings. 12. Which of the following is currently a primary cause of species decline worldwide?. habitat destruction B. intraspecific competition. random mating D. viral outbreaks 13. ontinuing development of land in the southeastern United States has resulted in large sections of forest being broken into smaller, isolated fragments. Scientists studying these forest fragments have found that the smaller the forest fragment, the closer together birds build their nests. s a result of the nests being close together, which of the following will most likely happen to the birds in a particular forest fragment?. Finding food will become easier for the birds. B. Most of the birds will lay eggs later in the year.. Fewer birds will migrate out of the region for the winter. D. Viral diseases will spread among the birds more quickly. page 5

6 14. Use the information and the table below to answer the following question(s). scientist studied iguanas on the Galapagos Islands. He discovered two species of iguanas that live in different habitats and display very different behaviors. His observations are listed in the table below. OBSERVTIONS OF TWO SPEIES OF IGUNS Marine Iguana spends most of its time in the ocean is never found more than 10 yards from the shore eats mainly marine algae Land Iguana spends most of its time on land is found far inland eats cacti and other land plants Visiting sailors brought goats to the Galapagos Islands. The goats competed with native animals for food and shelter. Which of these was probably not affected by the goats?. food supply B. spread of disease. natural disasters D. stability of the ecosystem 15. Two groups in Mrs. Thompson s science class made presentations about forest information they had researched. The first group reported that some types of fungi provide water and nutrients to a tree s roots. The second group reported that forest rodents spread fungi spores to allow for spore reproduction. What conclusion can be drawn from the information presented by these two groups?. Fungi cause disease in rodents in the forest. B. Rodents need to be removed from the forest.. Having diverse organisms can spread disease in forests. D. Having diverse organisms benefits the health of a forest. 16. How does light, temperature, and soil composition influence most land ecosystems?. They cause the ecosystem to become extinct. B. They determine the types of plants and animals in the ecosystem.. They cause water in the ecosystem to become polluted. 17. Which biotic factor affects the number of animals in a population?. kinds of predators B. amount of oxygen. average temperature page 6

7 18. researcher observing an ecosystem describes the amount of sunlight, precipitation, and type of soil present. Which factors is the researcher most likely describing?. biotic factors in a forest B. biotic factors in a tundra. abiotic factors in a prairie D. abiotic factors in an ocean 19. population could best be represented by all of the. acorn barnacles on a rock B. different species of fish in a bay. animals found along a sandy beach D. organisms in a pond 20. Which term best describes the interactions between the physical and living factors shown in the diagram?. a bioshphere B. an ecosystem. a community D. a biome 21. ll the brook trout in a stream constitute. an ecological succession B. a population. a habitat D. a food chain 22. Which level of biological organization includes the greatest total number of species?. community B. ecosystem. population D. biosphere page 7

8 23. In a self-sustaining ecosystem, which component cannot be recycled because it is lost from food chains and becomes unavailable?. carbon B. nitrogen. water D. energy 24. One characteristic common to bacteria, algae, protists, fungi, vascular plants, and humans is that they are. members of the biosphere B. heterotrophic organisms. abiotic factors D. multicellular organisms 25. n ecosystem is not considered to be self-sustaining if. there is interaction between biotic and abiotic factors B. some of its living systems incorporate energy into organic compounds. cycling of materials occurs between organisms and their environment D. it lacks a constant supply of energy 26. The chart lists four groups of factors relating to an ecosystem. Group Group B Group Group D Sunlight Sunlight Sunlight Sunlight Green plants limate Green Plants Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall onsumers onsumers Minerals Producers Producers Oxygen Gases arbon Dioxide Water Which group contains only abiotic factors?. B. B. D. D page 8

9 27. The diagram shows a milkweed plant and some of the insects that live on it or visit it. Which term best describes the group of organisms in the diagram?. biosphere B. community. habitat D. biome page 9

10 28. Which diagram best represents an ecosystem?. B.. D. 29. Use the graph below to answer the following question(s). The graph above shows the owl population in a large forested area over a 20-year period. The graph also shows the acres of forest that were cleared for lumber over the same time period. a) Why did the owl population change? b) What could have been done to prevent the change in the owl population? page 10

11 30. Plants and animals are alive and have characteristics that make them different from each other and non-living things. In the chart below, list three living things and three non-living things to this picture. Living Non-living page 11

12 Problem-ttic format version c Educide Software Licensed for use by indy Rudolph Terms of Use at 05/13/ B D 3. B 23. D D B B D D 29. The owl population changed because of loss of habitat. When the acres of land were cleared for lumber, the owl habitat (food and home) was destroyed. If all trees had not been cut or if some land had been left for habitat preservation the owl population would not have decreased so rapidly. Plant new trees as replacement habitat or cut part of the forest, leaving some for habitat. Run a conservation campaign, put up signs, have a rally, write laws D B B

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