Animal Phyla Dichotomous Key Lab 9/30/2012 Unit 1a Quiz 9/30/2012 Soda Lab 9/1/2012 Bacteria Sampling Lab 9/1/2012

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1 Teacher: CORE Principles of Biology Year: Course: Principles of Biology Month: All Months S e p t e m b e r Unit 1a: Classification and Tools of a Biologist Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life? Unit What are some of the strategies one can use to classify living things? Unit How are the tools of a biologist (observation, scientific method, metric system and graphing) utilized in an experiment? Unit What are the Methods of classificaiton of Aristotle and Linnaeus Six kingdom system vs. the three domainsystem Characteristics of Life Abiotic and Biotic factors Survival in a changing environment: conformers and regulators; acclimation, dormancy, and migration Identify using dichotomous keys Apply the scientific method to a variety of problems Translate experimental data to a graph Identify abiotic and biotic factors in a given ecosystem Explain different tactics to surviving changes in the environment Demonstrate proper use and care of lab equipment using SI/metric system. Animal Phyla Dichotomous Key Lab 9/30/2012 Unit 1a Quiz 9/30/2012 Soda Lab 9/1/2012 Bacteria Sampling Lab 9/1/2012 Students should be able to describe both Aristotle and Linnaeus' classification systems, understanding the pro's and con's of each. Be able to describe the differences between the six kingdom system of classifcation with that of the 3 domain system. Use lab equipment (and understand metric measurements), observation skills and the scientific

2 O c t o b e r major factors of an ecosystem? Unit 1b: Ecology Semester 1 Why might ecologists consider interdependence the most important concept in studying life on Earth. Unit What are the limits/constraints nutrients (like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and water) and energy place on an ecosystem's size and stability? Unit How does the Graphing Experimental Data Passage of energy in a food chain Biogeochemical cycles: water, carbon dioxide/oxygen and nitrogen Population ecology Community ecology Components of an ecosystem Ecosystem recycling Digestive system:human anatomy Use Microscope Build Membrane Build monomer and polymers of lipids Molecule Building Labs 10/12/2012 Unit 1b Quiz - Ecology 10/12/2012 Unit 1: Comprehensive exam 10/12/2012 Vertebrate Portfolio: Unit 2 10/1/2012 Unit 2: Comprehensive exam 10/1/2012 method to create an experiment based on a problem. Utilize the periodic table to draw atoms and bonding diagrams Explain the organization of the periodic table of elements. Explain and show ionic and covalent bonding and explain why bonding makes atoms more stable. Explain why carbon is the basis of all organic molecules. Describe and give examples of hydrolysis and dehydration

3 N o v e m b e r structure of a molecule define its role in living things? How do enzymes allow living things to operate chemically? Unit 3: Cells & Homeostasis Semester 1 Why might ecologists consider interdependence the most important concept in studying life on Earth. Unit How does the structure of a cell (and the History of Cell Theory Form and Function of Cell Organelles Comparison of plant, animal and bacterial cells Predict the Utilize a microscope to examine cellular structure Identify various cell parts and their functions Apply knowledge of cell membranes to how cells the Microscope lab 11/30/2012 Comparing Cell Types (Cheek, Onion, Ulva) Lab 11/30/2012 Investigation of Surface Area/Volume Ratio in Cells synthesis reactions and how these break up and build macromolecules. State the role that carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, and nucleic acids play in living things. Explain the important role of enzymes as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Determine how the organelles in a cell function. Explain how cell structure differentiates plants, animals and bacteria Understand how various molecules enter

4 organelles within it) influence its capabilities/functions? number of covalent bonds formed by common organic elements (CHONPS) and explain how atomic structure dictates this formation. Importance of Carbon in organic molecules - single, double and triple bonds Structure and function of phospholipids in the cell membrane Roles that proteins play within the cell membrane Methods of Cellular Transportation- Passive Transport and Active Transport react to their environment Predict movement of various molecules into/out of cells 11/30/2012 Osmosis/Diffusion Lab 11/1/2012 Cell Structure and Function Test 11/1/2012 Vertebrate Portfolio: Unit 3 12/21/2012 or exit the cell.

5 Unit 2: Cells & Homeostasis Semester 1 What factors connect all living things to each other that can be seen at the molecular, cellular and anatomical level? Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a cell (and the organelles within it) influence its capabilities/functions? U: What is the biochemistry of lipids? U: What are the similarities and History of Cell Theory Form and Function of Cell Organelles Comparison of plant, animal and bacterial cells Structure and function of Lipids (in general and Phospholipids in the cell membrane, specifically) Roles that proteins play within the cell membrane Methods of Cellular Transportation- Passive Transport and Utilize a microscope to examine cellular structure Identify various cell parts and their functions Apply knowledge of cell membranes to how cells react to their environment Predict movement of various molecules into/out of cells Using a microscope Building monomers and polymers of lipids Build Membrane the Microscope lab 11/30/2012 Comparing Cell Types (Cheek, Onion, Ulva) Lab 11/30/2012 Investigation of Surface Area/Volume Ratio in Cells 11/30/2012 Osmosis/Diffusion Lab 11/1/2012 Cell Structure and Function Test 11/1/2012 Homework review 11/30/2012 Unit 2 Quiz 11/30/2012 Introduction to the Microscope 11/30/2012 Molecule Building Labs 10/12/2012 Determine how the organelles in a cell function. Illustrate the structure and function of a cell. Explain how cell structure differentiates plants, animals and bacteria Understand how the structure and function of lipids enables them to be the cell membranes and govern how molecules are transported into or out of a cell. Understand how various molecules enter

6 differences between passive and active transport? U: How are nerve cells used to illustrate cell structure,function and transport? Unit How does the structure of a molecule define its role in living things? Active Transport Human Anatomy: Nervous System or exit the cell. Differentiate passive from active transport. Be able to differentiate the organelles of a plant, bacteria or animal cell. Explain and show ionic and covalent bonding and explain why bonding makes atoms more stable. Explain why carbon is the basis of all organic molecules. Describe and give examples of hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions and how these break up and build macromolecules. State the role

7 D e c e m b e r Cell structure of a plant Cell structure of an animal Types of passive transport Unit 4a: Cellular Energetics (Respiration) Semester 1 Why might ecologists consider interdependence the most important Building cell membranes Build monomer and polymers of lipids Vertebrate Portfolio: Unit 3 12/21/2012 Unit 2 Test 11/30/2012 Plant/animal cell lab 11/30/2012 Building lipids 11/30/2012 Osmosis and Diffusion Lab 11/30/2012 Structure and Function of ATP as the main molecule of energy in Cellular Respiration Fermentation- Describe the role of ATP in living Analyze chemical reactions, identifying reactants and products. Explain the necessity of some Cell Energy Quiz 1: Respiration & Fermentation 12/1/2012 Student Designed Yeast Fermentation Investigation 12/1/2012 that carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, and nucleic acids play in living things. Utilize the periodic table to draw atoms and bonding diagrams Explain the relationship between glucose and ATP. Illustrate the products and reactants of photosynthesis. Illustrate the

8 concept in studying life on Earth. Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other? Lactic Acid & Alcohol Unit 3a: Cellular Energetics (Respiration) Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other? Unit form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all Compare how environmental conditions change ' energy needs and capabilities Structure and Function of ATP as the main molecule of energy in Cellular Respiration Fermentation- Lactic Acid & Alcohol Structure and Function of ATP. aerobic respiration Structure and Describe the role of ATP in living Analyze chemical reactions, identifyingâ reactants and products. Explain the necessity of some form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all Compare how environmental conditions change ' energy needs and capabilities Cell Energy Quiz 1: Cell Respiration & Fermentation 12/1/2012 Student Designed Yeast Fermentation Investigation 12/1/2012 Homework review 12/1/2012 Unit 3 Test 12/1/2012 products and reactants of cellular respiration. Explain the relationship between glucose and ATP. Illustrate the products and reactants of cellular respiration. Illustrate how the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are linked to the digestive system to supply carboydrates to cells for cell

9 What is the relationship between ATP and Glucose? function of the monomers and polymers of carbohydrates. respiration for the construction of ATP from glucose. Unit How do the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts enable these organelles to perform cell energy reactions? Unit How are the Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems linked to the energy needs of individual cells? Human Anatomy: Cardiovascular System (Structure & Function) Human Anatomy: Respiratory System (Structure & Function) + Comparative Anatomy (Worm, Fish, Grasshopper) J a n u a r y Unit 4b: Cellular Energetics (Photosynthesis) Semester 1 Structure and Function of ATP as the main Describe the role of ATP in living Cell Energy Quiz 1: Respiration & Fermentation Explain the relationship between glucose

10 Why might ecologists consider interdependence the most important concept in studying life on Earth. Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other? molecule of energy in Photosynthesis: Overview of Light- Independent & Light-Dependent Reactions Leaf Structure CAM, C3 & C4 Photosynthetic Strategies Unit 3b: Cellular Energetics (Photosynthesis) Analyze chemical reactions, identifying reactants and products. Explain the necessity of some form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all Recognize the role of chlorophyll and other accessory pigments in photosynthesis Compare how environmental conditions change ' energy needs and capabilities 12/1/2012 Chromatography and Stomata Lab 12/1/2012 Carbon Dioxide Production in Living Things Lab 12/1/2012 and ATP. Illustrate the products and reactants of photosynthesis. Illustrate the products and reactants of cellular respiration. Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important Structure and Function of ATP as the main molecule of energy in Photosynthesis: Describe the role of ATP in living Analyze chemical reactions, identifyingâ reactants and products. Cell Energy Quiz 2: Photosynthesis 1/1/2013 Chromatography and Stomata Lab 12/1/2012 Carbon Dioxide Explain the relationship between glucose and ATP. Illustrate the products and reactants of

11 concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other? Unit What is the relationship between ATP and Glucose? Unit How do the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts enable these organelles to perform cell energy reactions? Overview of Light- Independent & Light-Dependent Reactions Leaf Structure CAM, C3 & C4 Photosynthetic Strategies Photosynthesis Explain the necessity of some form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all Recognize the role of chlorophyll and other accessory pigments in photosynthesis Compare how environmental conditions change ' energy needs and capabilities Chromatography Production in Living Things Lab 12/1/2012 BTB Lab 12/1/2012 Unit 3 Test photosynthesis. F e b r u a Unit 5: Cell Division How is DNA used to make Structure of DNA and RNA Apply the base pairing rule to DNA Extraction Explain how DNA is the

12 r y protein? How is DNA used in cellular reproduction? Semester 2 Although they lived and worked at about the same time in history, Darwin and Mendel never meet. How might field of Biology be different if they had worked together more than 100 years ago? History of DNA's discovery. DNA Replication Process Protein Synthesis Compare and contrast the stages used in mitosis and meiosis model DNA structure Determine the primary structure of a protein froma given DNA sequence Explain how one molecule of DNA can be replicated using the base pairing rules Illustrate the roles of different types of RNA in the production of proteins DNA structure (multiple choice, identification, short answer) Protein synthesis (mulitple choice, id's, short answer) DNA structure, replication, protein synthesis and cell reproduction (20 open response questions) Vertebrate Portfolio: Part Four molecule important in cell division and protein synthesis. How do the genes of parents affect the appearance of their offspring? Mendel s laws of inheritance Patterns of Inheritance: Dominant/ Recessive, Codominant, Incomplete Dominance, Sex- Linked, and Multiple Alleles Use a Punnett square as a method for determining probable offspring outcomes Determine the appropriate inheritance pattern of Genetics Test 2/28/2013 Punnett Square Worksheets 2/1/2013 â œhuman Genetic Disorderâ Research Project 2/1/2013 Sesame Street Apply laws of inheritance to determine possible offspring combinations of "unknown" Illustrate the cause and effect of mutations on

13 Proper use of Punnett squares for mono- and dihybrid crosses Mutations and chromosomal anomalies specifically human Identify the stages of the cell cycle Structure and function of chromosomes Unit 4: DNA and Protein Synthesis Construct a karyotype of normal and abnormal chromosome samples Identify how meisosis introduces variation in a population. Genetics Project 2/10/2013 Comparison of mitosis and meiosis in the cell cycle and the fate of the chromosomes for each (id's, mc's, short answer) Identification of cells in the different stages of mitosis the genotypes and phenotypes of a population. Differentiate mitosis and meiosis in terms of the cells made, their chromosome number and their function in an organism. Semester Two How can the relatively simple DNA transcription and translation Structure and DNA extraction Build Proteins & Distinguish levels of protein Homework review 2/1/2013 Unit 4 Quiz 2/1/2013 Unit 4 Test Be able to describe how the structure of DNA correlates to the structure and

14 (chemically) molecule DNA create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit How does the structure of DNA allow it to be copied (the genetic function) and used to make proteins (biochemical function)? Unit What are the important biochemical properties of proteins, enzymes and nucleic acids? Unit Why are enzymes essential to allow living things to operate chemically? M Unit 7: Evolution function of proteins Structure and function of nucleic acids Enzyme structure and function Structure & Functions of DNA and RNA History of DNA's discovery. DNA Replication Process Protein Synthesis structure Apply the base pairing rule to model DNA structure Determine the primary structure of a protein froma given DNA sequence Explain how one molecule of DNA can be replicated using the base pairing rules Illustrate the roles of different types of RNA in the production of proteins 2/1/2013 DNA extraction Lab 2/1/2013 Building Proteins 2/1/2013 Catalase Lab 2/1/2013 DNA Extraction DNA structure (multiple choice, identification, short answer) Protein synthesis (mulitple choice, id's, short answer) DNA structure, replication, protein synthesis and cell reproduction (Open response questions) function of proteins and enzymes. Illustrate how the structure of DNA is used to copy the molecule and make proteins. Describe how the structure of proteins and enzymes dictates their function. Explain the important role of enzymes as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Explain how DNA is the molecule important in cell division and protein synthesis.

15 a r c h How do genes and the environment interact to influence the way species change over time? How do the genes of parents affect the appearance of their offspring? Evolutionary Theories -Lamarck (Inheritance of Acquired Traits and Law of Use and Disuse) -Darwin (Natural Selection and Decent with Modification) Evidence for Evolution Mendel s laws of inheritance Patterns of Inheritance: Dominant/ Recessive, Codominant, Incomplete Dominance, Sex- Linked, and Multiple Alleles Apply knowledge of adaptations and natural selection to demonstrate how evolve Use a Punnett square as a method for determining probable offspring outcomes Determine the appropriate inheritance pattern of Adaptation/ Natural Selection Lab- Bird Beak Feeding Strategies 3/1/2013 Evidence of Evolution 3/1/2013 Human Hand Adaptation 3/1/2013 Galapagos Islands Movie 3/1/2013 Evolution and Natural Selction Quiz- Open Response 3/31/2013 Genetics Test 2/28/2013 Punnett Square Worksheets 2/1/2013 â œhuman Genetic Disorderâ Research Project 2/1/2013 Sesame Street Evaluate the evolution of an organism based on Darwin's concepts. Explain various types of evidence that illustrate the theory of evolution Compare and Contrast the theories constructed by both Lamarck and Darwin Apply laws of inheritance to determine possible offspring combinations of "unknown" Illustrate the cause and effect of mutations on

16 Proper use of Punnett squares for mono- and dihybrid crosses Mutations and chromosomal anomalies specifically human Unit 5: Cell Reproduction and Genetics Genetics Project 2/10/2013 the genotypes and phenotypes of a population. Unit How is cellular division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes similar and how is it different? Unit How do the stages ensure that mitosis creates duplicate somatic cells? Unit cell cycle Binary Fission- in comparison to Mitosis Karyotypes phases of mitosis phases of meiosis Sexual & asexual reproduction asexual reproduction Follow directions karyotype procedures Proper use of a microscope dissection skills Homework review 3/1/2013 Unit 5 Quiz 3/1/2013 Unit 5 Test 3/1/2013 Karyotype Lab 3/1/2013 Time in Mitosis 3/1/2013 Flower Dissection 3/1/2013 Understand the significance of the cell cycle to a multicellular organism as compared to binary fission that is used for a unicellular organism. Discuss how DNA is copied and sorted to create identical somatic cells during mitosis. Discuss how

17 How does meiosis monohybrid contribute to crosses genetic recombination? dihybrid crosses Unit Differentiate the offspring created from asexual reproduction to sexual reproduction. U: How does the genetic make up of an organism dictate its external appearance? Unit How did the "complications" of the variety of inheritance patterns influence the ability of scientists to understand heredity? differentiated dominance patterns DNA is copied, sorted and rearranged to make new combinations of genes for gametes in oogeneisis and spermatogenesis. Use a monohybrid cross to determine how the genotype of an individual controls the phenotype. Contrast a monohybrid cross to that of a dihybrid cross. Explain the outcomes of genetic crosses of genes that are examples of incomplete dominance, complete dominance and codominance.

18 A p r i l Unit 8: Ecology I Illustrate a biogeochemical cycle. Factors in an ecosystem and how survive the winter (mc, id's, short answer) 4/1/2013 Factors in an ecosystem, survival in the winter, biogeochemical cycles and population dynamics (20 open response questions) 4/1/2013 Explain how the factors in an ecosystem are recycled. Unit 6: Genetics Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) molecule DNA Mendel s laws of inheritance Patterns of Inheritance: Dominant/ Recessive, Codominant, Use a Punnett square as a method for determining probable offspring outcomes Genetics Test 2/28/2013 Punnett Square Worksheets 2/1/2013 â œhuman Genetic Apply laws of inheritance to determine possible offspring combinations of "unknown"

19 create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit How do the genes of parents affect the appearance of their offspring? Unit How did the "complications" of the variety of inheritance patterns influence the ability of scientists to understand heredity? Incomplete Dominance, Sex- Linked, and Multiple Alleles Proper use of Punnett squares for mono- and dihybrid crosses Mutations and chromosomal anomalies specifically human Determine the appropriate inheritance pattern of Disorderâ Research Project 2/1/2013 Sesame Street Genetics Project 2/10/2013 Flower Dissection 3/1/2013 Illustrate the cause and effect of mutations on the genotypes and phenotypes of a population. Use a monohybrid cross to determine how the genotype of an individual controls the phenotype. Contrast a monohybrid cross to that of a dihybrid cross. Explain the outcomes of genetic crosses of genes that are examples of incomplete dominance, complete dominance and codominance.

20 M Unit 9: Ecology II a y How do different species in an ecosystem interact? How do various factors influence biodiversity? Compare various types of relationships: -Competition -Predation -Mutalism -Parasitism -Commensalism Illustrate ways biodiveristy can fluctuate. -Natural Causes -Human Interactions -Invasive Species Identify what type of relationship given share Movie- Conquest of the Parasites 5/1/2013 Rainforest Diveristy Lab 5/1/2013 Species Interaction 5/1/2013 Explain various types of species interactions and how these interactions affect biodiversity. Unit 7: Evolution Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) molecule DNA create the variety Evolutionary Theories -Lamarck (Inheritance of Acquired Traits and Law of Use and Disuse) -Darwin (Natural Apply knowledge of adaptations and natural selection to demonstrate how evolve work in a team setting Adaptation/ Natural Selection Lab- Bird Beak Feeding Strategies 3/1/2013 Evidence of Evolution Evaluate the evolution of an organism based on Darwin's concepts. Explain various types of evidence

21 of life found on planet Earth? Unit How do genes and the environment interact to influence the way species change over time? Unit Based on the evidence for evolution by natural selection, should the term "Theory" be used to describe it? Unit types of natural selection Why are the Galapagos Islands muscular system the focal point for evolution? skeletal system Unit Individuals are selected, populations Selection and Decent with Modification) Evidence for Evolution evolution by natural selection evidence for evolution galapagos island ecology/geology population genetics types of evolution patterns observational skills measuring metric system 3/1/2013 Human Hand Adaptation 3/1/2013 Galapagos Islands Movie 3/1/2013 Evolution and Natural Selction Quiz- Open Response 3/31/2013 Homework review 5/1/2013 Unit 6 Quiz 5/1/2013 Unit 6 Test 5/1/2013 Great Jelly Bean Hunt 5/1/2013 Evidence for Evolution 5/1/2013 Bone Lab 5/1/2013 that illustrate the theory of evolution Compare and Contrast the theories constructed by both Lamarck and Darwin Be able to accurately describe how any organism evolves by natural selection from an ancestor. Explain how evidence supports the theory of evolution. Describe how the geology and ecology of the Galapagos islands makes them the focal point of natural selection. Describe how a population changes over

22 evolve...what factors are most important for selection and evolution? time. Unit How is the skeletal and muscular systems used as evidence for evolution? J u n e Unit 6: DNA How is DNA used to make protein? How is DNA used in cellular reproduction? Semester 2 Although they lived and worked at about the same time in history, Darwin and Structure of DNA and RNA History of DNA's discovery. DNA Replication Process Protein Synthesis Compare and contrast the stages used in mitosis and meiosis Apply the base pairing rule to model DNA structure Determine the primary structure of a protein froma given DNA sequence Explain how one molecule of DNA can be replicated using the base pairing rules DNA Extraction DNA structure (multiple choice, identification, short answer) Protein synthesis (mulitple choice, id's, short answer) DNA structure, replication, protein synthesis Explain how DNA is the molecule important in cell division and protein synthesis.

23 Mendel never meet. How might field of Biology be different if they had worked together more than 100 years ago? Illustrate the roles of different types of RNA in the production of proteins and cell reproduction (20 open response questions) Vertebrate Portfolio: Part Four Identify the stages of the cell cycle Structure and function of chromosomes Construct a karyotype of normal and abnormal chromosome samples Identify how meisosis introduces variation in a population. Comparison of mitosis and meiosis in the cell cycle and the fate of the chromosomes for each (id's, mc's, short answer) Identification of cells in the different stages of mitosis Differentiate mitosis and meiosis in terms of the cells made, their chromosome number and their function in an organism. Unit 9: Ecology II (cont.) What are the factors that influence population size? Effects of birth rate, death rate and life expectancy affect on population Predict population size of a species given data on that species. Population dynamics (mc, id's, short answer) 6/30/2013 Population Explain how a population changes in size over time.

24 size Analyze age structure diagrams to determine the relative health of populations (using different countries) Growth of Bacteria 6/30/2013 Ecology II Test 6/30/2013