CELL DIVISION & CELL CYCLE. Ms.Tanyaratana Dumkua Biology Department, MahidolWittayanusorn School

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1 CELL DIVISION & CELL CYCLE Ms.Tanyaratana Dumkua Biology Department, MahidolWittayanusorn School

2 Why do cells divide?

3 Growth : make an organism larger and more complex Development : cell differentiation Decrease : small size cells Repair : tissues that were damaged Replace : lost/ broken down cells Reproduce : to make more cells or organisms

4 What is happening in divided cell?

5 Prokaryotic division & Eukaryotic division Differences Chromosome : shape Chromosome : number Nucleus Organelles

6 Time = 0 min Time = 18 Hour A Bacteria B C Which flask have increasing cells? Paramecium D

7 Binary Fission : Bacterial Reproduction Why do the new cells look similar?

8 Karyokinesis & Cytokinesis

9 1 Origin of Replication 1 Chromosome = 1n (Monoploid)

10 Binary Fission : Protists Reproduction Karyokinesis & Cytokinesis

11 Karyokinesis In nucleus : a linear chromosome with many origins of replication

12 Karyokinesis

13 How many chromosomes in one nucleus? Most are diploid (2n) but some are not.

14

15 Which kind of this cell? A. Monoploid (n = 6) B. Diploid (2n = 6) C. Triploid (3n = 6)

16 Which kind of this cell? A. Monoploid (n = 9) B. Diploid (2n = 9) C. Triploid (3n = 9)

17 Which kind of this cell? A. Monoploid (n = 6) B. Diploid (2n = 6) C. Triploid (3n = 6)

18 Please draw 3 cells in your paper, First one is monoploid (n = 4), another one is diploid (2n =8), the last one is tetraploid (4n =8).?

19 Eukaryotic cell has many linear chromosomes, so, the karyokinesis of eukaryote is quite different from prokaryote. Spindle fiber : microtubule : tubulin

20

21 Cell Cycle

22 MITOSIS Nucleolus Centrosome Nuclear membrane Spindle fiber Plasma membrane

23 Cell Cycle Cytokinesis Karyokinesis Interphase Mitotic phase

24 Interphase

25 Interphase

26 Prophase - Chromatin condenses into chromosome (chromosome packing) - Nucleolus disappear - Separation of centrosome - Formation of the mitotic spindle whitefish_blastula_.jpg

27 Prophase

28 Metaphase Chromosomes line up along metaphase plate or equatorial plate (imaginary plane) At late metaphase, centromere divides, preparing to separate chromatids whitefish_blastula_.jpg

29 Metaphase

30 Anaphase Chromosomes break at centromeres, and daughter chromosomes (1csister chromatids) move to opposite ends of the cell. whitefish_blastula_.jpg

31 Anaphase

32 Telophase & Cytokinesis - Nuclear membrane reforms, nucleoli reappear, chromosome unwind into chromatin - Myosin II and actin filament ring contact to cleavage cell in two. whitefish_blastula_.jpg

33 Telophase

34 Cytokinesis Cleavage furrow : microfilament Cell plate : pectin and cellulose

35 Please draw 2 cells, one is 2n=4 at metaphase and another one is 2n=6 at anaphase

36 Amount of DNA in cell cycle 2n=4

37 MEIOSIS

38 Stages of Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II

39 Meiosis I

40 Interphase of meiosis I

41 Prophase I

42 Metaphase I

43 Anaphase I

44 Telophase I

45 Meiosis II

46 Prophase II

47 Metaphase II

48 Anaphase II

49 Telophase II

50 Meiosis I

51 Meiosis II

52 Which stages of these cells? B A C D

53 Which stages of these cells? A B C D E

54 Gamete formation

55

56

57

58 Crossing over & Gene Segregation

59 Difference between mitosis and meiosis ttps://cdn.thinglink.me/api/image/ /1240/10/scaletowidth

60 Amount of DNA in Cell Cycle

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