Ch. 2 Patterns Association

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Ch. 2 Patterns Association"

Transcription

1 Ch. 2 Patterns of Ch. 2 Patterns of Association Association Classifying organisms by habitat, evolutionary relationships, trophic interactions (feeding) Classifying organisms by habitat, evolutionary relationships, trophic interactions (feeding)

2 Spatial Distribution Benthos live on or in sediments Epifauna: on sediment Infauna: in sediment Pelagic open water Nekton Nekton: free swimming Plankton free float & drift w/ currents swimming Plankton: float & drift w/ currents

3 Evolutionary Adaptations Evolution: Change in the genetic structure of a population DNA (instructions inherited from ancestors) found in genes Inherited traits may individual s ability to survive & reproducee Survival of Fittest

4 Mechanisms of Evolution Change in genetic structure of population s gene pool 1. Natural Selection (Descent w/ Modification) main mechanism a. Overproduction & struggle for existence: Pop. can produce far more offspring than environment can support (food, water, shelter) Leads to struggle for existence, disease, death

5 1. Natural Selection ( Nature Selects ) b. Individual Variation Individuals in pop. vary in traits (eye color, body shape, speed, intelligence.) Traits are heritable (passed to offspring) Sulcata Tortoises African Painted Dog

6 1. Natural Selection ( Nature Selects ) c. Unequal reproductive success: Individuals w/ advantageous traits for local environment have: Greatest # of surviving, fertile offspring Traits that enhance survival: most common in future generations Ex: streamlined marine body: shark Sea lion penguin

7 Natural Selection Advantageous traits vary with habitat Coral Reef: Colorful fish in a colorful habitat Kelp Forest: Fish colors blend in with habitat

8 Mechanisms of Evolution 2. Mutation: A change in DNA structure Produces raw material on which natural selection acts (new traits) DNA (Double helix): 1000 s of DNA base pairs make up 1 gene Gene = sequence of DNA

9 Mechanisms of Evolution 2. Mutations: create variation in gene pool Most have no significant effect Neutral common, don t influence success of species Unfavorable (deleterious) rare Ex. Hemophilia Favorable (advantageous) accumulate b/c their beneficial

10 Mechanisms of Evolution 2. Mutation: A change in DNA structure Produces raw material on which natural selection acts DNA (Double helix): 1000 s of DNA base pairs make up 1 gene

11 Mechanisms of Evolution 3. Gene flow: Exchange of genes between populations Immigrants bring in new traits Emmigrants leave pop. (traits lost) 4. Genetic Drift: Random loss of traits in small isolated pops. Natural disaster sudden loss of traits Plate tectonics continents separate population

12 Species Group of interbreeding organisms that produce fertile offspring New species arise from Reproductive Isolation Physical Plate Tectonics Rafted/blown to island Behavioral Nocturnal vs. diurnal Feeding, Ex: Orca

13 Are Orcas Speciating? Residents & Transients Live in same area (sympatric) Differ in: morphology, behavior, social habits, foraging, genetics DNA studies: they haven t interbred in past 100,000 years reproductively isolated Residents Transient

14 Residents Piscivorous Cooperative feeding Travel in large pods (5-50) Vocalization Major Differences Transients Eat marine mammals Often feed alone Travel in small pods (1-7) Little vocalization

15 REPRODUCTION How genes are transferred through generations of organisms 2 strategies Asexual (cloning) Sexual

16 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Production of offspring from 1 parent Offspring are genetically identical to parent Rely on mutations for variations in their DNA Produce many offspring, susceptible to disease, environment, etc. 3 Forms: 1. Cellular Fission (Unicellular, Cell splits in 2 (bacteria)

17 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION 2. Fission: multicellular, split in 2 (coral) 3. Budding: multicellular, mini adults grow on parent & drop off (anemone, sponge) Some organisms do both asexual & sexual repro. (anemone) Animal split into 2

18 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Production of offspring from 2 parents Offspring are different from parents Few offspring produced Variation = some less susceptible to disease, environmental factors Results from recombination of genes during meiosis & fertilization

19 Genes contain DNA & are located on chromosomes in each cell Diploid = paired chromosomes Sex Chromosomes (X & Y)

20 Meiosis: Paired sex chromosomes separate & recombine at fertilization Gametes (egg or sperm) contain only 1 complete set of chromosomes per cell (haploid) Zygote = 2 sets of chromosomes (1 from Dad, 1 from Mom) Gametes Haploid Zygote Diploid (2 sets) XX X XY + non-sex chromosomes X or Y (one) XX or XY

21 Taxonomy (Biological Classification) Describe/classify know species (10-30 million) Observe & describe, Latin name, Place in hierarchy of taxa (related groups) Common ancestry: Evolution, Homology (similar features), Embryology Structure, behavior, DNA Big to small groups Earliest Cells

22 Taxonomic System of Classification Carolus Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) Phylogeny (cladistics): species w/ similar derived traits share common ancestor Kingdoms (6): Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia Phytoplankton Algae Eelgrass saltgrass Invertebrates Vertebrates Swedish Naturalist

23 Phylogenetic Tree: Evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms Based on fossil record, morphology, embryology, development patterns, DNA & protein sequences... Branching at nodes = speciation Cladogram

24 Linnaeus Hierarchal Subcategories (8): Degree of similarity Kingdom: largest category (few-6) Species: smallest (many) Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo Species: sapiens

25 Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell Lack Nucleus & distinct organelles Have Nucleus & specialized organelles EU = true Algae & Phytoplankton Few in sea Decomposers

26 Eukaryotic Plant Cell Chloroplast Site of Photosynthesis Mitochondria Powerhouse of cell (energy & respiration)

27 Acquiring Energy Generate ATP (stores & transports chemical energy in cells) Photosynthesis (Autotrophs) 6 CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O H 2 O + 6O 2 Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 Sun Chlorophyll Anaerobic 2 (C 2 H 5 OH) + 2 CO ATP (energy) alcohol Or C 3 H 6 O 3 lactic acid C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Aerobic 6 CO H 2 O + 37 ATP

28 Energy Transfer- Food Chain Marine Woodland Top Consumer (Carnivore) Secondary Consumer Primary Consumer (Herbivore) Primary Producer Decomposers recycle all trophic levels

29 Food Webs: Complex feeding relationships

30 Symbiosis Close interaction of 2 species (3 types): Mutualism: both organisms benefit Remora Commensalism: 1 benefits, other isn t helped or harmed Parasitism: 1 benefits, other is harmed Clownfish & Anemone Remora & Shark Zooxanthellae & Coral Nematode in fish Whale barnacles

31 The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection Charles Darwin Evolution & Natural Selection 1858: Writings on N.S. presented (decades of research prior) 1859: Darwin publishes Origin of Species Alfred R. Wallace 1859

32 HMS Beagle (5 yrs): Map S. Hemisphere Darwin worked as a Naturalist Collected & studied flora & fauna Beginning of trip: Fixity of species After trip Discounted Fixity Formulating Natural Selection

33

34 Land Iguana & Darwin s Finch sp. Flightless cormorant Marine Iguana

Use evidence of characteristics of life to differentiate between living and nonliving things.

Use evidence of characteristics of life to differentiate between living and nonliving things. Grade Big Idea Essential Questions Concepts Competencies Vocabulary 2002 Standards All living things have a common set characteristic needs and functions that separate them from nonliving things such as:

More information

Kingdoms in Eukarya: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia Each Eukarya kingdom has distinguishing characteristics:

Kingdoms in Eukarya: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia Each Eukarya kingdom has distinguishing characteristics: NAME pg. 1 Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Eukarya Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primate Hominidae Homo sapiens Mnemonic: DUMB KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SOUP Domain

More information

Evolution and Diversification of Life. Origin and Evolution of. Life. OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2. The Handfish -BBC Blue Planet

Evolution and Diversification of Life. Origin and Evolution of. Life. OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2. The Handfish -BBC Blue Planet Origin and Evolution of Evolution and Diversification of Life Life OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2 The Handfish -BBC Blue Planet Grieg Steward, Professor Department of Oceanography Plankton

More information

Characteristics of Living Things Card Sort

Characteristics of Living Things Card Sort Characteristics of Living Things Card Sort All of these terms are characteristics of organisms that allow scientists to classify (organize) them into groups. Chapter 9 in your text covers the characteristics

More information

Biology EOCT Review. Milton High School

Biology EOCT Review. Milton High School Biology EOCT Review Milton High School Cell Organelles Nucleus holds DNA Cell membrane what comes in and goes out Mitochondria powerhouse of the cell Ribosomes protein synthesis Lysosomes digestion Cell

More information

Define: Alleles. Define: Chromosome. In DNA and RNA, molecules called bases pair up in certain ways.

Define: Alleles. Define: Chromosome. In DNA and RNA, molecules called bases pair up in certain ways. Alleles Chromosome In DNA and RNA, molecules called bases pair up in certain ways. How do the bases A, C, G, T, and U match up in DNA? How about RNA? Summarize the cell process called protein synthesis!

More information

Study of Biology. copyright cmassengale

Study of Biology. copyright cmassengale Study of Biology 1 What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things Living things are called organisms Organisms include bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals 2 All Living Things Share

More information

Biology Curriculum Pacing Guide MONTGOMERY COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS

Biology Curriculum Pacing Guide MONTGOMERY COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS MONTGOMERY COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS Biology Curriculum Pacing Guide 1 st 9 Weeks SOL Objectives Vocabulary 7 Days 14 Days BIO.1 The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific reasoning, logic,

More information

Evolution and Diversification of Life

Evolution and Diversification of Life Evolution and Diversification of Life Frogfish OCN 201 Science of the Sea Biology Lecture 2 Grieg Steward (Oceanography) Office: CMORE Hale 121 Phone: x6-6775 Evolution Nothing in biology makes sense except

More information

Fig. 26.7a. Biodiversity. 1. Course Outline Outcomes Instructors Text Grading. 2. Course Syllabus. Fig. 26.7b Table

Fig. 26.7a. Biodiversity. 1. Course Outline Outcomes Instructors Text Grading. 2. Course Syllabus. Fig. 26.7b Table Fig. 26.7a Biodiversity 1. Course Outline Outcomes Instructors Text Grading 2. Course Syllabus Fig. 26.7b Table 26.2-1 1 Table 26.2-2 Outline: Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution I. Naming and

More information

Taxonomy and Biodiversity

Taxonomy and Biodiversity Chapter 25/26 Taxonomy and Biodiversity Evolutionary biology The major goal of evolutionary biology is to reconstruct the history of life on earth Process: a- natural selection b- mechanisms that change

More information

Name: Class: Date: ID: A

Name: Class: Date: ID: A Class: _ Date: _ Ch 17 Practice test 1. A segment of DNA that stores genetic information is called a(n) a. amino acid. b. gene. c. protein. d. intron. 2. In which of the following processes does change

More information

Biology Spring Final Exam Study Guide

Biology Spring Final Exam Study Guide Name: Hour: Basic Biology Skills Graphing Know the keys to creating a graph Know how to interpret a graph Independent variable Dependent variable Biology Spring Final Exam Study Guide Levels of Organization

More information

Phylogeny 9/8/2014. Evolutionary Relationships. Data Supporting Phylogeny. Chapter 26

Phylogeny 9/8/2014. Evolutionary Relationships. Data Supporting Phylogeny. Chapter 26 Phylogeny Chapter 26 Taxonomy Taxonomy: ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarities and differences Carolus Linnaeus developed binomial nomenclature,

More information

Characteristics of Life

Characteristics of Life UNIT 2 BIODIVERSITY Chapter 4- Patterns of Life Biology 2201 Characteristics of Life All living things share some basic characteristics: 1) living things are organized systems made up of one or more cells

More information

What makes things alive? CRITERIA FOR LIFE

What makes things alive? CRITERIA FOR LIFE What makes things alive? CRITERIA FOR LIFE Learning Goals I can determine if something is alive based on the criteria for life. I can describe the history of life on Earth. I can describe how organisms

More information

Speciation and Classification

Speciation and Classification Speciation and Classification Species- a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring Forming a new species Each population of a single species lives in a different place.

More information

THINGS I NEED TO KNOW:

THINGS I NEED TO KNOW: THINGS I NEED TO KNOW: 1. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is surrounded by a membrane. Both types of cells have ribosomes. Some

More information

CLASSIFICATION. Why Classify? 2/18/2013. History of Taxonomy Biodiversity: variety of organisms at all levels from populations to ecosystems.

CLASSIFICATION. Why Classify? 2/18/2013. History of Taxonomy Biodiversity: variety of organisms at all levels from populations to ecosystems. Why Classify? Classification has been around ever since people paid attention to organisms. CLASSIFICATION One primeval system was based on harmful and non-harmful organisms. Life is easier when we organize

More information

Biology Massachusetts

Biology Massachusetts Tutorial Outline Massachusetts Tutorials are designed specifically for the Learning Standards found in the Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks to prepare students for the MCAS tests. Biology Tutorials

More information

Wake Acceleration Academy - Biology Note Guide Unit 6: Evolution & The Diversity of Life

Wake Acceleration Academy - Biology Note Guide Unit 6: Evolution & The Diversity of Life Wake Acceleration Academy - Biology Note Guide Unit 6: Evolution & The Diversity of Life Extra Resources Website: http://waa-science.weebly.com Module 1: Darwin and Natural Selection Vocabulary Term Charles

More information

CLASSIFICATION. Similarities and Differences

CLASSIFICATION. Similarities and Differences CLASSIFICATION Similarities and Differences TEKS 8A: Students will define taxonomy and recognize the importance of a standard system to the scientific community 8B: Students will categorize organisms using

More information

Friday April 8 th 2016

Friday April 8 th 2016 Friday April 8 th 2016 Warm-Up Select a highlighter. Get a bottle of glue. Update your Table of Contents (see whiteboard). Today In Science Classification Presentation and Notes How many different types

More information

Classification of Living Things. Unit II pp 98

Classification of Living Things. Unit II pp 98 Classification of Living Things Unit II pp 98 Why There is a Need for Classifying There are over 2 million different types of organisms known. biologists can organize living things into groups. Taxonomy

More information

All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Living Things are Composed of Cells: Single-cell organisms have everything they need to be self-sufficient. In multicellular organisms, some cells do only

More information

Section 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

Section 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity Name Class Date Section 18-1 Finding Order in Diversity (pages 447-450) Key Concepts How are living things organized for study? What is binomial nomenclature? What is Linnaeus s system of classification?

More information

Name Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.

Name Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. Assessment Chapter Test B Classification of Organisms In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. 1. Archaea 2. Bacteria a. kingdom; includes Euglena

More information

Learning Outcome B1 13/10/2012. Student Achievement Indicators. Taxonomy: Scientific Classification. Student Achievement Indicators

Learning Outcome B1 13/10/2012. Student Achievement Indicators. Taxonomy: Scientific Classification. Student Achievement Indicators Classification of Living Organisms Learning Outcome B1 Learning Outcome B1 Apply the Kingdom System of classification to study the diversity of organisms. Student Achievement Indicators Students who have

More information

The Tree of Life. Chapter 17

The Tree of Life. Chapter 17 The Tree of Life Chapter 17 1 17.1 Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms 2000 years ago Aristotle Grouped plants and animals Based on structural similarities Greeks and Romans included

More information

Evolution. Changes over Time

Evolution. Changes over Time Evolution Changes over Time TEKS Students will analyze and evaluate B. 7 C how natural selection produces change in populations, not individuals B. 7 E/F effects of genetic mechanisms and their relationship

More information

Concept Modern Taxonomy reflects evolutionary history.

Concept Modern Taxonomy reflects evolutionary history. Concept 15.4 Modern Taxonomy reflects evolutionary history. What is Taxonomy: identification, naming, and classification of species. Common Names: can cause confusion - May refer to several species (ex.

More information

Classification Cladistics & The Three Domains of Life. Biology Mrs. Flannery

Classification Cladistics & The Three Domains of Life. Biology Mrs. Flannery Classification Cladistics & The Three Domains of Life Biology Mrs. Flannery Finding Order in Diversity Earth is over 4.5 billion years old. Life on Earth appeared approximately 3.5 billion years ago and

More information

Biological Evolution. Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection

Biological Evolution. Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection Biological Evolution Darwinian Evolution and Natural Selection 1. Linnaean Classification Major Concepts 2. Fossils 3. Radioactive Dating 4. Fossil Record and Genetic Analysis 5. Theory of Evolution Random,

More information

Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life Chapter focus Shifting from the process of how evolution works to the pattern evolution produces over time. Phylogeny Phylon = tribe, geny = genesis or origin

More information

CLASSIFICATION NOTES

CLASSIFICATION NOTES CLASSIFICATION NOTES Classification Classification = arrangement of living things into groups according to their observed similarities. Important because it allows us to be able to study life easier Living

More information

Announcements: 1. Labs meet this week 2. Lab manuals have been ordered 3. Some slides from each lecture will be on the web 4. Study questions will be

Announcements: 1. Labs meet this week 2. Lab manuals have been ordered 3. Some slides from each lecture will be on the web 4. Study questions will be Announcements: 1. Labs meet this week 2. Lab manuals have been ordered 3. Some slides from each lecture will be on the web 4. Study questions will be posted after each lecture Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Protozoa

More information

How Biological Diversity Evolves

How Biological Diversity Evolves CHAPTER 14 How Biological Diversity Evolves PowerPoint Lectures for Essential Biology, Third Edition Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon Essential Biology with Physiology, Second Edition Neil Campbell,

More information

NAME: DATE: PER: CLASSIFICATION OF LIFE Powerpoint Notes

NAME: DATE: PER: CLASSIFICATION OF LIFE Powerpoint Notes NAME: DATE: PER: CLASSIFICATION OF LIFE Powerpoint Notes 1. Species of Organisms a) There are known species of organisms b) This is only of all organisms that ever lived. c) are still being found and identified.

More information

Background: Why Is Taxonomy Important?

Background: Why Is Taxonomy Important? Background: Why Is Taxonomy Important? Taxonomy is the system of classifying, or organizing, living organisms into a system based on their similarities and differences. Imagine you are a scientist who

More information

CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS

CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS 1. Taxonomy The branch of biology that deals with the classification of living organisms About 1.8 million species of plants and animals have been identified. Some scientists

More information

Vocabulary Classification the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities Taxonomy the science of naming and classifying

Vocabulary Classification the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities Taxonomy the science of naming and classifying Classification.. Vocabulary Classification the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities Taxonomy the science of naming and classifying organisms trait a characteristic or behavior

More information

STAAR Year Review Part 2

STAAR Year Review Part 2 Theory of Evolution- the change in a population over time. (not a change in individuals!) Mechanisms of Evolution- How does evolution happen? Natural selection: a gradual process where traits become more

More information

FCAT Review. Evolution & Ecosystems

FCAT Review. Evolution & Ecosystems FCAT Review Evolution & Ecosystems Classifying Organisms Why would we classify organisms? To make them easier to study The science of studying how organisms are classified is called taxonomy Organisms

More information

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote DIVERSITY OF LIVING THINGS Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote 1. Test Monday 2. Lab Report Rough Draft (typed) due Wednesday 3. Lab Report Due Friday Oct 7th 4. Letter to MP due Tuesday Oct 11 th CAROLUS LINNAEUS

More information

A. Correct! Taxonomy is the science of classification. B. Incorrect! Taxonomy is the science of classification.

A. Correct! Taxonomy is the science of classification. B. Incorrect! Taxonomy is the science of classification. DAT - Problem Drill 07: Diversity of Life Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as 1. What is taxonomy? Question #01 (A) Taxonomy

More information

Quazi accurate photo history

Quazi accurate photo history Quazi accurate photo history Evolution- change over time Fossils preserved remains Geologic Time earth s history The evidence shows changes in environment changes in species The Theory of Evolution supported

More information

Unit B1 Influence on Life. (EdExcel)

Unit B1 Influence on Life. (EdExcel) Unit B1 Influence on Life (EdExcel) Topic 1 - Classification Classification The world is populated by millions of different species of animals and plants Classification How would you construct a key to

More information

SPECIATION. REPRODUCTIVE BARRIERS PREZYGOTIC: Barriers that prevent fertilization. Habitat isolation Populations can t get together

SPECIATION. REPRODUCTIVE BARRIERS PREZYGOTIC: Barriers that prevent fertilization. Habitat isolation Populations can t get together SPECIATION Origin of new species=speciation -Process by which one species splits into two or more species, accounts for both the unity and diversity of life SPECIES BIOLOGICAL CONCEPT Population or groups

More information

What are living things, and how can they be classified?

What are living things, and how can they be classified? Classifying Organisms What are living things, and how can they be classified? binomial nomenclature species genus dichotomous key cladogram Classifying Living Things Classification: organizing information

More information

Zoology. Classification

Zoology. Classification Zoology Zoology involves studying all aspects of organisms belonging to the animal kingdom taxonomy, animal physiology, comparative anatomy, and ecology. Our study of Zoology will be focused on the different

More information

Biology Classification Unit 11. CLASSIFICATION: process of dividing organisms into groups with similar characteristics

Biology Classification Unit 11. CLASSIFICATION: process of dividing organisms into groups with similar characteristics Biology Classification Unit 11 11:1 Classification and Taxonomy CLASSIFICATION: process of dividing organisms into groups with similar characteristics TAXONOMY: the science of classifying living things

More information

Evolutionary change. Evolution and Diversity. Two British naturalists, one revolutionary idea. Darwin observed organisms in many environments

Evolutionary change. Evolution and Diversity. Two British naturalists, one revolutionary idea. Darwin observed organisms in many environments Evolutionary change Evolution and Diversity Ch 13 How populations evolve Organisms change over time In baby steps Species (including humans) are descended from other species Two British naturalists, one

More information

7 th Grade SCIENCE FINAL REVIEW Ecology, Evolution, Classification

7 th Grade SCIENCE FINAL REVIEW Ecology, Evolution, Classification 7 th Grade SCIENCE FINAL REVIEW Ecology, Evolution, Classification ECOLOGY Students will be able to: Define species, population, community and ecosystem. species organisms that can mate and produce fertile

More information

Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago. Sedimentary. Relative Dating. Absolute Dating

Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago. Sedimentary. Relative Dating. Absolute Dating A fossil is: Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago Sedimentary Rock Almost all fossils are found in How do scientists determine the age of fossils? Relative Dating Absolute Dating The deeper

More information

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction. Cell Reproduction TEST Friday, 11/13

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction. Cell Reproduction TEST Friday, 11/13 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction Cell Reproduction TEST Friday, 11/13 How many chromosomes do humans have? What are Chromosomes? How many chromosomes came from your mom? How many chromosomes came from your

More information

NOTES CH 24: The Origin of Species

NOTES CH 24: The Origin of Species NOTES CH 24: The Origin of Species Species Hummingbirds of Costa Rica SPECIES: a group of individuals that mate with one another and produce fertile offspring; typically members of a species appear similar

More information

Evolution Test Review

Evolution Test Review Name Evolution Test Review Period 1) A group of interbreeding organisms (a species) living in a given area is called population 2) Give an example of a species. Ex. One wolf Give an example of a population.

More information

Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin.

Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin. Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin. Click here for Final Jeopardy Classify This For Cell Gene Gene the Dancin Machine Cycles & Changes Feed

More information

chatper 17 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

chatper 17 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. chatper 17 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. If a mutation introduces a new skin color in a lizard population, which factor might determine

More information

Ch.5 Evolution and Community Ecology How do organisms become so well suited to their environment? Evolution and Natural Selection

Ch.5 Evolution and Community Ecology How do organisms become so well suited to their environment? Evolution and Natural Selection Ch.5 Evolution and Community Ecology How do organisms become so well suited to their environment? Evolution and Natural Selection Gene: A sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait Gene pool: All

More information

Chapter 17. Table of Contents. Objectives. Taxonomy. Classifying Organisms. Section 1 Biodiversity. Section 2 Systematics

Chapter 17. Table of Contents. Objectives. Taxonomy. Classifying Organisms. Section 1 Biodiversity. Section 2 Systematics Classification Table of Contents Objectives Relatebiodiversity to biological classification. Explainwhy naturalists replaced Aristotle s classification system. Identifythe main criterion that Linnaeus

More information

9.3 Classification. Lesson Objectives. Vocabulary. Introduction. Linnaean Classification

9.3 Classification. Lesson Objectives. Vocabulary. Introduction. Linnaean Classification 9.3 Classification Lesson Objectives Outline the Linnaean classification, and define binomial nomenclature. Describe phylogenetic classification, and explain how it differs from Linnaean classification.

More information

Classification Notes

Classification Notes Name Living Environment Classification Notes Characteristics of Living Things All living things have a cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, grow and develop, respond to their surroundings,

More information

The Road to the Six Kingdoms

The Road to the Six Kingdoms Bio 2201 Unit 2 The Road to the Six Kingdoms A 2011study estimated there are about 8.6 million species on earth. Only 1.8 million species have been identified and named. *Chromista is a sub-kingdom group

More information

Biology Science Crosswalk

Biology Science Crosswalk SB1. Students will analyze the nature of the relationships between structures and functions in living cells. a. Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including

More information

Week 7.2 Ch 4 Microevolutionary Proceses

Week 7.2 Ch 4 Microevolutionary Proceses Week 7.2 Ch 4 Microevolutionary Proceses 1 Mendelian Traits vs Polygenic Traits Mendelian -discrete -single gene determines effect -rarely influenced by environment Polygenic: -continuous -multiple genes

More information

Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles

Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles What you must know The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. The role of meiosis and fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The importance

More information

Chapter 1 Biology: Exploring Life

Chapter 1 Biology: Exploring Life Chapter 1 Biology: Exploring Life PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Seventh Edition Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko Figure 1.0_1 Chapter 1:

More information

Classification. copyright cmassengale

Classification. copyright cmassengale Classification 1 Species of Organisms There are 13 billion known species of organisms This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived!!!!! New organisms are still being found and identified 2 What is

More information

= Sexual Reproduction. 2 Types of Reproduction. Key Terms Gonads- sex organs (testes, ovaries) Sexual Reproduction. What is Meiosis?

= Sexual Reproduction. 2 Types of Reproduction. Key Terms Gonads- sex organs (testes, ovaries) Sexual Reproduction. What is Meiosis? Sexual And Meiosis 2 Types of Asexual Sexual Sexual Increases survival for both plants and animals by passing genetic material within generations. Creates VARIETY in a species by the reassortment (mixing)

More information

Chapter 5 Biological Concepts

Chapter 5 Biological Concepts Chapter 5 Biological Concepts Karleskint Turner Small Key Concepts All living organisms are composed of cells. Cells can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic Cells produce new cells by the process of cell

More information

Chapter 7. Evolution and the Fossil Record

Chapter 7. Evolution and the Fossil Record Chapter 7 Evolution and the Fossil Record 1 Guiding Questions What lines of evidence convinced Charles Darwin that organic evolution produced the species of the modern world? What are the two components

More information

Outline. Classification of Living Things

Outline. Classification of Living Things Outline Classification of Living Things Chapter 20 Mader: Biology 8th Ed. Taxonomy Binomial System Species Identification Classification Categories Phylogenetic Trees Tracing Phylogeny Cladistic Systematics

More information

Mount Auburn International Academy SABIS School Network. Term 2 End of Term Revision Sheet Level J Science SABIS PHYSICAL EARTH / ISBN

Mount Auburn International Academy SABIS School Network. Term 2 End of Term Revision Sheet Level J Science SABIS PHYSICAL EARTH / ISBN Mount Auburn International Academy SABIS School Network Science Level J / Grade 8 Term 2 End of Term Revision Sheet Level J Science SABIS PHYSICAL EARTH / ISBN 41-14091-13 Ch. 2 Earthquakes and Volcanoes

More information

CHAPTER 1 BIOLOGY THE SCIENCE OF LIFE

CHAPTER 1 BIOLOGY THE SCIENCE OF LIFE CHAPTER 1 BIOLOGY THE SCIENCE OF LIFE BIOLOGICAL THEMES 1. Cell Structure & Function cell is the basic unit of life all organisms are composed of at least one cell Unicellular single celled ; bacteria,

More information

Classification Systems. - Taxonomy

Classification Systems. - Taxonomy Classification Systems - Taxonomy Why Classify? 2.5 million kinds of organisms Not complete- 20 million organisms estimated Must divide into manageable groups To work with the diversity of life we need

More information

Chapter 18: Classification

Chapter 18: Classification Chapter 18: Classification Dichotomous Key A way to identify unknown organisms Contains major characteristics of groups of organisms Pairs of CONTRASTING descriptions 4. After each description key either

More information

Natural Selection. Factors for Natural Selection: 1. Variation 2. Heritability 3. Overproduction (Overpopulation) 4. Reproductive Advantage

Natural Selection. Factors for Natural Selection: 1. Variation 2. Heritability 3. Overproduction (Overpopulation) 4. Reproductive Advantage Natural Selection Variation: Heritability: Overproduction: Reproductive Advantage Driven by Environment Factors for Natural Selection: 1. Variation 2. Heritability 3. Overproduction (Overpopulation) 4.

More information

SG 9.2 notes Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants

SG 9.2 notes Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants Ideas about targets and terms: 9.2 In the past, all living things were classified in either the kingdom of animals or plants Euglena are singled celled organisms in pond water They are green, so contain,

More information

Evolution. 1. The figure below shows the classification of several types of prairie dogs.

Evolution. 1. The figure below shows the classification of several types of prairie dogs. Name: Date: 1. The figure below shows the classification of several types of prairie dogs. 3. Which statement describes the best evidence that two species share a recent common ancestor? A. The species

More information

Unit Two: Biodiversity. Chapter 4

Unit Two: Biodiversity. Chapter 4 Unit Two: Biodiversity Chapter 4 A. Classifying Living Things (Ch.4 - page 100) Scientific knowledge is constantly evolving ( changing ): new evidence is discovered laws and theories are tested and possibly

More information

Classification. One Big Mess!

Classification. One Big Mess! Classification One Big Mess! Three domains, 5 (or 6) Kingdoms Let s make a big chart. Cell type? Chromosomes? Ribosomes? Cell wall or not? Made of what? Unicellular or multicellular? Autotroph or heterotroph?

More information

Changes Over Time EVOLUTION

Changes Over Time EVOLUTION Changes Over Time EVOLUTION Charles Darwin The Father of Evolution History Darwin s World (1809-1875) Height of the British colonial period. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution. New Ideas: Taxonomy

More information

Hierarchies can be represented as trees:

Hierarchies can be represented as trees: Diversity of Life Classification - an organized scheme for grouping organisms - a tool for communication - Hierarchical - a series of successive and inclusive rankings Domain - the highest rank - contains

More information

Macroevolution Part I: Phylogenies

Macroevolution Part I: Phylogenies Macroevolution Part I: Phylogenies Taxonomy Classification originated with Carolus Linnaeus in the 18 th century. Based on structural (outward and inward) similarities Hierarchal scheme, the largest most

More information

Taxonomy. The science of naming organisms.

Taxonomy. The science of naming organisms. Taxonomy The science of naming organisms. Why Classify? Aristotle Did It Plant or animal? If an animal, does it Fly Swim Crawl Simple classifications Used common names Carolus Linnaeus did it better

More information

chapter 18 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

chapter 18 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. chapter 18 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to

More information

Vocabulary: Fill in the definition for each word. Use your book and/or class notes. You can put the words in your own words. Animalia: Archaea:

Vocabulary: Fill in the definition for each word. Use your book and/or class notes. You can put the words in your own words. Animalia: Archaea: Name: _ Due Date: _ Per: _ Unit 4.2 Study Guide Directions: Complete all sections to the best of your ability. On the day of the Quiz (the due date for this assignment) turn this in with all of your Unit

More information

Reproduction- passing genetic information to the next generation

Reproduction- passing genetic information to the next generation 166 166 Essential Question: How has biological evolution led to the diversity of life? B-5 Natural Selection Traits that make an organism more or less likely to survive in an environment and reproduce

More information

Rapid Learning Center Chemistry :: Biology :: Physics :: Math

Rapid Learning Center Chemistry :: Biology :: Physics :: Math Rapid Learning Center Chemistry :: Biology :: Physics :: Math Rapid Learning Center Presents Teach Yourself AP Biology in 24 Hours 1/37 *AP is a registered trademark of the College Board, which does not

More information

Carolus Linnaeus System for Classifying Organisms. Unit 3 Lesson 2

Carolus Linnaeus System for Classifying Organisms. Unit 3 Lesson 2 Carolus Linnaeus System for Classifying Organisms Unit 3 Lesson 2 Students will be able to: Conclude some of the classification benefits and importance. Define what is meant by species. Describe the binomial

More information

Binary fission occurs in prokaryotes. parent cell. DNA duplicates. cell begins to divide. daughter cells

Binary fission occurs in prokaryotes. parent cell. DNA duplicates. cell begins to divide. daughter cells Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Some eukaryotes reproduce through mitosis. Binary fission is similar in function to mitosis. Asexual reproduction is the creation of offspring from a single parent. Binary fission

More information

2 Big Challenges of Classification

2 Big Challenges of Classification Classification Classification Classify to group things together based on similarities Why Classify? To make organisms/items easier to identify To make organisms/items easier to compare Allows us to predict

More information

Chapter 6. Life on Earth: What do Fossils Reveal?

Chapter 6. Life on Earth: What do Fossils Reveal? Chapter 6 Life on Earth: What do Fossils Reveal? Fossils Fossils are the remains or traces of ancient life which have been preserved by natural causes in the Earth's crust. Fossils include both the remains

More information

CH. 18 Classification

CH. 18 Classification CH. 18 Classification Name:_ 1. Biologists use a classification system to group organisms in part because organisms a. are going extinct. b. are very numerous and diverse. c. are too much alike. d. share

More information

TEST SUMMARY AND FRAMEWORK TEST SUMMARY

TEST SUMMARY AND FRAMEWORK TEST SUMMARY Washington Educator Skills Tests Endorsements (WEST E) TEST SUMMARY AND FRAMEWORK TEST SUMMARY BIOLOGY Copyright 2014 by the Washington Professional Educator Standards Board 1 Washington Educator Skills

More information

AGENDA Go Over DUT; offer REDO opportunity Notes on Intro to Evolution Cartoon Activity

AGENDA Go Over DUT; offer REDO opportunity Notes on Intro to Evolution Cartoon Activity Date: Number your notebook and label the top the following: EVEN Pages-LEFT SIDE Page 176- Concept Map Page 178- Sequence Page 180- Vocabulary Page 182- Warm Ups Page 184- Cartoon Questions HN- Natural

More information

7 th Grade Life Science Review Packet

7 th Grade Life Science Review Packet 7 th Grade Life Science Review Packet Ms. Shirreffs Name: Introduction and Characteristics of Life 1. This year we studied life science, another word for life science is 2. Which term describes an organism

More information

Theory a well supported testable explanation of phenomenon occurring in the natural world.

Theory a well supported testable explanation of phenomenon occurring in the natural world. Evolution Theory of Evolution Theory a well supported testable explanation of phenomenon occurring in the natural world. Evolution the process by which modern organisms changed over time from ancient common

More information

1A Review Questions. Matching 6. Class 7. Order 8. Binomial nomenclature 9. Phylum 10. Species

1A Review Questions. Matching 6. Class 7. Order 8. Binomial nomenclature 9. Phylum 10. Species 1A Review Questions 1. What is taxonomy? a. Set of paired statements that are used to identify organisms b. Relationships between organisms c. A science involving naming and categorizing species based

More information