1. A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases:
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1 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal 3 1. segment of a N strand has the following bases: T GT 4. efore a cell goes through either mitosis or meiosis, which process must be carried out by the N in the nucleus? What is the complementary strand of N? UG U TG T TG T replication nondisjunction transcription translation UG U 2. Which process must occur before N information is moved out of the nucleus by mrn? 5. The two molecules of N produced by successful replication have which characteristics? They each contain identical chromosomes. replication duplication They each have different combinations of guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine. translation transcription They each contain one new and one old strand. Their helixes twist in opposite directions. 3. Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below? trn : ribosome 6. Sexual reproduction provides for what to occur? book : publisher cloning truck : factory budding key : lock genetic stability baker : pie genetic variation Page 1 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
2 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal 3 7. Which would most likely favor species survival in changing environmental conditions? 10. Which is responsible for most genotypic and phenotypic variation among humans? genetic recombination meiosis energy involvement in gamete production length of life cycle number of offspring produced budding mitosis regeneration 8. Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells? 11. Many plants are capable of asexual reproduction through budding and runner production, as well as sexual reproduction through flowering. Under which conditions is sexual reproduction advantageous? mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis when a plant is living in extreme but stable conditions when the environment is unstable and changing oogenesis when individuals of a species are geographically isolated 9. What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms? when a plant s particular genotype is favorable cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation recombination of alleles Page 2 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
3 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal In genetics research, what is the purpose of a test cross? to determine the phenotypes of the parents 14. Most sex-linked, recessive traits including hemophilia and color blindness appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement? to determine the genotypes of the parents Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes. to determine whether or not two parents could produce viable offspring Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive. to determine how many offspring can be produced by two parents In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome. 13. Several matings between the same male black guinea pig and female brown guinea pig produce a total of 12 brown and 14 black guinea pigs. If black is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents? In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome. bb b b b b bb Page 3 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
4 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal Examine the tables below. ouple Mother s lood Type Father s lood Type aby aby s lood Type I O II O III X Y Z O Which baby belongs to each of the couples? I X, II Y, III Z I Y, II Z, III X I Z, II X, III Y I X, II Z, III Y 16. Huntington s disease is a dominant trait. What are the chances that a child will develop Huntington s disease if one parent is heterozygous and the other is normal? 0 out of 4 1 out of 4 2 out of 4 3 out of 4 Page 4 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
5 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal Some flowers show incomplete dominance. If RR = white and R R = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two pink flowers? 4 red : 0 pink : 0 white 0 red : 4 pink : 0 white 3 red : 0 pink : 1 white 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white 19. karyotype of a human female shows that she has only one sex chromosome. Which genotype would represent her genetic condition? XO XXX XY XYY 18. couple has five children, all with blood type. The mother s blood type is O, and the father s blood type is. ased on this information, which describes the most probable genotype of the father? diploid haploid heterozygous homozygous Page 5 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
6 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal The diagram below represents N fingerprints which are the result of gel electrophoresis done on several N samples found at a crime scene. Gel Electrophoresis Results Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this N analysis? Suspect Suspect Suspect Suspect Page 6 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
7 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal plant nursery only grew one type of tomato. ll of their tomatoes died from the same disease. What was most likely true of the tomato plant population? It had a lot of resistance to disease. It had a few plants that were resistant to the disease. It had too much variation in its genes. It had little variation in its genes. Page 7 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
8 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal Most individuals of a certain species of bird have medium-length tails, but tail length ranges within the species from very short to very long. Short Tail Medium Tail Long Tail If a new predator arrived that preferred birds with medium-length tails, which graph describes the most likely result? Tail Length Tail Length Tail Length Tail Length Page 8 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
9 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal ccording to evolutionary theory, which best describes the first living organisms from which all life evolved? aerobic 26. Variation within species was important to the development of arwin s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain? eukaryotic photosynthetic prokaryotic Resources become limited over long periods of time. Populations often increase rapidly and without warning. 24. auliflower, cabbage, broccoli, and kale have a close evolutionary relationship. Which is the best evidence for this relationship? ompetition is fierce among members of different species. Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others. similar growth season percentage of identical N sequences common geographic distribution equal day length preference 27. Which is the best evidence that two animals had a common ancestor? oth animals have a rare enzyme whose biochemical analysis matches. oth animals occupy a similar environmental niche. 25. paleontologist is comparing the fossilized remains of two primates. oth animals had a prehensile tail. What can be concluded from this evidence? They were not related. oth animals have evolved similar skeletal structures adapted to running. oth animals have the same number of chromosomes. They lived on the ground. They evolved from a common ancestor. They had bipedal locomotion. Page 9 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
10 North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal Variety within a species is most likely to result from which situation? severe weather conditions that might occur, such as hurricanes or blizzards adaptation to local environmental characteristics by isolated populations of the species the extinction of competing species over a broad range of habitats sex-specific coloring differences 29. Which could be considered biochemical evidence of an evolutionary relationship? 30. Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms? similarity in behavior similarity in niche similarity in habitat similarity in N End of Goal 3 Sample Items In compliance with federal law, including the provisions of Title IX of the Education mendments of 1972, the epartment of Public Instruction does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, religion, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies, programs, activities, admissions or employment. absence of vestigial structures presence of embryonic gill slits similar anatomical structures presence of identical proteins Page 10 Published ecember May reproduce for instructional and
11 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 1 Objective: 3.01 nalyze the molecular basis of heredity including: a. N replication. b. Protein synthesis (transcription, translation). Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: 2 Objective: 3.01 nalyze the molecular basis of heredity including: a. N replication. b. Protein synthesis (transcription, translation). Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 3 Objective: 3.01 nalyze the molecular basis of heredity including: a. N replication. b. Protein synthesis (transcription, translation). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 4 Objective: 3.01 nalyze the molecular basis of heredity including: a. N replication. b. Protein synthesis (transcription, translation). Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 5 Objective: 3.01 nalyze the molecular basis of heredity including: a. N replication. b. Protein synthesis (transcription, translation). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 6 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 1
12 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 7 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Evaluating orrect nswer: 8 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 9 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 10 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 11 Objective: 3.02 ompare and contrast the characteristics of asexual and sexual reproduction. Thinking Skill: Generating orrect nswer: 12 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: 13 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: Generating orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 2
13 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 14 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: Evaluating orrect nswer: 15 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: 16 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 3
14 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 17 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: Generating orrect nswer: 18 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 19 Objective: 3.03 Interpret and predict patterns of inheritance. a. dominant, recessive and intermediate traits. b. Multiple alleles. c. Polygenic inheritance. d. Sex-linked traits. e. Independent assortment. f. Test cross. g. Pedigrees. h. Punnett squares. Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: 20 Objective: 3.04 ssess the impact of advances in genomics on individuals and society. a. Human genome project. b. pplications of biotechnology. Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 4
15 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 21 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: Generating orrect nswer: 22 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 23 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: 24 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: pplying orrect nswer: 25 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 5
16 EO iology TestI: 4619 Sample Items Key Report 26 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 27 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 28 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 29 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: nalyzing orrect nswer: 30 Objective: 3.05 a. evelopment of the theory. d. pplications (pesticide and antibiotic resistance). Thinking Skill: Knowledge orrect nswer: Wednesday, ecember 05, 2007 Page 6
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