Dr. Dennis Gervin Sections: 4252, 4253, 7734,

Transcription

1 BIOLOGY 111 Dr. Dennis Gervin Sections: 4252, 4253, 7734,

2 A Guide to the Natural World How Does Science Impact Your Everyday World? What does it mean to be scientific? Why does it matter what you eat? What is cancer and how does it work? Are vaccinations effective? Safe? Who owns your genetic code? Why do we need to breathe? Will antibiotics still be effective in 5 years? Does your existence have a negative impact on our planet?

3 A Guide to the Natural World How Does Science Impact Your Everyday World? What is Science and application of the Scientific Method? Where do molecules in our body come from and how do they work? How do cells make more cells, and what controls cell growth? How does our immune system work and how can we make it work for us? What is in your DNA blueprint? What can it tell you that is important? How do we take energy from sugars and transform it into energy for life? What is evolution, and how have bacteria used it against us? How do living things interact what are the relationships?

4 BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 1: Science as a Way of Learning: A Guide to the Natural World

5 A Guide to the Natural World 1.1 How Does Science Impact the Everyday World? 1.2 What Is Science? 1.3 The Nature of Biology

6 What is Science? Science is a body of knowledge and a way of observing and understanding our physical world The unified insights of science are known as theories.

7 What is Science? The Knowledge of Science is derived through a process of observation and testing. This process is known as the Scientific Method The Scientific Method is what requires that conclusions be based on observations and experimental results. Scientific

8 The Scientific Method Observation Question Hypothesis Experiment Conclusions The steps for the Scientific Method need to follow a specific sequence, but each step often brings revision to the previous step!

9 The Scientific Method Observation Taking note of details or information about a phenomenon or event.

10 The Scientific Method Question Deciding what it is that you want to know about a system, phenomenon or event. The question should be as specific as possible The question should focus on an experimental variable

11 The Scientific Method: Question The question should focus on an experimental variable In science, a variable is a specific condition (attribute or characteristic) that can be manipulated in a way that will reveal information regarding a hypothesis. The experimental variable is the ONLY thing that should ever change in a well-designed experiment. If there is more than one variable, it is not reasonable to identify a specific cause and effect relationship.

12 The Scientific Method Hypothesis A tentative, testable explanation for an observed phenomenon. It is a reasonable response to the question that is testable and based on observations There are usually multiple hypotheses that can be applied to a specific question.

13 The Scientific Method Experiment A controlled, reproducible test that is designed to show if a hypothesis is true or false.

14 The Scientific Method Conclusion(s) A description of experimental results that uses experimental evidence to address a hypothesis.

15 The Scientific Method in Action: Observation Question Hypothesis Experiment Conclusions

16 The Scientific Method in Action: Assignment: Know how each step of the scientific method applies to this experiment

17 A Guide to the Natural World 1.1 How Does Science Impact the Everyday World? 1.2 What Is Science? 1.3 The Nature of Biology

18 The Nature of Biology Biology is the Study of Life and Living Systems Characteristics of Living Organisms: Can assimilate (take in) and use energy Can respond to their environment Can maintain a relatively constant internal environment Possess inherited information, coded in DNA, that allows them to function Successfully reproduce through use of the information encoded in DNA Are composed of one or more cells Evolved from other living things Are highly organized compared to inanimate objects

19 Biology's Chief Unifying Principle Evolution is the chief unifying principle of Biology. It is a general principle that focuses on gradual change over time. Evolution is the gradual modification of populations of living things over time

20 Biology's Chief Unifying Principle Evolution is the chief unifying principle of Biology. It is a general principle that focuses on gradual change over time. Evolution is the gradual modification of populations of living things over time, these modifications sometimes result in the development of new species.