Teacher: CORE BIOLOGY P1 Year: S e p t e m b e r. Unit 1a: Classification and Tools of a Biologist

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1 Teacher: CORE BIOLOGY P1 Year: Course: BIOLOGY Month: All Months S e p t e m b e r Unit 1a: Classification and Tools of a Biologist Questions Semester 1 What factors connect all living things to each other that can be seen at the molecular, cellular and anatomical level? Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life? Unit Content Skills Assessments Lessons Methods of classificaiton of Aristotle and Linnaeus Six kingdom system vs. the three domainsystem Characteristics of Life Identify organisms using dichotomous keys Apply the scientific method to a variety of problems Translate experimental data to a graph Demonstrate proper use and care of lab equipment using SI/metric system. Graphing Experimental Animal Phyla Dichotomous Key Lab 9/30/2012 Unit 1a Quiz 9/30/2012 Soda Lab 9/1/2012 Bacteria Sampling Lab 9/1/2012 Homework review 9/1/2012 Unit 1 Test 9/1/2012 Learning Benchmarks Standards Students RST Follow precisely a complex should be able multistep procedure when carrying out to describe experiments, taking measurements, or both Aristotle performing technical tasks, attending to and Linnaeus' special cases or exceptions defined in classification the text. systems, STE Differentiate between understanding prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, in the pro's and terms of their general structures and con's of each. degrees of complexity. Be able to STE Describe how the describe the taxonomic system classifies living differences things into domains (eubacteria, between the six archaebacteria, and eukaryotes) and kingdom kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi, etc.).* system of [Note: there is an ongoing scientific classifcation debate about the number of kingdoms with that of the and which organisms should be included 3 domain in each. The following websites provide system. more information: Brave New Biosphere Use lab whyfiles.org/022critters/phylogeny.html, equipment (and and The Tree of Life Project Root Page understand phylogeny.arizona.edu/tree/life.html.] metric

2 O c t o b e r What are some of the strategies one can use to classify living things? Unit How are the tools of a biologist (observation, scientific method, metric system and graphing) utilized in an experiment? Unit What are the major factors of an ecosystem? Unit 1b: Ecology Questions Semester 1 What factors connect all living things to each other that can be seen at the Data measurements), observation skills and the scientific method to create an experiment based on a problem. Content Skills Assessments Lessons Passage of Energy: Food Chains & Food Webs Biogeochemical cycles: water, carbon Identify abiotic Unit 1b Quiz - and biotic factors Ecology in a given 10/12/2012 ecosystem Unit 1: Explain different Comprehensive tactics to exam 10/12/2012 surviving changes Owl Pellet Lab in the 9/1/2012 Learning Benchmarks Standards Understand how STE energy and Explain how materials are used major organ and recycled systems in through the humans (e.g., ecosystem. kidney, muscle, lung) have Determine the functional units

3 molecular, cellular and anatomical level? Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit What are the limits/constraints nutrients (like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and water) and energy place on an ecosystem's size and stability? dioxide/oxygen and nitrogen Levels of Ecological Interaction: Population Ecology Community Ecology Ecosystem Human Anatomy: Digestive System Abiotic and Biotic factors Survival in a changing environment: conformers and regulators; acclimation, dormancy, and migration Scientific method environment Bacteria Properly employ Culturing Lab the metric system 9/1/2012 while measuing volume, mass and length Dissections interactions that occur between different species that connect all species together. Use the metric system, observation skills and the scientific method to create an experiment based on a problem. (e.g., nephron, sarcome, alveoli) with specific anatomy that perform the function of that organ system. STE Describe how the function of individual systems within humans are integrated to maintain a homeostatic balance in the body. STE Explain how biotic and abiotic factors cycle in an ecosystem (water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen). STE Use a food web to identify and distinguish producers, consumers, and decomposers, and

4 explain the transfer of energy through trophic levels. STE Identify the factors in an ecosystem that influence fluctuations in population size. STE Analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from natural causes, changes in climate, human activity, or introduction of non-native species. STE Explain how symbiotic behavior produces interactions within ecosystems. Illustrate a biogeochemical Factors in an ecosystem and Explain how the factors in an STE Explain how

5 cycle. how organisms survive the winter (mc, id's, short answer) 4/1/2013 Factors in an ecosystem, survival in the winter, biogeochemical cycles and population dynamics (20 open response questions) 4/1/2013 ecosystem are recycled. biotic and abiotic factors cycle in an ecosystem (water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen). STE Use a food web to identify and distinguish producers, consumers, and decomposers, and explain the transfer of energy through trophic levels. STE Analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from natural causes, changes in climate, human activity, or introduction of non-native species. STE Explain how symbiotic behavior produces

6 interactions within ecosystems. What are the factors that influence population size? Effects of birth rate, death rate and life expectancy affect on population size Predict population size of a species given data on that species. Analyze age structure diagrams to determine the relative health of populations (using different countries) Population dynamics (mc, id's, short answer) 6/30/2013 Population Growth of Bacteria 6/30/2013 Ecology II Test 6/30/2013 Explain how a population changes in size over time. STE Identify the factors in an ecosystem that influence fluctuations in population size. How do different species in an ecosystem interact? How do various factors influence biodiversity? Compare various types of relationships: -Competition -Predation -Mutalism -Parasitism -Commensalism Illustrate ways biodiveristy can fluctuate. -Natural Causes -Human Interactions -Invasive Species Identify what type of relationship given organisms share Movie- Conquest of the Parasites 5/1/2013 Rainforest Diveristy Lab 5/1/2013 Species Interaction 5/1/2013 Explain various types of species interactions and how these interactions affect biodiversity. STE Analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from natural causes, changes in climate, human activity, or introduction of non-native species. STE Explain how symbiotic behavior

7 N o v e m b e r Unit 2: Cells & Homeostasis Questions Content Skills Assessments Lessons Semester 1 What factors connect all living things to each other that can be seen at the molecular, cellular and anatomical level? Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a cell (and the organelles within it) influence its capabilities/functions? U: What is the biochemistry of lipids? History of Cell Theory Form and Function of Cell Organelles Comparison of plant, animal and bacterial cells Structure and function of Lipids (in general and Phospholipids in the cell membrane, specifically) Roles that proteins play within the cell membrane Methods of Cellular Utilize a microscope to examine cellular structure Identify various cell parts and their functions Apply knowledge of cell membranes to how cells react to their environment Predict movement of various molecules into/out of cells Using a microscope Building monomers and polymers of Learning the Microscope lab 11/30/2012 Comparing Cell Types (Cheek, Onion, Ulva) Lab 11/30/2012 Investigation of Surface Area/Volume Ratio in Cells 11/30/2012 Osmosis/Diffusion Lab 11/1/2012 Cell Structure and Function Test 11/1/2012 Homework review 11/30/2012 Unit 2 Quiz 11/30/2012 Introduction to the Microscope 11/30/2012 Learning Benchmarks Determine how the organelles in a cell function. Illustrate the structure and function of a cell. Explain how cell structure differentiates plants, animals and bacteria Understand how the structure and function of lipids enables them to be the cell membranes and govern how molecules are transported into or out of a cell. produces interactions within ecosystems. Standards STE Explain the significance of carbon in organic molecules. STE Recognize the six most common elements in organic molecules (C, H, N, O, P, S). STE Describe the composition and functions of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,

8 U: What are the similarities and differences between passive and active transport? U: How are nerve cells used to illustrate cell structure,function and transport? Unit How does the structure of a molecule define its role in living things? Transportation- Passive Transport and Active Transport Human Anatomy: Nervous System lipids Build Membrane Molecule Building Labs 10/12/2012 Understand how various molecules enter or exit the cell. Differentiate passive from active transport. Be able to differentiate the organelles of a plant, bacteria or animal cell. Explain and show ionic and covalent bonding and explain why bonding makes atoms more stable. Explain why carbon is the basis of all organic molecules. Describe and give examples of hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions and how these break and nucleic acids).* STE Describe how dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis relate to organic molecules.

9 D e c e m b e r Cell structure of a plant Cell structure of an animal Types of passive transport Unit 3a: Cellular Energetics (Respiration) Questions Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most Building cell membranes Build monomer and polymers of lipids Vertebrate Portfolio: Unit 3 12/21/2012 Unit 2 Test 11/30/2012 Plant/animal cell lab 11/30/2012 Building lipids 11/30/2012 Osmosis and Diffusion Lab 11/30/2012 Content Skills Assessments Lessons Structure and Function of ATP as the main molecule of energy in organisms Describe the role of ATP in living organisms Analyze chemical reactions, identifyingâ reactants Cell Energy Quiz 1: Cell Respiration & Fermentation 12/1/2012 Student up and build macromolecules. State the role that carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, and nucleic acids play in living things. Utilize the periodic table to draw atoms and bonding diagrams Learning Benchmarks Explain the relationship between glucose and ATP. Illustrate the products and Standards STE Provide evidence that the organic compounds produced by plants are the

10 important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other organisms? Unit What is the relationship between ATP and Glucose? Unit How do the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts enable these organelles to perform cell energy reactions? Unit How are the Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems linked to Cellular Respiration Fermentation- Lactic Acid & Alcohol Structure and Function of ATP. aerobic respiration Structure and function of the monomers and polymers of carbohydrates. Human Anatomy: Cardiovascular System (Structure & Function) Human Anatomy: Respiratory System (Structure & Function) + Comparative Anatomy (Worm, Fish, and products. Explain the necessity of some form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all organisms Compare how environmental conditions change organisms' energy needs and capabilities Designed Yeast Fermentation Investigation 12/1/2012 Homework review 12/1/2012 Unit 3 Test 12/1/2012 reactants of primary source cellular of energy and respiration. nutrients for Illustrate how the most living cardiovascular things. and respiratory STE systems are Identify how linked to the cellular digestive system respiration is to supply important for the carboydrates to production of cells for cell ATP. respiration for STE the construction Explain the of ATP from interrelated glucose. nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

11 the energy needs of individual cells? Grasshopper) J a n u a r y Unit 3b: Cellular Energetics (Photosynthesis) Questions Semester 1 Why is interdependence one of the most important concept in studying life on Earth? Unit How does the structure of a plant help it to make food for itself, and in turn other organisms? Unit What is the relationship between ATP and Glucose? Unit How do the Content Skills Assessments Lessons Structure and Function of ATP as the main molecule of energy in organisms Photosynthesis: Overview of Light- Independent & Light-Dependent Reactions Leaf Structure CAM, C3 & C4 Photosynthetic Strategies Photosynthesis Describe the role of ATP in living organisms Analyze chemical reactions, identifyingâ reactants and products. Explain the necessity of some form of respiration (cellular, fermentation) for all organisms Recognize the role of chlorophyll and other accessory pigments in photosynthesis Compare how environmental conditions change organisms' energy needs and capabilities Chromatography Cell Energy Quiz 2: Photosynthesis 1/1/2013 Chromatography and Stomata Lab 12/1/2012 Carbon Dioxide Production in Living Things Lab 12/1/2012 BTB Lab 12/1/2012 Unit 3 Test 1/31/2013 Learning Benchmarks Explain the relationship between glucose and ATP. Illustrate the products and reactants of photosynthesis. Standards STE Describe the composition and functions of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids).* STE Describe how dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis relate to organic molecules. STE Identify the reactants and products in the general reaction

12 structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts enable these organelles to perform cell energy reactions? F Unit 4: DNA and Protein Synthesis of photosynthesis. Describe the use of isotopes in this identification. STE Provide evidence that the organic compounds produced by plants are the primary source of energy and nutrients for most living things. STE Identify how cellular respiration is important for the production of ATP. STE Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

13 e b r u a r y Questions Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) molecule DNA create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit How does the structure of DNA allow it to be copied (the genetic function) and used to make proteins (biochemical function)? Unit What are the important biochemical properties of proteins, enzymes and nucleic acids? Content Skills Assessments Lessons DNA transcription and translation Structure and function of proteins Structure and function of nucleic acids Enzyme structure and function Structure & Functions of DNA and RNA History of DNA's discovery. DNA Replication Process Protein Synthesis DNA extraction Build Proteins & Distinguish levels of protein structure Apply the base pairing rule to model DNA structure Determine the primary structure of a protein froma given DNA sequence Explain how one molecule of DNA can be replicated using the base pairing rules Illustrate the roles of different types of RNA in the production of proteins Homework review 2/1/2013 Unit 4 Quiz 2/1/2013 Unit 4 Test 2/1/2013 DNA extraction Lab 2/1/2013 Building Proteins 2/1/2013 Catalase Lab 2/1/2013 DNA Extraction 1/31/2013 DNA structure (multiple choice, identification, short answer) 1/31/2013 Protein synthesis (mulitple choice, id's, short answer) 1/31/2013 DNA structure, replication, protein synthesis and cell reproduction (Open response questions) Learning Benchmarks Be able to describe how the structure of DNA correlates to the structure and function of proteins and enzymes. Illustrate how the structure of DNA is used to copy the molecule and make proteins. Describe how the structure of proteins and enzymes dictates their function. Explain the important role of enzymes as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Explain how DNA is the molecule Standards STE Explain the significance of carbon in organic molecules. STE Recognize the six most common elements in organic molecules (C, H, N, O, P, S). STE Describe the composition and functions of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids).* STE Describe how dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis relate to organic

14 Unit Why are enzymes essential to allow living things to operate chemically? 1/31/2013 important in cell division and protein synthesis. molecules. STE Explain the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions. STE Describe how cells function in a narrow range of physical conditions, such as temperature and ph, to perform life functions that help to maintain homeostasis. STE Describe the structure and function of DNA, and distinguish among replication, transcription, and translation. STE Describe the processes of replication, transcription, and translation and

15 M a r c h Unit 5: Cell Division Questions Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) molecule DNA create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit Content Skills Assessments Lessons Binary Fission- in comparison to Mitosis Karyotypes Sexual & asexual reproduction Identify key aspects of the cell Proper use of a microscope Construct a karyotype of normal and abnormal chromosome samples Identify how meisosis introduces Homework review Unit 5 Quiz Unit 5 Test Karyotype Lab Time in Mitosis Flower Dissection Learning Benchmarks how they relate to each other in molecular biology. STE Describe the general pathway by which ribosomes synthesize proteins by using trnas to translate genetic information encoded in mrnas. Standards Understand the STE significance of Describe and the cell cycle to a compare the multicellular processes of organism as mitosis and compared to meiosis, and their binary fission that role in the cell is used for a cycle. unicellular organism. Discuss how

16 How is cellular division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes similar and how is it different? Unit How do the stages ensure that mitosis creates duplicate somatic cells? Unit How does meiosis contribute to genetic recombination? Unit Differentiate the offspring created from asexual reproduction to sexual reproduction. cycle (G1, S, G2, M) and key events in mitosis/meiosis. Structure and function of chromosomes variation in a population. Comparison of mitosis and meiosis in the cell cycle and the fate of the chromosomes for each (id's, mc's, short answer) 1/31/2013 Identification of cells in the different stages of mitosis 1/31/2013 DNA is copied and sorted to create identical somatic cells during mitosis. Discuss how DNA is copied, sorted and rearranged to make new combinations of genes for gametes in oogeneisis and spermatogenesis. Differentiate mitosis and meiosis in terms of the cells made, their chromosome number and their function in an organism. Unit 5: Cell Reproduction and Genetics

17 Questions Unit How is cellular division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes similar and how is it different? Unit How do the stages ensure that mitosis creates duplicate somatic cells? Unit How does meiosis contribute to genetic recombination? Unit Differentiate the offspring created from asexual reproduction to Content Skills Assessments Lessons cell cycle Binary Fission- in comparison to Mitosis Karyotypes phases of mitosis phases of meiosis Sexual & asexual reproduction asexual reproduction monohybrid crosses dihybrid crosses differentiated dominance patterns Follow directions karyotype procedures Proper use of a microscope dissection skills Homework review Unit 5 Quiz Unit 5 Test Karyotype Lab Time in Mitosis Flower Dissection Learning Benchmarks Understand the significance of the cell cycle to a multicellular organism as compared to binary fission that is used for a unicellular organism. Discuss how DNA is copied and sorted to create identical somatic cells during mitosis. Discuss how DNA is copied, sorted and rearranged to make new combinations of genes for gametes in oogeneisis and spermatogenesis. Use a monohybrid cross Standards

18 sexual reproduction. U: How does the genetic make up of an organism dictate its external appearance? Unit How did the "complications" of the variety of inheritance patterns influence the ability of scientists to understand heredity? to determine how the genotype of an individual controls the phenotype. Contrast a monohybrid cross to that of a dihybrid cross. Explain the outcomes of genetic crosses of genes that are examples of incomplete dominance, complete dominance and codominance. A p r i l Unit 6: Genetics Questions Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) Content Skills Assessments Lessons Mendel s laws of inheritance Patterns of Inheritance: Dominant/ Recessive, Use a Punnett square as a method for determining probable offspring Genetics Test 2/28/2013 Punnett Square Worksheets 2/1/2013 â œhuman Learning Benchmarks Apply laws of inheritance to determine possible offspring combinations of "unknown" Standards STE Explain how mutations in the DNAsequence of a gene may be silent or result in

19 molecule DNA create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit How do the genes of parents affect the appearance of their offspring? Unit How did the "complications" of the variety of inheritance patterns influence the ability of scientists to understand heredity? Codominant, Incomplete Dominance, Sex- Linked, and Multiple Alleles Proper use of Punnett squares for mono- and dihybrid crosses Mutations and chromosomal anomalies specifically human outcomes Determine the appropriate inheritance pattern of organisms Genetic Disorderâ Research Project 2/1/2013 Sesame Street Genetics Project 2/10/2013 Flower Dissection organisms Illustrate the cause and effect of mutations on the genotypes and phenotypes of a population. Use a monohybrid cross to determine how the genotype of an individual controls the phenotype. Contrast a monohybrid cross to that of a dihybrid cross. Explain the outcomes of genetic crosses of genes that are examples of incomplete dominance, complete dominance and codominance. phenotypic change in an organism and in its offspring. STE Differentiate between dominant, recessive, codominant, polygenic, and sex-linked traits. STE State Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment. STE Use a Punnett Square to determine the genotype and phenotype of monohybrid crosses.

20 M Unit 7: Evolution a y Questions Semester Two How can the relatively simple (chemically) molecule DNA create the variety of life found on planet Earth? Unit How do genes and the environment interact to influence the way species change over time? Unit Based on the evidence for evolution by natural selection, should the term "Theory" be used Content Skills Assessments Lessons Evolutionary Theories -Lamarck (Inheritance of Acquired Traits and Law of Use and Disuse) -Darwin (Natural Selection and Decent with Modification) Evidence for Evolution evolution by natural selection evidence for evolution galapagos island ecology/geology population genetics types of evolution Apply knowledge of adaptations and natural selection to demonstrate how organisms evolve work in a team setting observational skills measuring metric system Adaptation/ Natural Selection Lab- Bird Beak Feeding Strategies Evidence of Evolution Human Hand Adaptation Galapagos Islands Movie Evolution and Natural Selction Quiz- Open Response 3/31/2013 Homework review 5/1/2013 Unit 6 Quiz 5/1/2013 Unit 6 Test 5/1/2013 Great Jelly Bean Hunt 5/1/2013 Learning Benchmarks Evaluate the evolution of an organism based on Darwin's concepts. Explain various types of evidence that illustrate the theory of evolution Compare and Contrast the theories constructed by both Lamarck and Darwin Be able to accurately describe how any organism evolves by natural selection from an ancestor. Explain how evidence supports Standards STE Explain how the fossil record, comparative anatomy, and other evidence support the theory of evolution. STE Illustrate how genetic variation is preserved or eliminated from a population through Darwinian natural selection (evolution) resulting in biodiversity.

21 to describe it? Unit types of natural selection Why are the Galapagos Islands muscular system the focal point for evolution? skeletal system Unit Individuals are selected, populations evolve...what factors are most important for selection and evolution? Unit How is the skeletal and muscular systems used as evidence for evolution? patterns Evidence for Evolution 5/1/2013 Bone Lab 5/1/2013 the theory of evolution. Describe how the geology and ecology of the Galapagos islands makes them the focal point of natural selection. Describe how a population changes over time. J u n e Summary & Review Questions Content Skills Assessments Lessons Learning Benchmarks Standards

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