BAY DISTRICT SCHOOL BIOLOGY I PACING GUIDE Course Code:

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1 Pacing Lesson Topic Topics Standards Strategy Holt Required Labs (# of days) Red = Low McDougal Topics with Biology FL (7 period Green = Moderate Examples 2012 Day) Blue = High * Annually Assessed Benchmark 10 Introduction LA The student will organize information A list of Scientific to Biology Syllabus to show understanding or relationships among various facts, ideas, and events (e.g., representing key strategies Multiple Safety Contract used: sections/ points within text through charting, mapping Lecture, Note activities The Study of Life/ Unifying paraphrasing, summarizing, comparing, taking, Teacher Themes contrasting, or outlining). Demos, Quick Scientific Method Safety Test EOC Predictive Test Parts and Usage of a light microscope/ vs. TEM and SEM Tools used in Biology Nature of Science, Math and Language Art Standards will be addressed throughout this course LA The student will record information and ideas from primary and/or secondary sources accurately and coherently, noting the validity and reliability of these sources and attributing sources of information. MA.912.A.1.2 Determine appropriate and consistent standards of measurement for the data to be collected in a survey or experiment. MA.912.S.3.2 Collect, organize, and analyze data sets, determine the best format for the data and present visual summaries from the following: bar graphs, line graphs, stem and leaf plots, circle graphs, histograms, box and whisker plots, scatter plots, and cumulative frequency graphs SC.912.N.1.1 Define a problem based on a specific body of knowledge, for example: biology, chemistry, physics, and earth/space science, and do Labs, Inquiry Based Labs, Animated Concepts, Web Quest, Interactive Review, Internet Magazine, Differentiated Instruction for Below Level, English Learners, Pre- AP Learners. Reading Strategies: During Reading Process Diagrams, p. 88, 106, 405, 475, 493,739 18, 106, 405, 475, 493, 739 Method Labdesign experiment Examples: Fun with Bubbles Lab (HOT Lab manual) Termite lab (Hansen) Little Red Fish (Dow) Interactive Scientific method e.chpc.utah.ed u/labs/scientifi c_method/sci_ method_main. html Growing Plants plorelearning.c om/index.cfm?method=cres

2 the following: 1. Pose questions about the natural world 2. Conduct systematic observations 3. Examine books and other sources of information to see what is already known 4. Review what is known in light of empirical evidence 5. Plan investigations 6. Use tools to gather, analyze, and interpret data (this includes the use of measurement in metric and other systems, and also the generation and interpretation of graphical representations of data, including data tables and graphs) 7. Pose answers, explanations, or descriptions of events 8. Generate explanations that explicate or describe natural phenomena (inferences) 9. Use appropriate evidence and reasoning to justify these explanations to others 10. Communicate results of scientific investigations 11. Evaluate the merits of the explanations produced by others. Cycle Diagrams, Supporting Main Ideas Notes, Main Idea Webs, Two-Column Notes. After Reading- Cause-and Effect Diagrams, Content Frames, Venn Diagrams, Y Diagrams, Concept Maps. Most Chapters ource.dspdeta il&resourceid =615 Intro to microscope lab Examples: Intro to microscope\la b p. 19 TE E lab Cheek cell vs. elodea SC.912.N.1.3 Recognize that the strength or usefulness of a scientific claim is evaluated through scientific argumentation, which depends on critical and logical thinking, and the active consideration of alternative scientific explanations to explain the data presented. (LOW) p.18, 28, 226, 298, 353, 366 SC.912.N.1.4 Identify sources of information and assess their reliability according to the strict standards of scientific investigation. p. 88, 106, 405

3 SC.912.N.1.6 Describe how scientific inferences are drawn from scientific observations and provide examples from the content being studied. (MODERATE) SC.912.N.2.1 Identify what is science, what clearly is not science, and what superficially resembles science (but fails to meet the criteria for science). SC.912.N.2.2 Identify which questions can be answered through science and which questions are outside the boundaries of scientific investigation, such as questions addressed by other ways of knowing, such as art, philosophy, and religion. p. 106, 208, 302, 313, 320, 384, 595, SC.912.N.3.1 Explain that a scientific theory is the culmination of many scientific investigations drawing together all the current evidence concerning a substantial range of phenomena; thus, a scientific theory represents the most powerful explanation scientists have to offer. SC.912.N.3.4 Recognize that theories do not become laws, nor do laws become theories; theories are well supported explanations and laws are well supported descriptions. (MODERATE) SC.912.L.16.10* Evaluate the impact of 1.3, , 5.5, 9.1, 9.2,

4 biotechnology on the individual, society and the 9.3, 9.4, environment, including medical and ethical issues. 9.5, 9.6, p.286, HE.912.C.1.3 Evaluate how environment and personal health are interrelated. SC.912.L.14.4 Compare and contrast structure and function of various types of microscopes. (MODERATE) 1.5, 31.1, Chemistry of Life Atoms, Ions and molecules- SC.912.L.18.1 Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of biological macromolecules. (MODERATE) SC.912.L Discuss the special properties of water that contribute to Earth s suitability as an environment for life; cohesive behavior, ability to 2.1, 2.3 Water lab Ex. Properties of Water Lab (HOT lab) 2.2 Penny lab, pepper lab, wax paper Properties of Water (transport in plants through roots, stems and leaves) moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, lab and versatility as a solvent. ( Moderate) 20.1, 21.2, The SC.912.L.14.7* Relate the structure of each of the 21.3, Properties of Carbon- based molecules Chemical Reactions and Enzymes major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. (MODERATE) SC.912.L.18.11* Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. Identify factors, such as ph and temperature, and their effect on enzyme 21.4 Water Web Tutorial ebs.katyisd.o rg/campuses 2.4, 2.5 /MRHS/teach erweb/hallk/ Teacher%20 Documents/

5 activity. (MODERATE) AP%20Biolog y%20materia ls/chemistry %20of%20Lif e/the%20pro perties%20of %20Water/0 2_A02s.swf Identifying Nutrients GIZMO plorelearning.c om/index.cfm?method=cres ource.dspview &ResourceID= 452 Enzymatic activity (how factors like temp. and ph affect activity) Ex. Pineapple/ gelatin lab Toothpick- ase-

6 15 Cells Cell Cell theory SC.912.L.14.1* Describe the scientific theory of cells Comparing Structure (cell theory) and relate the history of its discovery 3.1 Plant and to the process of science. (MODERATE) animal cells lab Cell Organelles Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells SC.912.L.14.3* Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells. Compare and contrast the general structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (MODERATE) 3.2 Examples: 3-D Cell Model Project (HOT lab ) Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells Cell membrane Diffusion and Osmosis Cell Transport SC.912.L.14.2* Relate structure to function for the components of plant and animal cells. Explain the role of cell membranes as a highly selective barrier (passive and active transport). (MODERATE) Elodea vs. cheek cell microscope 3.3, 3.4, lab 3.5 Interactive Cell structure llsalive.com/ce lls/cell_model. htm Cell Membrane lab Example: Quick Lab: Modeling the Cell membrane p. 83 (15 min.) Osmosis Lab Example: Inquiry Lab: Design Your own

7 Investigation Diffusion Across a Membrane text p. 88 Rubber Egg lab Diffusion and Osmosis (HOT lab) 12 Cellular Energy Chemical Energy Role of ATP SC.912.L.18.10* Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration. (MODERATE) 4.1 Photosynthesi s Investigating the Effect of Light Intensity 4.2, 4.3 on Photosynthesi s (HOT lab) Overview of Photosynthesis SC.912.L.18.7* Identify the reactants, products, and Plants (Tissues, Limited to basic functions of photosynthesis. (MODERATE) meristematic, ground, SC.912.L.14.7* Relate the structure of each of the 21.1, Cellular dermal and vascular tissues, Structures, Limited to cambium, guard cells, stomata, phloem, xylem) major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. (MODERATE) 21.2, 21.4 Respiration Cellular Respiration (HOT lab) Overview of Cellular Respiration (Aerobic) vs. Fermentation (Anaerobic) SC.912.L.18.8* Connect the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to energy transfers within a cell. SC.912.L.18.9* Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. (MODERATE) 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 The interrelated nature of photosynthesi 4.4, 4.5 s and cellular respiration lab Virtual Lab:

8 Carbon transfer through Snails and Elodea one.com/cz/books /bio_12_fl/resour ces/htmls/virtual_ labs/virtuallabs.ht ml 18 Cell Growth Cell cycle SC.912.L Describe the cell cycle, including the 5.1, 5.2, Compare the Mitosis and Meiosis Mitosis Cytokinesis Regulation of Cell Cycle Asexual reproduction Chromosomes and Meiosis (genetic variation) process of mitosis. Explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its importance in maintaining chromosome number during asexual reproduction. (MODERATE) SC.912.L.16.8 Explain the relationship between mutation, cell cycle, and uncontrolled cell growth potentially resulting in cancer. (MODERATE) SC.912.L Describe the process of meiosis, including independent assortment and crossing over. Explain how reduction division results in the formation of haploid gametes or spores. (MODERATE) SC.912.L.16.17* Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 5.4 stages of mitosis lab Examples: Teach with Technology : 5.3 Cell Division Supervisor classzone.com p. 135 TE 5.3, 1.5, 5.5, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, p.286, 6.1, 6.2 Investigation: Mitosis in Onion Root Cells text p. 143 Virtual Onion tip lab (Katie) Jill s Mitosis Dance

9 15 DNA and RNA Replication Protein Synthesis DNA and RNA Structure DNA Replication DNA transcription and translation Protein Synthesis Biotechnology / ethics (DNA fingerprinting, Genetic Engineering) SC.912.L Describe how mutation and genetic recombination increase genetic variation.(moderate) SC.912.L.16.9 Explain how and why the genetic code is universal and is common to almost all organisms. (MODERATE) SC.912.L.16.3* Describe the basic process of DNA replication and how it relates to the transmission and conservation of the genetic information. SC.912.L.16.5 Explain the basic processes of transcription and translation, and how they result in the expression of genes. SC.912.L.16.4 Explain how mutations in the DNA sequence may or may not result in phenotypic change. Explain how mutations in gametes may Recombinant DNA activity 6.1 Example: Engineering a Crop Harvest of Fear GMO s 6.6 student interactive , 8.7, pbs.org/wgb 10.2, h/harvest/en 11.1 gineer/index. html (Dow write up) 8.2 DNA structure lab EX. DNA origami model 8.3 (Dow) 8.4, 8.5, Building a DNA Model Project (HOT lab ) DNA Extraction (strawberry) Lab (Hot lab)

10 result in phenotypic changes in offspring. Cheek cell 9.1, 9.2, DNA SC.912.L.16.10* Evaluate the impact of 9.3, 9.4, extraction biotechnology on the individual, society and the 9.5, 9.6, environment, including medical and ethical issues. p.286, Virtual DNA fingerprintin g SC.912.L.14.6 Explain the significance of genetic factors, environmental factors, and pathogenic agents to health from the perspectives of both individual and public health. SC.912.L Evaluate the impact of biotechnology on the individual, society and the environment, including medical and ethical issues. pbs.org/wgb h/nova/teach ers/body/cre ate-dnafingerprint.ht ml Impacts of Biotech Cloning Movie Stem Cell Research Making Karyotypes (HOT lab )

11 15 Genetics and Heredity Mendel s laws of segregation Mendel s laws of independent assortment Structure and Reproductive Parts of Flower Monohybrid Punnett Squares. Dihybrid Punnett squares Pedigree Chart Inheritance Patterns SC.912.L.16.1* Use Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment to analyze patterns of inheritance. SC.912.L.16.2* Discuss observed inheritance 6.4, 6.5 patterns caused by various modes of inheritance, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 including dominant, recessive, codominant, sexlinked, polygenic, and multiple alleles. SC.912.L.14.7* Relate the structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. (MODERATE) 6.3 Punnett Square Practice Pedigree Chart Lab Inheritance Patterns Ex. Investigating Inherited Traits (HOT lab) Genetic Disorders: Informational Poster and Presentation (HOT lab) Genetic Disorder Library genetics.utah.edu/content /disorders/w hataregd/

12 15 Evolution and Darwin and natural selection 10.3, Natural History Life 11.2 selection Lab Theory of Natural selection Examples: Natural Evidence of Evolution SC.912.L Describe the conditions required for Selection Other Mechanisms of natural selection, including: overproduction of (Beak lab) Evolution (Gene flow and offspring, inherited variation, and the struggle to (HOT lab ) 10.4, genetic drift) survive, which result in differential reproductive 10.5, success. (MODERATE) 12.1,12.2 Origin of Life Moth lab Early Single-celled Organisms SC.912.L.15.1* Explain how the scientific theory of Wooly Worm evolution is supported by the fossil record, lab (Dow) Primate Evolution (Skulls) comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, biogeography, molecular biology, and observed evolutionary change. SC.912.L.15.14* Discuss mechanisms of evolutionary change other than natural selection such as genetic drift and gene flow. (MODERATE) 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6 Predator Prey Pursuit text p. 315 Evidence for the Theory of 12.3, Evolution SC.912.L.15.8 Describe the scientific explanations of 12.4, (HOT lab) the origin of life on Earth. (MODERATE) 12.5 Virtual Lab SC.912.L.15.10* Identify basic trends in hominid evolution from early ancestors six million years ago to modern humans, including brain size, jaw size, language, and manufacture of tools. (MODERATE) 12.6 Comparing Hominid Skulls classzone.co m/cz/books/ bio_12_fl/res ources/htmls /virtual_labs/ virtuallabs.ht

13 ml 15 Classification/ Kingdoms Comparison of Kingdoms Classification of organisms SC.912.L.15.6* Discuss distinguishing characteristics of the domains and kingdoms of living organisms. (MODERATE) Dichotomous Keys SC.912.L.15.4* Describe how and why organisms 17.1, 17.2, 17.3 are hierarchically classified and based on evolutionary relationships. SC.912.L.15.5 Explain the reasons for changes in how organisms are classified Distinguish Characteristi cs of Six Kingdoms 17.4, 23.2 Example: 6-kingdom booklet (Dow) Dichotomous Key activity Example: Shoe lab Using a Dichotomous Key for Invertebrate Phyla (HOT lab) 10 Organization Label and Identify Major SC.912.L Identify the major parts of the brain 29.4, Brain & Parts of Brain on diagrams or models. (LOW) 29.1 Labeling Development Worksheet of Living Cardiovascular System SC.912.L Describe the factors affecting blood Pinky and the Organisms flow through the cardiovascular system. 30.2, Brain Video - Immune System (MODERATE) 30.1, , be/sno68ajt Reproductive System HE.912.C.1.8 Analyze strategies for prevention, 30.4 OpM detection and treatment of communicable and chronic diseases. HE.912.C.1.4 Analyze how heredity and family 30.2, Stimuli Effects 30.4, on Heart Rate: 31.4, Sympathetic Stimuli and

14 history can impact personal health. SC.912.L Explain the basic functions of the 31.5 human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and antibiotics. (MODERATE) Coughing (HOT 31.3, lab) 31.2, 31.3, Heart Dissection be/g4lafb- SC.912.L.16.13* Describe the basic anatomy and 31.4 UUZw physiology of the human reproductive system. Antibodies Describe the process of human development from Virtual Lab - fertilization to birth and major changes that occur 34.1, in each trimester of pregnancy. (MODERATE) 34.2, hhmi.org/bio 34.3, interactive/vl 34.4 abs/immunol ogy/ Reproductive System Labeling 20 Ecology Population SC.912.L.17.5* Analyze how population size is Limiting determined by births, deaths, immigration, 13.1,13.2 Factors (HOT Food Webs (trophic levels) emigration, and limiting factors (biotic and abiotic) 14.3,14.4 Lab) Biogeochemical Cycles (water and carbon) Climate Change Loss of Biodiversity Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources that determine carrying capacity. SC.912.L.17.9* Use a food web to identify and distinguish producers, consumers, and decomposers. Explain the pathway of energy transfer through trophic levels and the reduction of available energy at successive trophic levels. (MODERATE) SC.912.E.7.1 Analyze the movement of matter and energy through the different biogeochemical 15.1 Designing Food Chains and Food 13.3, 13.4, Webs (HOT 13.6 lab) Dissolved O 2 Lab: 13.5 Dissolved O 2 Titration kit

15 cycles, including water and carbon. or DO 2 Sensor. SC.912.L.17.4* Describe changes in ecosystems 14.4, Compare DO 2 resulting from seasonal variations, climate change 15.2, levels in and succession. (MODERATE) 15.3, water samples SC.912.L.17.2* Explain the general distribution of taken from life in aquatic systems as a function of chemistry, geography, light, depth, salinity, and temperature. 15.4, 15.5 SC.912.L.17.8* Recognize the consequences of the losses of biodiversity due to catastrophic events, climate changes, human activity, and the 16.4 introduction of invasive, non-native species. SC.912.L.17.11* Evaluate the costs and benefits of renewable and nonrenewable resources, such as water, energy, fossil fuels, wildlife, and forests. SC.912.L.17.13* Discuss the need for adequate monitoring of environmental parameters when making policy decisions. SC.912.L.17.20* Predict the impact of individuals on environmental systems and examine how human lifestyles affect sustainability. 16.1, 16.2, , 16.2, , 16.2, 16.3, 16.5 sites with varying levels of light and/or temp. and compare. Human Impact Effects of Acid Rain (HOT lab ) Acid Rain Tutorial (from Environment al Protection Agency): epa.gov/acid rain/educatio n/site_stude nts/acid_ani m.html Species

16 Diversity Index Study on Human Impacted areas of campus vs. areas less impacted. countrysidein fo.co.uk/sim psons.htm 160 days