AP Biology Summer Assignment

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1 AP Biology Summer Assignment Welcome to AP biology! AP Biology is an intense course with a lot of material that needs to be covered. Although AP Biology is a huge commitment, we will have a lot of fun. I look forward to working with each one of you next year! Here are a few items of interest before you get started on the summer assignment. I know the words summer assignment tends to send chills down any high school student s spine, but I think that you will find this assignment to be beneficial to you as we start the school year in the fall. The reason I am giving you a summer assignment is to keep your mind sharp so you are ready to hit the ground running! # TIMELINE ASSIGNED TASK Mrs. Perry at perryb@luhsd.net ( Assignment) Welcome to AP Biology! We are going to spend a lot of time together next year, so it s best if I get a head start on learning a bit about you. Also we will use the Internet and the Web a lot next year for this course, so let s get you used to communicating with me via . 1 Due ASAP 2 Due ASAP Draft an to me following these rules: 1. Use complete sentences. 2. Use spell check! This is a professional communication like you would have with a college professor, so let s practice for the future! 3. Make the Subject: AP Bio: Introduction to <Insert Your Name Here> 4. Begin the with a formal salutation, like Dear Mrs. Perry, 5. Now introduce yourself (your name) and tell me a little bit about yourself, like: a. What do you like to do (hobbies, sports, music, interests, etc.)? b. Do you have a job? c. Tell me a little bit about your family (Mom? Dad? Guardian? Siblings? Pets?) d. What do your parents do for a living? e. What did you like about your last biology class? f. What did you dislike about your last biology class? g. What are you looking forward to the most in AP Biology? h. What are you most anxious about in AP Biology? i. What is your motivation for taking AP Biology? j. What do you want to do when you graduate high school? k. Are there any special circumstances I should know about you or your life? 6. Send the to perryb@luhsd.net Purchase an AP Biology Test Preparation Book Cliff Notes: AP Biology 4 th or 5 th Edition [preferred] or Barron s AP Biology 5 th Edition Make sure it s not an earlier edition, as the course changed in Available at Barnes & Noble or Amazon.com. You will need this book to complete assignment #5 3 Ongoing 4 Due 2 nd day of class Login to YouTube and Subscribe to Bozeman Biology Mr. Anderson has a series of AP Biology podcasts. You should watch his podcasts regularly. Graphing 101 Assignment [attached] Take notes on Graphing 101 Power Point on my website. Notes must be neat and organized. Complete the attached graphing assignment [hand drawn on graph paper] me directly if you have trouble finding the Graphing 101 Power Point Due 2 nd day of class Due 2 nd day of class Due 2 nd day of class Evolution Unit Notes Read evolution unit in your AP Biology Test Preparation Book Take notes on evolution unit. Notes should be detailed and organized. Evolution Guided Notes [attached] Complete Guided Notes using the Ch 20, 17, 18, 19 Power Points on my school website. me directly if you have trouble finding the Power Points. FREE RESPONSE QUESTION [attached] Do not attempt this assignment until you have completed the Evolution Unit and Guided Notes Type your response. Include a Works Cited Page.

2 GRAPHING 101 Assignment: Due the 2 nd day of class Review the Graphing 101 Power Point on my website. Take notes on graphing. Complete this assignment All graphs must be done on graph paper; no exceptions! 1. Baby chickens, like all baby birds, require a constant source of food. As chick grow, more energy is required for daily activities, and their food requirements increase. The following data table reports the average food eaten by a group of 10 chickens over a 5-day period. Baby Chicken Food Consumption Questions Day Food Consumed (g) Identify the independent: Identify the dependent variables: How much grain did the chicks eat on day 3? Elodea, a water plant commonly found in aquariums, gives off bubbles of oxygen when placed in bright light. Students in a biology class noted that if a light were placed at different distances from the plant in an aquarium, the rate of bubble production varied. The following data table shows the average results from several trials. Elodea Bubble Production Questions Distance from Light (cm) Bubble Production Rate (bubbles per min) Identify the independent: 2. Identify the dependent variables: 3. What is the best light distance for optimal oxygen production? 3. The data below summarizes the results of a scientific experiment on the effects of a growth hormone (gibberellic acid) on plant height. A 0.1 molar solution was used in all experiments. Gibberellic Acid and Plant Height Gibberellic Acid (0.1 M) (ml) Plant Height at 1 Week (cm) Questions 1. Identify the independent variable: 2. Identify the dependent variable: 3. Estimate the plant height at 10 ml gibberellic acid. 4. Estimate the plant height at 25 ml? 5. Explain why the plant height at 60 ml is not consistent with the rest of the data. 4. A team of scientists wanted to test the effects of temperature on the germination rate of pinto beans. They placed three sets of 100 pinto bean seeds in temperature-controlled chambers: Chamber A was set at 15 o C, chamber B at 20 o C, and chamber C at 25 o C. Their results are shown in Table 1 below: Germination Rates of Pinto Beans Questions Day % Germination (15 o C) % Germination (20 o C) % Germination (25 o C) Identify the independent variable: 2. Identify the dependent variable: 3. Compare and contrast the growth rate of pinto beans at the different temperatures. 4. Summarize the experimental results.

3 Evolution Guided Notes Use the PPT s located on my website to fill in the guided notes. Chapter 20: Origin of Life 1. Identify the time frame, conditions, and evidence for each of the following steps leading to current life forms on earth. a. Origin of the earth b. Prokaryotes c. Oxidizing atmosphere d. Eukaryotic cells e. Multicellular life 2. Describe the theory of endosymbiosis. 3. What is special about chloroplasts and mitochondria? 4. Describe the hypothesized conditions on earth when life arose. 5. Based on the hypothesis about the origin of life, list the 4 events that are thought to be required for the formation of life. a. b. c. d.. 6. What processes characterize protobionts? 7. Why is RNA now thought to be the first genetic code? 8. What did Oparin, Haldane, Miller and Urey do to support the various theories of life? 9. What is the basis of the classification system developed by Linneaus? 10. Why is taxonomy considered a work in progress?

4 11. What are two problems with the five kingdom system of classification? a. b. 12. Which prokaryote is closer to the eukaryotes? List several reasons for your answer. 13. Place the following metabolic processes in an order that fits this hypothesis for the origin of life: Photosynthesis, Aerobic Respiration, Fermentation, Nucleic Acid replication (RNA or DNA), Membrane transport 14. Label the diagram to explain the Miller and Urey experiment to test the Abiotic Synthesis hypothesis. 15. Label the diagram to indicate the major events, the time frame, of the origin of life on Earth. Chapter 17: Darwin, Evolution and Evidence 16. Describe Lamarck s theory of evolution. 17. How did the observations during his voyage on the Beagle influence Darwin s theories? 18. What was so important about the Galápagos Islands in Darwin s observations? 19. What is the driving force behind the evolution of the 14 species of finches on the Galapagos?

5 20. What were the five inferences Darwin made after visiting the Galapagos? a. b. c. d. e. 21. How did Darwin s experience with artificial selection influence his theories of evolution? 22. What is the primary mechanism for evolutionary change? 23. What is another name for a successful trait? 24. What are the three conditions in nature that must be met to drive natural selection? a. b. c. 25. Briefly discuss how artificial selection leads to new species 26. What is a Homologous structure and how do they support the theory of evolution by Natural Selection? 27. What is an Analogous structure? 28. What is parallel evolution, give an example 29. Compare and Contracts Convergent and Divergent evolution, give an example of each. 30. How does the molecular record support the theory of evolution by means of Natural Selection? 31. For each of the following, indicate how it is used as evidence of evolution by natural selection. a. Paleontology b. Biogeography c. Homologous structures d. Vestigial organs e. Embryology

6 32. To Summarize this chapter, list the 4 major lines of evidence that support the theory of evolution by means of Natural Selection a. b. c. d. 33. How are pesticide resistance and drug resistance evidence of Natural selection? 34. List the different types of Natural selection and give an example of each a. b. c. 35. Discuss how a Lion s Mane leads to great fitness. Chapter 18: The Evolution Of Populations 36. What is another name for favorable traits? 37. What are (3) sources of mutations? a. b. c. 38. What are the (5) agents of evolutionary change? a. b. c. d. e. 39. Describe in detail how mutation leads to a change in relative fitness. 40. Why is genetic variation important to evolution? 41. What is the role of mutations to forming variation? 42. What factors of sexual reproduction lead to variations within a population? 43. Population genetics puts a mathematical approach to the study of microevolution. Define each of the terms commonly used in population genetics. a. population: b. gene pool: c. allele frequency: 44. How does genetic drift apply to each of the following? Give an example of each. a. Founders effect: b. Bottleneck effect

7 45. Discuss how Cheetahs have been affected by genetic drift. 46. List the five conditions that must be met by populations to insure stability (no evolution). a. b. c. d. e. 47. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg distribution of genes in a population, write the equation that describes genotype frequencies. 48. Define the following: a. p= b. 2pq= c. q= 49. How does Hardy Weinberg account for large numbers of people that are heterozygous for Sickle Cell? a. What is that called? b. What do sickled cells provide an advantage? 50. In a biological sense, what is fitness? Chapter 19: The Origin Of Species 51. Define the term species. 52. Define and give an example for each of the following mechanisms that produce reproductive isolation. a) Geographic isolation b) Temporal isolation c) Behavioral isolation d) Gamete isolation e) Postzygotic Mechanisms f) Hybrid inviability g) Hybrid sterility 53. Define these modes of Speciation a. allopatric speciation b. sympatric speciation

8 Free Response Question EVOLUTION AND CLASSIFICATION (Due the 2 nd day of AP Biology) Answers must be in essay form. Outline form is not acceptable. Labeled diagrams may be used to supplement discussion, but in no case will the diagram alone suffice. It is important that you read each question completely before you begin to write. Write all answers in the space below. Bold Keywords, Italicizes definitions and underline examples. Use the page below to BRAINSTORM, the final draft should be typed and have a works cited page. Charles Darwin Proposed that evolution by natural selection was the basis for the differences that he saw in the similar organism as he traveled and collected specimens in South America and on the Galapagos Islands. (2001:2) 1) Explain the theory of evolution by natural selection as presented by Darwin 2) Explain three of the following and how they relate to Darwin s Theory a) Convergent evolution in among separate species in similar biomes b) Speciation and Isolation c) Natural Selection and Heterozygote Advantage d) Homologous structures and comparative embryology.

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