Microbiology 1 (MICR V01)

Transcription

1 Microbiology 1 (MICR V01) Lecture: Dr. Marta D. de Jesus (Ph.D.) Lab (SCI-311): with Prof. Eden Bellenson Please pick up all handouts. Introduction What is MICR V01? Nuts & bolts Syllabus Roll Helps & Hints Who is this class for? Nursing RN and beyond (BSN, MSN, DNP, PhD) Other pre-health dental hygiene, DDS, PharmD, OD, PA, DPT, DVM, etc. Other interests bioengineering, chemical engineering, biotechnology, etc. Note: NOT usually recommended for MD or DO (not accepted as units by medical schools in general), or Microbiology majors. Pre-requisites for MICR V01 CHEM V20 & V20L/V30 or V30 L/V 01 & V01L (requires beg. algebra) AND PHSO V01 (requires ANAT V01) or BIOL V04 What topics did you get from those courses that you will use here? Scientific method Metric system (& conversions) Subatomic particles, periodic table, element descriptions, chemical symbols & formulas, acids, bases/alkalis & buffers Basic microscopy, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells (animal & plant cells), cell division, biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) Basic enzyme function, molecular biology (DNA replication, RNA transcription & protein synthesis), metabolic processes (glycolysis, aerobic respiration, photosynthesis), Basic taxonomy Human anatomy & physiology (including an intro to the immune system) If you don t remember or are shaky on a number of these, this class will be very difficult. 1

2 Ventura College websites: MyVCCCD.edu portal (WebStar, EMS, etc.) My Website for my classes: get class alert messages: Send a text with your cellphone to my address containing: a) your name b) your cellphone carrier s name Course Syllabus A. COURSE DESCRIPTION B. METHOD OF INSTRUCTION C. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES D. COURSE OBJECTIVES E. COURSE TOPICS/UNITS F. CORE COMPETENCIES G. TEXTBOOK(S) AND REQUIRED SUPPLIES Optional Books (but can be helpful) Required Lecture Textbook Lab Manual 2

3 Course Syllabus H. GRADING PLAN Guaranteed grades % -> A 80-89% -> B 70-79% -> C 60-69% -> D Below -> F (lecture %).75 + (lab %).25 = final % Course Syllabus COURSE COMPONENT SPECIFICS Lecture: 75% of total grade Lecture Tests: 20 points each (2 lowest scores will be dropped) Lecture Final: 110 points (Please sit every other seat for tests & exams) Writing Assignment: 50 points Total Points: 420 Lab: 25% of total grade For Weekly Tests: For Final Exam: Course Syllabus I. CLASSROOM RULES OF CONDUCT Academic Dishonesty Disruption/Obstruction of class Lab Safety J. Some of the On-Campus Student Help If transfering: K. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3

4 Course Syllabus L. Other miscellaneous helps DISCLAIMER M. Bloom s Taxonomy (types of questions that are fair game on college exams) N. PLANNED SCHEDULE Introduction What is MICR V01? Nuts & bolts Syllabus Roll Helps & Hints How to Learn Better AFFIDAVIT & Student Information Sheet (due next lecture) Dale s Cone of Experience - the more you re involved, the more you get out of the information. Introduction - What is Microbiology? Anti-learning: distraction (includes members of 5 of the 6 Kingdoms of Life, plus some non-living pathogens) 4

5 Characteristics of Microbes: Characteristics of Microbes: 2. ubiquitous 16,600x (when image is 2 in x 2 in) Characteristics of Microbes: 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical Characteristics of Microbes: 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical 4. medically important source of antibiotics World-wide disease 5

6 Characteristics of Microbes: 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically critical 4. medically important 5. economically important Characteristics of Microbes: 2. ubiquitous 3. ecologically important 4. medically important 5. economically important 6. often beneficial biofuels bioremediation Applications: medical environmental industrial & Microbial metabolism 6

7 What is Science? sciens (Latin) 1. process/method What is Science? sciens (Latin) 1. process/method 2. information Scientific Method (old version) What is not Science? examples Art Literature Philosophy Theology/Religion (and some subjects are in between ) observation starts it (Experiment) Results many experiments, many results later 7

8 Newer model of scientific method In every experiment, we often have 2 groups: experimental control In lab, sometimes we ll sometimes have 2 kinds of controls: positive negative Big Moments in the History of Microbiology A. Diseases & microbes 1. ancient explanations, transmission 2. fermentation 3. spontaneous generation eventually disproved 4. (in)famous diseases a. Plague of Athens ( B.C.E) b. Black Plague (1348- outbreaks until 16th Cent. ) c. Spanish Flu (1918) d. HIV -> AIDS (late 20th Cent.-?) History of Microbiology history-of-microbiology An important Contributor (before ~1850) Antonie von Leeuwenhoek 8

9 Examples of modern taxonomy and another: Carolus Linnaeus (aka Carl von Linne) Biological Taxonomy Modern Taxonomic Hierarchy Domain Dashing Kingdom King Phylum Philip Class Came Order Over Family From Genus Geneva Species Switzerland (a mnemonic) Species: Homo sapiens Species: Paramecium caudatum How are species of organisms actually named? binomial nomenclature (invented by Gaspard and Johann Bauhin; Linnaeus (1753) was the first to popularize ) species name = genus name + specific epithet eg: Staphylococcus aureus OR (underlined) Staphylococcus aureus (in italics) eg: Homo Homo Capitalized A species of = genus name + sp. eg: Staphylococcus sp. several species of = genus name + spp. eg: Homo spp. lower case sapiens sapiens : Golden Age of Microbiology A major contributor: Louis Pasteur his fermentation experiments - proved spontaneous generation does not occur in the modern world Others: 1 st anti-rabies vaccine, pasteurization, etc. (Note: Usually can t say S. aureus or H. sapiens, etc. without first using the entire name.) 9

10 The 1950 s electron microscopes: - can see smaller than cells Another major contributor Robert Koch - Koch s Postulates - pure culture techniques - staining - etc. TEM SEM Woese and Fox s Domains of Life (bigger than kingdoms) How many kingdoms of life are there? (Woese s) (Whittaker s) Two vs. Three vs. Five vs. Six Prokaryota Bacteria Monera (bacteria) Bacteria Archaea Archaea Eukarya Eukarya Protista Protista Plants Plants Fungi Fungi Animals Animals (& Kingdom) (& Kingdom) 10

11 Are we in the next Golden Age of Microbiology? Many say yes - Most of modern biotechnology and technology uses microbiology or techniques first developed with microbes. - We know more about microbes now than ever before & the information is accelerating We also face threats: Emerging & re-emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) Antibiotic resistance 2016 surprise: (major new comparison) - maybe only 2 domains. - Bacteria domain much bigger than we thought. from: Nature Microbiology 1: 1 (2016) 11