LECTURE 10A: MEIO S S
|
|
- Evangeline Patrick
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 LECTURE 10A: MEIOSIS
2 Meiosis Definition INTRODUCTION 1. Meiosis is the production of gametes, which is a reduction division which means a diploid gamete produces haploid gametes - from a full complement of chromosomes to half 2. Two new cells, produced during mitosis, each have a complete set of chromosomes (a diploid cell) 3. Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half and produces two haploid cells from a diploid cell. 4. A gamete is a cell that is involved in reproduction 5. Fertilization restores the diploid (two) chromosome number by combining the haploid gametes to the fertilized zygote (A zygote is a diploid cell that results from the union of two haploid cells). 6. At the end of meiosis gametes are produced, four cells - each with half a set of chromosomes - haploid cells 7. One set of chromosomes from each parent
3 Gametes Sex chromosomes (X & Y) Autosomes (non-sex chromsomes) Somatic cells have 2 sets of autosomes Gametes have one set of sex Gametes have one set of sex chromosomes and one set of autosomes
4 Gametes are Haploid Gametes must have half the genetic material of a normal cell If the genetic material in the gametes was not halved, when they combined the zygote would have more genetic material than the parents Meiosis is specialized cell division resulting in cells with half the genetic material of the parents Gametes have exactly one set of chromosomes, this state is called haploid (1n) Regular cells have two sets of chromosomes, this state is called diploid (2n)
5 How it works... The chromosomes are duplicated in the S phase of interphase (just like mitosis) In Meiosis there are 2 cell divisions In mitosis the chromosomes line up In mitosis the chromosomes line up individually, but in meiosis they line up in homologous pairs, next to each other
6 p-arm ( short ) Terminology q-arm ( long ) <= centromere NOR, ==> Acrocentic chromosomes 13, 14, 15 21, 22 autosomes Xp21 Ideogram of the human chromosomes Sex chromosomes
7
8 A little more basic terminology
9 INTRODUCTION 5. Chromosomes are paired one set are maternal chromosomes, the others are paternal 6. Members of the pair are homologous chromosomes 7. There are two divisions in meiosis: meiosis I and meiosis II. Each division may include a prophase, metapahse, anaphase and telophase 8. As in mitosis the chromosomes are duplicated in the S phase of interphase. 9. In meiosis I, the members of each homologous pair of chromosomes are separated into two daughter cells
10 INTRODUCTION 10. The chromosomes were duplicated prior to meiosis I so that there are two chromotids in each daughter cell. 11. In meiosis II, chromotids separate into individual chromosomes and enter different haploid daughter cells 12. In Prophase I, homologous chromosomes are paired, one of them is from the mother and one from the father. Remember each chromosome is comprised of two chromatids so that there are four chromatids present at this time. 13. The complex of four chromatids is called a tetrad. The fastening together is called the synapsis. In humans there are 23 tetrads (or 92 chromatids). The number of tetrads is equal to the number of haploid chromosomes.
11 MEIOSIS vs MITOSIS In mitosis there is one cell division resulting in two daughters with the identical set of chromosomes as the parent cell. In meiosis there are two cell divisions, producing four daughters. Each cell has the haploid number of chromosomes that is one member of each homolgous pair (one set from each parent) So that
12 MEIOSIS vs MITOSIS So that Mitosis - diploid somatic cells yield diploid somatic cells one cell divides into 2 duplicates of itself Meiosis - Diploid gamete producing cells divide into haploid gametes one cell divides into four cells but they are a mix of the original Meiosis has two divisions. Similar interphase as in mitosis.
13 MEIOSIS vs MITOSIS Prophase I there are two homologous pairs, half of each pair is maternal and half is paternal. Each chromosome consists of two chromatids at this time Synapsis or the pairing of homologous pairs results in the coming together of four (two maternal and two paternal) chromatids instead of just two. This is called a tetrad. The number of tetrads equals the haploid number of chromosomes (half). Since humans have 46 chromosomes, there are 23 tetrads and a total of 92 chromatids.
14 MEIOSIS vs MITOSIS Each cell duplicates the haploid (half of chromosomes) which combines with the other haploids into tetrads. Instead of one homologous pair there are two. They separate and one of each pair move to ends of the cell and then the cell separates, another interphase occurs and the second series of meiosis begins.
15 Stages Of Meiosis
16 Overview
17 Steps are similar to mitosis Duplicated chromosomes (chromatids) are present after interphase The chromatids become paired One of each pair is contributed by the organism s mother, the other by the father Because the pairing is of chromatids (2n) there are actually 4 chromosomes present in what is called a tetrad
18 Stages Of Meiosis 1. Meiosis resembles mitosis except that it is actually two divisions not one 2. These divisions are called Meiosis I and Meiosis II 3. Meiosis I results in haploid cells with chromosomes made up of two chromatids 4. Meiosis II is essentially mitosis on haploid cells 5. Stages of meiosis resemble mitosis with two critical differences: the first in prophase I and the second in Metaphase I
19 6. The number of tetrads is the haploid number of chromosomes (humans have 46 chromosomes, so in prophase 1 there are 92 chromatids and 23 tetrads) 7. Combination process is called synapsis 8. Sometimes during synapsis, genetic material is exchanged between chromosomes in process called crossing over 9. All genes located on a particular linkage group and tend to be inherited together except for crossing over
20 Stages Of Meiosis - Meiosis I Prophase I - The beginning phase DNA which was unraveled and spread all over the nucleus is condensed and packaged Homologous chromosomes (each made of two identical chromatids) come together and form tetrads (4 chromatids) Crossing over, in which chromatids within tetrads exchange genetic material, occurs
21 Stages Of Meiosis - Meiosis I Metaphase I - Middle stage Tetrads line up along the equator of the cell and sister chromatids orient toward opposite poles Anaphase 1 Tetrads separate and move toward poles but chromatids still connected by centromere! One copy of each chromosome still composed of two chromatids moves to each pole of the cell
22 Stages Of Meiosis - Meiosis I Telophase I - End stage New nuclear membranes are formed around the chromosomes and cytokinesis (cytoplasm division) occurs resulting in two haploid daughter cells At the end of telophase 1 there are two doubled chromosomes at each end of cell.
23 Meiosis
24 Meiosis
25 Stages Of Meiosis - Meiosis II Prophase II Cells do not typically go into interphase between meiosis I and II, thus chromosomes are already condensed Metaphase II Chromosomes line up at the equator of the two haploid cells produced in meiosis I Because homologous pairs line up in Metaphase 1 there is a 50/50 chance of which one of each pair will go to each pole In humans with 23 chromosomes any couple would have 2 23 x 2 23 chance of different possible children (about 1 in 70 trillion and this doesn t account for crossing over!)
26 Stages Of Meiosis - Meiosis II Anaphase II - Chromosomes made up of two chromatids split to make chromosomes with one chromatid which migrate to the poles of the cells. Centromeres split in anaphase 2 and chromatids move to poles Telophase II - Cytokinesis and reformation of the nuclear membrane in haploid cells each with one set of chromosomes made of one chromatid. At the end of telophase there is one chromatid at each end (haploid)
27 Meiosis
28 Meiosis
29 Meiosis
30 Mother cell Stages Of Meiosis: Meiosis I Interphase Prophase I: Condensing Chromosomes Prophase I: Tetrad formation/ crossing over Metaphase I Meiosis II Telophase I Anaphase I
31 Telophase I Stages Of Meiosis: Prophase II Meiosis II The products of meiosis are 4 haploid cells each with a unique set of chromosomes. Metaphase II The products of mitosis are 2 diploid cells with identical chromosomes. Anaphase II Telophase II
32 Crossing Over Prophase I: Tetrad formation/ crossing over Metaphase I Anaphase I Because of crossing over, every gamete receives a unique set of genetic information. Telophase II Telophase I
33 A packaged chromosome Chromosomes, Chromatids and Centromeres Chromatid Identical chromatid Chromoso me arm Two identical chromosomes Centromere Replication Anaphase Chromosome arm
34 In The Beginning Two 1. Humans and many other complex multicelled organisms incorporate genetic recombination in their reproduction 2. Reproduction in which there is a re-mixing of the genetic material is called sexual reproduction 3. Two cells, a sperm and an egg, unite to form a zygote, the single cell from which the organism develops 4. Meiosis is the process of producing sperm and eggs (gametes)
35 Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote Egg 1n Haploid nucleus Sperm Haploid nucleus 2n
36 Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote Egg 1n Haploid nucleus Sperm Haploid nucleus 2n
37 Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote Egg 1n Haploid nucleus Haploid nucleus Sperm 2n
38 Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote Egg 1n Haploid nucleus Haploid nucleus Sperm 2n
39 Zygote From Zygote to Embryo Zygote 2n 2n
40 From Zygote to Embryo Cleavage
41 Cleavage From Zygote to Embryo
42 Cleavage From Zygote to Embryo
43 Cleavage From Zygote to Embryo
44 Morula From Zygote to Embryo
45
46 Meiosis
47 Meiosis overview Meiosis I Prophase of Meiosis I is longer than mitotic prophase. In Metaphase I, the two copies of each replicated chromosome pair at the metaphase plate (a tetrad), unlike mitosis. In Anaphase I, each chromosome moves to pole without chromatid separation. At the end of Meiosis I, the chromosome # has been reduced, but each chromosome still has two chromatids.
48 Meiosis overview Meiosis II The chromosomes are not replicated in the interphase between Meiosis I & Meiosis II. The chromatids finally separate in Anaphase II. The final result is four haploid gametes, each with half the number of chromosomes present in the diploid cells.
49 Chromosomes in Meiosis (in a diploid)
50
51 Crossing over Occurs during prophase I Chiasma (pl. chiasmata) indicate where chromosomes have exchanged genetic material
52 Crossing over (Recombination)
53 The Genes in Meiosis
54 Meiosis, continued
55 The End
Meiosis vs Mitosis. How many times did it go through prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase?
Meiosis vs Mitosis Mitosis produces identical copies of cells for growth or repair. Meiosis produces egg cells or sperm cells. Look at the diagram of meiosis: What happened during prophase I? How many
More informationMeiosis. The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced.
MEIOSIS Meiosis The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced. diploid (2n) haploid (n) (complete set of chromosomes) (half the regular number of
More informationMeiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Meiosis Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, a union of two cells from two individual organisms. If those two cells each contain one set of chromosomes, then the resulting cell
More informationYou have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the
MEIOSIS You have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the ovaries and testes. Gametes are sex cells: egg
More informationAgenda. 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo
Meiosis SBI 3U Agenda 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo Learning Goals By the end of today s lesson, you will be able: To use proper vocabulary related to this unit, including meiosis,
More informationOverview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview I. Cell Types II. Meiosis I. Meiosis I II. Meiosis II III. Genetic Variation IV. Reproduction Overview: Variations on a Theme Figure 13.1 Living organisms
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms Are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Biology, 7 th Edition Neil Campbell
More informationCell Division (Meiosis)
Cell Division (Meiosis) Meiosis The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced. Diploid (2n) haploid (n) Meiosis is sexual reproduction. Two divisions (meiosis
More informationFor a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes
For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis Genetics Terminology: Autosomes Somatic cell Gamete Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Sex chromosomes Diploid Haploid Zygote Synapsis
More informationWarmUp 1. C. a phosphate group is removed
WarmUp 1 1. Energy is released from ATP when C. a phosphate group is removed 2. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell with four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing-
More informationSEXUAL REPRODUCTION & MEIOSIS
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION & MEIOSIS Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely related individuals of the
More information11-4 Meiosis. Chromosome Number
11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Sexual reproduction shuffles and recombines genes from two parents. During gametogenesis, genes are segregated and assorted (shuffled) into gemetes, and at fertilization,
More informationAlmost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes
Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes (2n), when they combine during fertilization, how many chromosomes
More informationReproduction & Cell Types
Reproduction & Cell Types TYPES OF REPRODUCTION Asexual Relies on MITOSIS All of the parent s DNA goes to the offspring Sexual Relies on MEIOSIS Used to create sex cells TYPES OF CELLS Body Cells Includes
More informationgametes Gametes somatic cells diploid (2n) haploid (n)
Overview of Meiosis Meiosis is a form of cell division that leads to the production of gametes. Gametes: egg cells and sperm cells (reproductive) -contain half the number of chromosomes of an adult body
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 10. Halving the Chromosome Number. Homologous Pairs
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 10 Outline Reduction in Chromosome Number Homologous Pairs Meiosis Overview Genetic Recombination Crossing-Over Independent Assortment Fertilization Meiosis I Meiosis
More informationMeiosis * OpenStax. This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
OpenStax-CNX module: m45466 1 Meiosis * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section, you will be able to: Abstract
More informationWhat is Mitosis? What is the purpose of Mitosis? Growth Repair Asexual reproduction What is the ultimate result of Mitosis?
Sexual Reproduction What is Mitosis? What is the purpose of Mitosis? Growth Repair Asexual reproduction What is the ultimate result of Mitosis? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fyfdfdrymq Somatic cells
More informationSEXUAL REPRODUCTION MEIOSIS SPERMATOGENESIS & OOGENESIS 2/6/2011. Asexual Reproduction:
Asexual Reproduction: SEXUAL REPRODUCTON & MEOSS Many single-celled organisms reproduce by splitting, budding, parthenogenesis. Some multicellular organisms can reproduce asexually, produce clones (offspring
More information11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with
More informationChapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Question? Does Like really beget Like? The offspring will resemble the parents, but they may not be exactly like them. This chapter deals with reproduction of
More informationTypical Life Cycle of Algae and Fungi. 5 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Module 3B Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles In this module, we will examine a second type of cell division used by eukaryotic cells called meiosis. In addition, we will see how the 2 types of eukaryotic cell
More informationSexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s
Sexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s somatic cells: all the cells in the body except for specialized sex cells each somatic cell has a specific # of chromosomes - ( humans have 46, 23
More informationHuman Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation
OpenStax-CNX module: m58013 1 Human Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation Willy Cushwa Based on Meiosis by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons
More informationMitosis Verses Meiosis
Mitosis Verses Meiosis Name LT: I can compare mitosis and meiosis using various resources. Standards: 4.1b, 4.1c Visit the following links: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-ldpgefahi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzdmg7ke69g
More informationCell division / Asexual reproduction
Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produces cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes same genetic information Asexual
More informationMEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU
MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes such as animals, plants and fungi The number of sets of chromosomes
More informationMeiosis. Section 8-3
Meiosis Section 8-3 Meiosis process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number in the original cell For example, in humans, meiosis produces haploid reproductive
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationCELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10
CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION Chapter 10 Cell division = The formation of 2 daughter cells from a single parent cell Increases ratio of surface area to volume for each cell Allows for more efficient exchange
More informationBIOL 160 Lab Module 10. Meiosis
BIOL 160 Lab Module 10 Meiosis Chromosome number Human cells - Diploid 46 total chromosomes per cell 46 - Diploid number Humans cells - 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes 23 - Haploid number The number
More information9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35
9-4 Meiosis 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 11-4 Meiosis Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that
More informationMEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION PART I: MEIOSIS
MEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION Meiosis involves two successive nuclear divisions that produce four haploid cells. Meiosis I is the reduction division. It is this first division that reduces the chromosome number
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationMeiosis produces haploid gametes.
Section 1: produces haploid gametes. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions How does the reduction in chromosome number occur during meiosis? What are the stages of
More informationReview of Terms. Haploid cells (1n) with one copy of each chromosome. Diploid cells (2n) with two copies of each chromosome
Review of Terms Haploid cells (1n) with one copy of each chromosome Diploid cells (2n) with two copies of each chromosome Somatic non-germline cells Gametes sex cells (eggs and sperm) Reductional division
More informationSexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Outline. Random?? fertilization. Chapter 13
Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Chapter 13 Outline Reduction Division Unique Features of Meiosis Prophase I Metaphase I Completing Meiosis Second Meiotic Division Sexual Reproduction Origin and Maintenance
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge, Simon Fraser University SECOND EDITION
More informationbiology Slide 1 of 35 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
biology 1 of 35 Do Now: Turn in mitosis worksheet Write down your homework http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome -2 http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome
More information4/6/2014. Chromosome Number
Meiosis 1of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with just
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
More informationThe Cell Cycle & Cell Division
The Cell Cycle & Cell Division http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2001/press.html The Cell Cycle Animated Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm MITOSIS Mitosis The process of cell division
More informationMeiosis. Introduction. A life cycle is the generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.
Meiosis The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is believed to have originated near Iran and southern Afghanistan. The flowers are bright red with five petals. After the flower is fertilized with pollen the
More informationBell Ringer 02/02/15. Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures.
Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures. 1. Nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes condense 2. Nuclear membrane reappears and cells begin to fully separate Bell Ringer 02/02/15
More informationCHAPTER 6. Chromosomes and Meiosis
CHAPTER 6 Chromosomes and Meiosis CHROMOSOMES DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a long, thin molecule that directs cellular functions and heredity. DNA contains information that is encoded in segments called
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationKEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle Why must cells divide? Growth and Repair -
More informationSexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17
Sexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17 1 The Importance of Meiosis Meiosis is a two stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. Meiosis is the process by which
More informationSexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Chapter 11
Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Chapter 11 1 Sexual life cycle Made up of meiosis and fertilization Diploid cells Somatic cells of adults have 2 sets of chromosomes Haploid cells Gametes (egg and sperm)
More informationCell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.
Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Variations on a Theme Living
More informationName: Date: Period: Cell Cycles and DNA Study Guide
Name: Date: Period: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the chemical inside the nucleus of cells that contains hereditary information. DNA is shaped like a double helix/twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles What you must know The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. The role of meiosis and fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The importance
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationChapter 13. Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles. Chromosome number. An Overview of Meiosis. Overview of Meiosis
Chapter 13 and Sexual Life Cycles Chromosome number Human cells Diploid 46 total per cell 46 Diploid number Humans cells 23 pairs of homologous 23 Haploid number The number of different kinds of An Overview
More informationBiology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis
Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis 6:1 Chromosomes DNA GENES CHROMATIN/CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES/CHROMATIN are made of units called GENES. GENES are made of a compound called deoxyribonucleic acid or
More informationCH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
CH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles AP Biology 2005-2006 Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produce cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA
More informationMEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
MEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Why do kids look different from the parents? How are they similar to their parents? Why aren t brothers or sisters more alike? Meiosis A process where the number
More informationHonors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis
Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis 1. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4 2. Chromatids that are
More information11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Slide 1 of 35
Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with just one set. Chromosome
More informationMeiosis: M-Phase part 2. How is meiosis different from mitosis? Some terms: Some terms: Some terms:
M-Phase part 2 Meiosis and Cytokinesis Meiosis: A special type of cell division that produces gametes. Cell division that occurs in sex organs. 2 successive nuclear divisions Genetic mistakes (gene and
More informationCellular Reproduction. MXMS 7th Grade Science
Cellular Reproduction MXMS 7th Grade Science What is cell division? 2 primary methods allow for cells to divide and reproduce themselves: A. Mitosis: produces identical offspring B. Meiosis: produces genetically
More informationCHAPTER 10 : CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION K C MEENA PGT BIOLOGY KVS
CHAPTER 10 : CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION K C MEENA PGT BIOLOGY KVS Cell cycle It is a series of events that takes place in a cell, leading to the formation of two daughter cells from a single mother cell.
More informationEssential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR
Essential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR meiosis plus fertilization Objective: You will be able
More informationMEIOSIS. KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
MEIOSIS MEIOSIS KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. MEIOSIS : CELL TYPES You have Body cells and Gametes Body cells are also called somatic cells. Germ cells develop
More informationMGC New Life Christian Academy
A. Meiosis Main Idea: Meiosis produces haploid gametes. Key Concept: Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationDivision of sex cells
Division of sex cells MEIOSIS VOCABULARY: Diploid = a cell containing TWO sets of chromosomes. one set inherited from each parent 2n (number of chromosomes) body b d cells (somatic cells) MEIOSIS VOCABULARY:
More informationName Class Date. Term Definition How I m Going to Remember the Meaning
11.4 Meiosis Lesson Objectives Contrast the number of chromosomes in body cells and in gametes. Summarize the events of meiosis. Contrast meiosis and mitosis. Describe how alleles from different genes
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles What you must know The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. The role of meiosis and fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The importance
More informationCELL CYCLE, MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS NOTES
CELL CYCLE, MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS NOTES DNA - Genetic information is stored in the DNA strand in the form of genes. DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid Genes located on the DNA strand 2 Types of DNA
More informationBIOLOGY. Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Variations on a Theme Living
More informationCLASS XI CHAPTER 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION
CLASS XI CHAPTER 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION Cell cycle It is a series of events that takes place in a cell, leading to the formation of two daughter cells from a single mother cell. Phases of cell
More informationCell Division. Mitosis
Cell division consists of two phases, nuclear division followed by cytokinesis. Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. There are two kinds
More informationLearning Objectives LO 3.7 The student can make predictions about natural phenomena occurring during the cell cycle. [See SP 6.4]
Big Ideas 3.A.2: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis or meiosis plus fertilization. CHAPTER 13 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL
More informationbiology Slide 1 of 35 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
biology 1 of 35 Why do you look a little like your mom and your dad? Why do you look a little like your grandma but your brother or sister looks a little like your grandpa? How is the way you look and
More informationLesson Overview Meiosis
11.4 THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION NOTES
CELL REPRODUCTION NOTES CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION The adult human body produces roughly cells every day. WHY DO CELLS REPRODUCE? So that the organism can and As multicellular organisms grow larger, its
More informationMeiosis CH 4 BIOL 100. Chromosome number. Overview of Meiosis. Human cells - Diploid. 46 total chromosomes per cell Diploid number
CH 4 BIOL 100 Chromosome number Human cells - Diploid 46 total chromosomes per cell 46 - Diploid number Humans cells - 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes 23 - Haploid number The number of different kinds
More informationHeredity Variation Genetics Meiosis
Genetics Warm Up Exercise: -Using your previous knowledge of genetics, determine what maternal genotype would most likely yield offspring with such characteristics. -Use the genotype that you came up with
More informationBiology Kevin Dees. Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Reproduction Characteristic of all living things Reproduction also involves the transmission of traits from one generation to the next; inheritance Heredity Latin
More informationChapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles. Reproduction
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Reproduction Characteristic of all living things Reproduction also involves the transmission of traits from one generation to the next; inheritance Heredity Latin
More informationPurposes of Cell Division
Purposes of Cell Division Increase the number of cells for growth and repair of worn out tissues What examples in the human body can you think of? Transmit genetic information to later generations Why
More informationOutline for today s lecture (Ch. 13)
Outline for today s lecture (Ch. 13) Sexual and asexual life cycles Meiosis Origins of Genetic Variation Independent assortment Crossing over ( recombination ) Heredity Transmission of traits between generations
More information11.4 Meiosis. Vocabulary: Homologous Diploid Haploid Meiosis Crossing-over Tetrad
11.4 Meiosis Vocabulary: Homologous Diploid Haploid Meiosis Crossing-over Tetrad Key Concept: What happens during the process of meiosis? How is MEIOSIS different than mitosis? Blast from the past What
More informationMitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology
Mitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology by Mark Anestis Practice problems for these concepts can be found at : Cell Division Review Questions for AP Biology Mitosis During mitosis, the fourth stage of the cell
More informationQuestion #1 What must occur in order for Mendel s principles to hold true?
11.4 Question #1 What must occur in order for Mendel s principles to hold true? An organism with two parents must inherit a single copy of every gene from each parent When that organism produces gametes,
More informationMeiosis & Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction 2007-2008 Turn in warm ups to basket! Prepare for your test! Get out your mitosis/meiosis foldable After the test: New vocabulary! 2/23/17 Draw and label the parts of the
More informationFertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring
In sexual reproduction Fertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring In asexual reproduction Offspring are produced by a single parent, without the participation of sperm and egg CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
More informationMeiosis & Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction 2007-2008 Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produce cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes
More informationLadies and Gentlemen.. The King of Rock and Roll
Ladies and Gentlemen.. The King of Rock and Roll Learning Objectives: The student is able to construct an explanation, using visual representations or narratives, as to how DNA in chromosomes is transmitted
More informationCh. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Introduction Ch. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles 2004-05 Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. -Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely
More informationGametes are the reproductive cells - the egg or the sperm. Gametes.
Meiosis Meiosis is the type of cell division for that produces the cells ( ) which are also known as gametes. Two important characteristics of meiosis is that it reduces the number of chromosomes to half
More informationCell Reproduction Review
Name Date Period Cell Reproduction Review Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G 0, G1, S, G2, and M. 1 CELL DIVISION Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain
More informationSexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis.
Sexual Reproduction Recall that asexual reproduction involves only one parent cell. This parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction,
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.13 - MEIOSIS.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Meiosis is a special type of cell division that occurs as part of the sexual life cycle of eukaryotes Sexual reproduction parents donate a unique mixture
More informationMeiosis Production of Chromosome Hybrids & Gametes. Packet #29
Meiosis Production of Chromosome Hybrids & Gametes Packet #29 Introduction Meiosis, discovered in 1883, was first observed through the fertilized egg and individual gametes, sperm and unfertilized egg,
More informationMeiosis. Nature s Design of Genetic Variability
Meiosis Nature s Design of Genetic Variability Mitosis vs Meiosis Characteristics!!! Mitosis Meiosis Purpose Location Number of Cells at End Human (start) Human (end) Number of Chromosomes Homologous Chromosome
More informationChapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide
Chromosomes and Meiosis Specialized cells in the body Chromosomes 2 types: Chapter 6: Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Gamete Production Lecture Guide (body cells) Makes up your DNA in your body cells passed
More information8.8 Growth factors signal the cell cycle control system
The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance : part II PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Seventh Edition Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Biology 1408 Dr. Chris Doumen
More information