Warm Up: Vocab on desk

Transcription

1 Warm Up: Vocab on desk Ecology Review: What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph What is the ultimate source of energy? What is the name of the cellular energy molecule we have talked about? What is the function of the chloroplast? The mitochondria? Intro Video on Biomolecules and PS

2 Do you know why leaves change colors in the Fall? Please explain. Any idea which pigments make them green and which pigments make them red, orange, yellow?

3 Pigments In chloroplasts, there are pigments which trap different wavelengths of light Main pigment = Chlorophyll (green) Accessory pigments Chlorophyll b (blue) Carotenoids (red, orange, or yellow)

4 Different colors have different wavelengths of light The color of an object = wavelength(s) being REFLECTED all other wavelengths are absorbed Light Energy

5 Plants have different pigments to ensure that all wavelengths of light are absorbed!!!! Efficient!

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7 Nutrition Autotrophic (producers) Make their own food Examples plants, algae Heterotrophic (consumers) Eat other organisms for their food Examples mammals, fungi, bacteria, protists

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9 ATP!!!!!! ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that cells use for energy Contains 3 phosphates Forming the bonds stores energy, breaking the bonds releases energy ATP loses 1 P & releases energy! ADP gains 1 P & stores energy!

10 DO NOW: Draw ATP and ADP Cycle. What are some examples cellular activities that require energy. How do cells use ATP?

11 Chloroplast Structure Carry out photosynthesis - take energy from the sun and make food. Contain chlorophyll, so they re green!

12 Think Thin Pancakes (thylakoids) with Lots of Syrup (stroma). Giant Stack = Grana Thin Pancake = Thylakoid Syrup = Stroma

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14 Photosynthesis in leaves The process in which plants use sunlight, CO2, and water to make glucose!

15 DID YOU KNOW? Green plants, bacteria, and algae use photosynthesis to make their food! Most oxygen in the air comes from photosynthesis!!

16 Photosynthesis (PS) Equation 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + light ---> C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ~OR~ carbon dioxide + water + light energy ---> glucose + oxygen Sunlight Energy is turned into useable form (Glucose) in photosynthesis then this is used as an energy source in cellular respiration!!

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18 Atoms are just rearranged from reactants to products!!!

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20 WU Down Q s: 1. When you see an object s color, what are you actually seeing? 2. Describe the structure of a chloroplast. 3. What is the main pigment in plants? 4. What are some accessory pigments in plants?

21 WU: Check on your investigation immediately! 1. Complete WS at desk 2. What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?

22 Atoms are just rearranged from reactants to products!!!

23 H 2 O Photosynthesis 2 steps + CO 2 Which splits water Energy ATP and NADPH 2 Calvin Cycle Light is Adsorbed By Chlorophyll Chloroplast ADP NADP Used Energy and is recycled. O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 Light Reaction + Dark Reaction

24 PS consists of 2 main stages 1. Light-dependent reactions 2. Light-independent reactions (or Calvin Cycle)

25 Light-Dependent Reactions Where: thylakoids of chloroplast What: Light is absorbed by chlorophyll, which now has energy Some of which is used to form ATP molecules in the lightindependent reactions IMPORTANT: The remaining energy splits water, releasing oxygen (photolysis) The H+ from water bonds to NADP+ to form NADPH, later used in the light-independent reactions

26 Overview of Photosynthesis

27 Light-Independent Reactions/ Calvin Cycle/Dark Reaction Where : stroma of the chloroplast What: Carbons are pulled off carbon dioxide to form glucose! Important: Requires ATP and NADPH formed during the light-dependent reactions to get the reaction started **Does not require light

28 Overview of Photosynthesis stroma Thylakoid membranes (grana)

29 Dark Reactions x2 to make 1 glucose molecule

30 Photosynthesis Song and Dance: The SUN and the RAIN and the CO2 makes FOOD and OXYGEN for me and you!

31 Filamentous green algae Caption: Light micrograph of filamentous green algae showing the individual cells crammed full of chloroplasts (tiny oval bodies). The chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll pigments, which convert the sun's energy, water & carbon dioxide into nutrients for the plant. The process is called photosynthesis. The chlorophyll pigments are responsible for green color of the plant.

32 Actual Stomates

33 Adaptations for Photosynthesis A large percentage of Earth s photosynthesis occurs in ALGAE!! Leaves where PS takes place in a plant (contain millions of chloroplasts) Epidermis outside layer Cuticle waxy coating that prevents water loss Stomates (stomata) tiny openings on the underside of the leaf that take in CO2 and release water and oxygen Guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomates.

34 Begin Foldables Part 1: Photosynthesis Light Rxns & Dark Rxns Foldable will include who does it, what is the process, where does it occur, when does it occur, how does it occur (i.e. organelle, different processes in different parts of each organelle) You also need a diagram as well as the equation.

35 WU Foldable on desk please SAS Photosynthesis Webquest Complete online notes on aerobic respiration Extra credit visit all links (w/in my notes) and write down what you learned! HW: Online HW and finish foldable part 1 (begin part 2!)

36 SAS Computer Lab ID is Password is Then complete SAS Photosynthesis Webquest: Login chargers No password

37 After SAS Photosynthesis Complete Notes on Aerobic Respiration Also NOVA Interactive Review - PS: osynthesis.html Algae and Review :

38 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration: ALL ORGANISMS/CELLS break down carbohydrates and release energy! ALL ORGANISMS make ATP energy from glucose.