Biology (age 11-14) Subject map

Transcription

1 Biology Biology (age 11-14) Subject map Big ideas and key concepts The Best Evidence Science Teaching resources can be used with your existing scheme of work, if desired. However, we have used research evidence on learning pathways and effective sequencing of ideas to develop subject maps for biology, chemistry, earth science and physics. This subject map shows how five big ideas of biology education can be developed through a series of key concepts, organised into teaching topics. Each key concept requires approximately 1-3 lessons worth of teaching time. The numbering in the subject map gives some guidance about teaching order based on our review of the research and teaching experience. In general, key concepts that appear earlier in the subject map need to be understood before progression to key concepts that appear later. However, the teaching order can be tailored for different classes as appropriate. Publication of resources Teaching and learning resources will be added on a topic-by-topic basis throughout 2018 and The resources are being developed based on careful consideration of the best available research evidence on learning pathways, common student misunderstandings, and effective teaching approaches. To find out when new topics have been published, please uyseg@york.ac.uk and ask to subscribe to BEST project updates, or on Twitter. This document last updated: 28/06/2018 Developed by the University of York Science Education Group and the Salters Institute. 1

2 BIOLOGY (AGE 11-14) THE CELLULAR BASIS OF LIFE GROWTH, REPRODUCTION AND INHERITANCE ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS VARIATION, ADAPTATION AND EVOLUTION HEALTH AND DISEASE All organisms are made of cells, which can be organised into tissues and organ systems to support life processes that depend on a supply of energy and molecules. Genetic information is passed down from one generation of organisms to the next, and is used to control their growth and development. All organisms, including humans, depend on and compete with other organisms within ecosystems. There is a great diversity of organisms, living and extinct, which is the result of evolution. All organisms must stay healthy in order to survive, and their health can be compromised by disease. Topic BCL1 Cells Topic BVE1 Variation BCL1.1 Living, dead and never been alive BVE1.1 Differences between species BCL1.2 Cell size and shape BCL1.3 Cell structures and their functions BCL1.4 Diffusion and the cell membrane BVE1.2 Continuous and discontinuous variation within species BVE1.3 Changes in species over time fossil evidence Developed by the University of York Science Education Group and the Salters Institute. 2

3 Topic BCL2 From cells to organ systems BCL2.1 Working together: cells, tissues and organ systems BCL2.2 Supplying cells: the human circulatory, digestive and gas exchange systems BCL2.3 The human skeleton and muscles Topic BVE2 Classification BVE2.1 Identifying and classifying organisms BVE2.2 Classification systems Topic BHD1 What are health and disease? BHD1.1 Defining health and disease BHD1.2 Infectious and noninfectious disease BHD1.3 Mental health Topic BCL3 Cellular biochemistry BCL3.1 Photosynthesis BCL3.2 Cellular respiration BCL3.3 Enzymes Topic BRI1 Changes within an organism s lifetime BRI1.1 Growing older BRI1.2 Life cycles Topic BHD2 Healthy lifestyles BHD2.1 Good hygiene BHD2.2 Healthy human diet BHD2.3 Exercise Developed by the University of York Science Education Group and the Salters Institute. 3

4 Topic BRI2 Reproduction BRI2.1 Making offspring BRI2.2 Sexual and asexual reproduction BRI2.3 Reproduction in plants BRI2.4 Reproduction in humans BRI2.5 Pregnancy and birth Topic BOE1 Interdependence of organisms BOE1.1 Food chains BOE1.2 Food webs BOE1.3 Depending on each other BOE1.4 Competition Topic BRI3 Inheritance and the genome BRI3.1 Genetic information and heredity BRI3.2 The genome BRI3.3 DNA Topic BOE2 Organisms in the environment BOE2.1 How organisms affect their environments BOE2.2 The effects of environmental changes Topic BHD3 Negative impacts on health BHD3.1 Imbalances in the diet BHD3.2 Smoking BHD3.3 Asthma BHD3.4 Alcohol BHD3.5 Other recreational drugs Developed by the University of York Science Education Group and the Salters Institute. 4

5 Topic BOE3 Biodiversity BOE3.1 Defining BOE3.2 The importance of BOE3.3 Negative human impacts on BOE3.4 Positive human impacts on Topic BVE3 Adaptation and evolution BVE3.1 Adaptations BVE3.2 Competition BVE3.3 Evolution by natural selection BVE3.4 Acceptance of the theory Developed by the University of York Science Education Group and the Salters Institute. 5