November 20, NOTES ES Rotation, Rev, Tilt.notebook. vertically. night. night. counterclockwise. counterclockwise. East. Foucault.

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1 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook, and Rotates on an imaginary axis that runs from the to the South North Pole Pole vertically North The of the axis points to a point in space near day Pole Polaris night Responsible for and counterclockwise Rotates when looking down on the North Pole from space North The of the axis points to a point in space near day Pole Polaris night Responsible for and counterclockwise Rotates when looking down on the North Pole from space West East Rotates from to Causes the Sun to appear to rise in the East West and set in the In addition to the apparent movement of the Sun (and stars) across the sky, a pendulum Foucault can also be used to provide (Foo - ko) evidence of Earth s rotation

2 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook Earth s orbit around the Sun orbit Sun Earth s around the One complete revolution is responsible for a Period of revolution is days year Not a perfectly round orbit (but close), only very slightly elliptical (Eccentricity = ) Perihelion : when the Earth is closest to the Sun (147 million km) Aphelion : when the Earth is furthest from the Sun (152 million km) Away Not a perfectly round orbit (but close), only very slightly elliptical (Eccentricity = ) Perihelion : when the Earth is closest to the Sun (147 million km) Aphelion : when the Earth is furthest from the Sun (152 million km) counterclockwise Earth revolves around the Sun in a 23.5 degrees from the vertical ion when looking down on our solar system from space Draw a similar picture in your notes... Perihelion Sun Aphelion 2

3 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook As Earth revolves around the Sun, the northern end of its axis (the Northern ) Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun for part of the year and The Earth s TILTED axis is responsible for the seasons away from the Sun for part of the year The Earth s TILTED axis is responsible for the seasons Add to notes: Also, PARALLELISM (tilted axis maintains its orientation throughout its entire orbit) Jun 3 8:33 AM Portions of the Earth that are more ly facing the Sun receive more sunlight (making them ) Other areas are said to be receiving sunlight (more spread out making them cooler) Direct in in warmer or sunlight may angle of incidence also be referred to as angle of insolation or Dec 1 3:28 PM 3

4 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook Insolation : Incoming Solar Radiation insolation The higher the angle of, the more sunlight an area receives. Draw in your notes: Earth S U N The hemisphere with more sunlight equals more hours of Equator daylight Nov 7 1:09 PM The hemisphere with more sunlight equals daylight more hours of "Circle of Illumination" highest When the Northern Hemisphere has the angle of insolation summer, it s our winter (and the Southern Hemisphere s ) Equator Nov 7 1:09 PM Summer: June and Winter: December Northern Hemisphere solstice when the Sun is ly above North latitude (Tropic of ) day of the year Days get after the summer solstice and sunlight Summer: June and Winter: December Northern Hemisphere solstice when the Sun is ly above North latitude (Tropic of ) Most rays at N Cancer summer 4

5 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook Summer: June and Winter: December summer Northern Hemisphere solstice when the Sun is ly above North latitude Cancer (Tropic of ) longest day of the year shorter Days get after the summer solstice less less and sunlight Northern Hemisphere winter solstice when the Sun is ly above South latitude Capricorn (Tropic of ) Most rays at S latitude winter Northern Hemisphere solstice when the Sun is ly above South latitude Capricorn (Tropic of ) shortest day of the year longer Days get after the winter solstice more more and sunlight Equinoxes Neither hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun equator Sun is ly above the and Parallelism... Winter Solstice Equinox Summer Solstice Equinoxes Both hemispheres receive an equal amount of day and night Vernal (Spring): ~March 21st Autumnal (Fall): ~September 22nd Equinox Nov 7 5:56 PM 5

6 NOTES ES, Rev,.notebook Summary Drawing Activity We'll make two drawings on the last page of your note-taking guide. The upper portion of your paper will be for a drawing of Earth's revolution around the Sun. The lower portion will be for a drawing concerning the seasons. Jul 10 9:41 AM 6

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