Detailed Learning Outcomes

Transcription

1 Detailed Learning Outcomes Following lectures, workshops and directed study activities, students should: 1. Understand the principles behind the study of bioscience in relation to the profession of SLT 2. Use descriptive anatomical terminology appropriately 3. Understand the levels of organisation of the human body 4. Understand the anatomy of a typical animal cell and the function of the organelles at a basic level 5. Understand how cell membrane equilibrium is maintained 6. Understand the structure and function of excitable cells i.e. neurons and muscle cells 7. Understand how nerve impulses are transmitted down myelinated and unmyelinated neurons 8. Understand the principles of synaptic transmission 9. Demonstrate a basic understanding of muscle cell structure and physiology 10. Understand the basic physiology of muscle fibre contraction 11. Be able to relate the concept of motor unit to control of muscles in different areas of the body Neurology, Brain & Language Understand the organisation of the nervous system from both an anatomical and functional perspective Have an understanding of basic brain anatomy, the anatomy of the spinal cord, peripheral and cranial nerves Have an understanding of the anatomical pathways transmitting efferent and afferent information in the PNS and CNS (including the cerebellum) (the direct and indirect pathways, and sensory pathways Understand the difference between upper and lower motor neurons, and the symptoms/signs of lesions of the same Recall the organisation and function of sensory receptors Demonstrate a basic understanding of the stretch and withdrawal reflex Have a basic understanding of the structure and function of the cerebellum, and its role in LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 1

2 coordinating motor commands with sensory inputs Have a basic understanding of the sensorimotor control circuits that govern the speech mechanism (cerebellar and basal ganglia control circuits) Have knowledge of the anatomical terminology used to describe the structures of the brain and nervous system Have knowledge of the structure of the cortex and the function of the different cells that comprise the brain and nervous system Understand the relevance of Brodmann s areas in studying the functions of the human cortex Understand the function of primary, higher order and association cortex, and their relevance to language processing Know the function and posited location of mirror neurons Understand the structure and function of the 3 types of white matter pathways in the brain Be able to describe the location and the primary function(s) of the major lobes of the brain Describe the location and function of the main language processing areas of the brain Have a basic understanding specific aphasia symptoms/syndromes and be able to relate these to specific cortical/subcortical areas/pathways in the brain (ie localisation) Understand the location of and the function of the main subcortical structures involved in language processing Have a basic understanding of the structures and function of the limbic system Understand the functions of the right (or non-dominant) hemisphere in communication Be aware of the differences between functional and structural imaging in the brain, and their relevance for SLT Understand what is meant by neuroplasticity and behavioural plasticity, and their complementary roles in recovery of function after brain damage Vision and the eye Understand and describe the structures of the eye and the eyeball Understand and describe the visual neural pathway Understand the process of image formation Understand a number of disorders of vision and the impact on communication Audiology and the ear LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 2

3 Recall the anatomy & physiology of the hearing system. Recognise the nature and production of sound (acoustics). Identify how sound is affected by the environment in which we live. Identify how sound is perceived by the auditory system. Discuss the relationship between the hearing system and other areas of physiology. Have an understanding of the vestibular system and its interconnections The Cardiovascular System Be able to name the component parts of the cardio vascular system (CVS). Be able to describe the formation and function of these CVS components Be able to describe a range of conditions related to dysfunction within the CVS Surface anatomy and bones of skull Understand the relevance of the study of head and neck for SLT Understand what is meant by surface anatomy Demonstrate a basic understanding of neck triangles in surface anatomy Know the location and function of the sinuses Demonstrate knowledge of the 8 bones of the cranium and the 14 bones of the skull by being able to identify/label on an illustration Demonstrate knowledge of the structure and function of the mandible Show awareness of consequences to function in the above mentioned structures Oral and pharyngeal structures Demonstrate knowledge of the salient part/ landmarks in oral, nasal, pharyngeal anatomy Understand the importance of full dentition, and being able to describe paediatric and adult dentition Show awareness of consequences to function in lack of dentition or poor dentition Demonstrate knowledge of structure(including relevant musculature) and function of: palate, velum, tongue, pharynx, tonsils, epiglottis To have a very basic understanding of the possible defects that can occur and how this may impact on function LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 3

4 To demonstrate understanding of taste and salivation Be able to label basic diagrams which demonstrate the structures mentioned above Be aware of nerve supply for function of the structures mentioned above Muscles of facial expression, cranial nerves, blood supply Describe origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the muscles of facial expression and mastication Be aware of impact on function in case of deficit in any of the structures mentioned above Understand the blood supply to the head and neck, including the Circle of Willis and its relevance to SLT Understand the function of cranial nerves and a very basic awareness of signs of deficit and possible impact on function Larynx Demonstrate knowledge of structure and function of the larynx (eg by being able to label diagrams), i.e. cartilages, vocal fold structure, intrinsic and extrinsic musculature Understand the different functions the larynx performs Describe the process of phonation (including musculature involved in VF adduction and abduction) Embryology Understand the relevance of the study of embryology for SLT Understand the difference between the terms embryo and foetus Demonstrate a very basic understanding of development of the human embryo from zygote to implantation (ie the germinal stage) Have a understanding of the various influences on early development of the embryo (teratogens, mutagens, chromosomal and genetic factors) Understand what is meant by the critical period concept, and its relevance for the development of the nervous system, ear, head and neck structures Have a very basic understanding of genetic concepts such as genotype, phenotype, and patterns of inheritance (autosomal, sex -linked, mitochondrial) and the relevance of dominant and recessive alleles LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 4

5 Be aware of the iterative processes that recur during embryological development Understand the importance of gastrulation in the typical development of the embryo and future foetus, and potential defects that can arise if this process goes awry Understand the importance of neurulation, and be able, with the aid of simple diagrams, to explain this process To have a very basic knowledge of the development of the brain from the formation of the primitive streak, through neurulation, to development of the primitive brain vesicles, to the brain at birth To have a very basic understanding of the possible defects that can arise of this process goes awry To know what neural crest cells are, where they originate, their final fate after differentiation; and their relevance to the development of the structures of the head and neck To understand that different parts of the skull have different embryological origins (neural crest cells, paraxial mesoderm), and the factors that can influence development of these cranial structures To understand the relevance of synaptic pruning and myelination in the further development of the nervous system To know how the pharyngeal arches are derived, their further development and their fate in the developed embryo To understand how pharyngeal arch deformities can impact on future development of speech and swallowing, and to be able to name relevant syndromes associated with such deformities Be able to label basic diagrams which demonstrate the formation of the structures of the face Using basic drawings/diagrams, be able to describe the formation of the primary and secondary palates, with relevant timings for typical closure of these structures Respiration To be able to describe the major structures of the respiratory tree with the aid of a simple drawing Have a knowledge of the major muscles involved in ventilation and their function To be able to outline in the processes of inspiration and expiration, using the correct terminology to describe the changes in lung volumes that occur during the respiratory cycle. To be able to outline the processes of gas exchange and pulmonary clearance LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 5

6 To be able to demonstrate a knowledge of common lung conditions including asthma and COPD and the possible impact on our client s communication and swallowing To be aware of techniques commonly used to evaluate a client s respiratory capacity To use appropriate terminology when discussing different respiratory patterns Swallowing To be able to draw and label a diagram showing the structures associated with the typical, adult swallow To be able to outline the events that occur during the typical adult swallow using the four stages of swallowing template To be aware that the process of swallowing will change across the life span To be able to outline interrelationship of respiration and swallowing using appropriate terminology To understand what is meant by the terms aspiration and airway penetration and to be able to consider the possible negative consequences of those events Self-directed & directed study, lead lectures, workshops, seminars and tutorials LCSC06: Detailed Learning Outcomes P a g e 6