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11 : THE 100 YEARS ANGLO-CHINESE CALENDAR, 1st JAN., 1776 to 25th JAN., 187G, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 11th DAY of the 11th MOON of the 40th YEAR of the EEIGN KIEN-LUNG, To the END of the 14th YEAR of the REIGN TUNG-CHI; CONTAINING TOGETIIER WITH AN APPENDIX, SEVERAL INTERESTING TABLES AND EXTRACTS. IP. BY LOUE;EIE,0. SHANGHAI rrinted AT THE " NORTH-CHINA HERALD " OFFICE, 1872.

12 c^ -A V lo

13 ; ; PREFACE. In presenting the 100 Years Anglo-Chinese Calendar to the public, the compiler claims no originality for his work, inasmuch as, since the year 1832,* Calendars in somewhat similar form have been yearly issued from the press in China ; but, as it is doubtful if a complete series of these exists, and as, in the transaction of business, whether official, legal or commercial, between Foreigners and Chinese, and in the study of Chinese History which is now so intimately connected with foreign nations, a knowledge of the corresponding dates is quite necessary, it is hoped that this compilation will be found useful, and especially so in referring to the date of past events, and in deciding the precise day, according to the Chinese and Christian Calendars, on which they occurred. Commencing with the last quarter of the past century (1st January, 1776), the Calendar embraces the peiiod when the first British Embassy (Lord Macartney's in 1793) arrived in China. For convenience sake the Calendar has been divided into 10 parts, each embracing a period of ten years of the Christian era and ends with the close of the 14th year of the present reign Tung-chi, the 25th January, The Tables, extending to some 260 pages, enable both foreigners and natives to arrive more readily and with more correctness, at the dates of their respective Calendars, than they can by the use of the Table of the Sexagenary Cycle. We give in an Appendix the Table of the Cyclic Characters : we have not used this Table, however, in our compilation, but have checked our dates by the Table of the 28 ' ' hung (houses or constelations). As we completed the printing, we were kindly furnished by Baron Johannes Von Gumpach, with his calculations of Chinese New Years' Days ; and were glad to find that our dates entirely agree with those ascertained by him astronomically, and by his permission we give in the Appendix a Table showing the Chinese New Years' Days for 1876 to 2000 A.D. Shanghai, September, P. L. j * The late Mr. John Robert Morrison was the first compiler of the Anglo-Chinese Calendar and it does not appear that previous to 1832 the comparative statement of the correspondence of Chinese and Christian dates, in this form, had ever been attempted. "74

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15 ) [ CONTENTS. C-^IL.IEIISrilD.^IR,- Part I. January 1st, 1776 to 31st December, 1785, corresponding with the ) 11th day of the 11th moon of the 40th year, to the 1st day of the 12th L moon of the 50th year of the reign Kien-Lcng, J Part II. January 1st, 1786 to 31st December, 1795, corresponding with thej 2nd day of the 12th moon of the 50th year, to the 21st day of the - 11th moon of the 60th year of the reign Kiex-Luxg,.... j Part III. January 1st, 1796 to 31st December, 1805, corresponding with the 22nd day of the 11th moon of the 60th year of the reign Kiex- Lung, to the 11th day of the 11th moon of the 10th year of the reign KlA-KlXG, Part IV. January 1st, 1806 to 31st December, 1815, corresponding with the 12th day of the 11th moon of the 10th year, to the 2nd day of the 12th moon of the 20th year of the reign Kia-Kixg, Part V. January 1st, 1816 to 31st December, 1825, corresponding wiih the 3rd day of the 12th moon of the 20th year of the reign Kia-Kixg, to the 22nd day of the 11th moon of the 5th year of the reign Tau- Kwaxg, Part VI. January 1st, 1826 to 31st December, 1835, corresponding with the 23rd day of the 11th moon of the 5th year, to the 12th day of the 11th moon of the 15th year of the reign Tau-Kwaxg, Part VII. January 1st, 1836 to 31st December, 1845, corresponding with the 13th day of the 11th moon of the loth year, to the 3rd day of the 12th moon of the 25th year of the reign of Tau-Kwaxg, Part VIII. January 1st, 1846 to 31st December, 1855, corresponding with] the 4th day of the 12th moon of the 25th year of the reign Tau- I Kwaxg, to the 23rd day of the 11th moon of the 5th year of the reign f Hiex-Fuxg, j Part IX. January 1st, 1856 to 31st December, 1865, corresponding with* the 24th day of the 11th moon of the 5th year of the reign Hiex- [ Fuxg, to the 14th day of the 11th moon of the 4th year of the reign Tuxg-Chi, j Part X. January 1st, 1866 to 25th January, 1876, corresponding with the] 15th day of the 11th moon of the 4th year, to the end of the 14th I year of the reign Tuxg-Chi, j APPENDIX. Table of the Sexagenary Cycle for the years of the present Dynasty, and extending to the year 1900, A.D., j" Page Page Chinese Division of Time, (extract),. Table of the 76 Cycles, B.C to A.D. 1864, Table of the 28 Constellation Characters, Time Table, (extract),,. Table of the Twenty-four Solar Terms, (extract), Chronological Table of the Reigns of the Emperors of China of the present Dynasty, and of the Contemporary Rulers of Great Britain and Presidents of the United States, Table of the First day of the New Years of the Reign Shun-Chi, Table of the First day of the New Years of the Reign Kang-Hi, Table of the First day of the New Years of the Reign Yung-Ching Table of the First day of the New Years of the 1st to the 40th year of the reign ) Kien-Lung, Table of the First day of the Chinese New Years for 1S76 to 2000 A.D., astro-) nomically ascertained by Baron Johannes Von Gumpach,.. j" Perpetual Calendar for 2000 years after Christ, Old and New Style,.. j U 17

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17 ^ OF TM ^p UNIVERSITY PART I. MONDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1776 TO SATURDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 11th Day of the 11th Moon of the 40th Year TO THE 1st Day of the 12th Moon of the both Year OF KIEN-LUNG. m - + m - + # + pg mn ± a -wh r. + ^ + n^

18 8 IE January

19

20 j3 n February 7776

21 February n / th Year of KlEN-LtTNO. 4(Jth & 47th Years of KlEN-LuNG. m& 47 th & 48th Years of KlK.N-Lr\i;. mn 49th Year of Keen-Lung. 49th A 3i 'tli Yea of KlKN! MM Days of the Week. Da] Daj - Moon, of the of the Moon. Moon. Week. Days of the Moon. Days of the Moon, Pays of the Week. Moon. Day* of the Moon Week, i Days..ft lie Moon. Days of the Week. Moon. n.-iv. of till Moon IS Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W II IS S o F s Sun M Tu W Th F S Sti/i M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th XII X. Y. (47.) Id s Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S #««M Tu W Th F XII X.Y (48.) IS Sun M Tu \V Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun II IS S Tu w Th F S Sun 11 Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M XII X.Y. (50.) S S ^ + AI-tf-I^- + AI'i:f

22 M S March

23 March }\ = 1

24 H m April

25 April

26 10 M?L May 1776-

27 11

28 M 1:2

29 13 June n y>

30 H 14

31 15 July M -fc

32 1G M A August

33 17 August M A

34 IS n % September

35 19 September 1

36 20 }i + October

37 21 October ft +

38 29 R-+ November

39 09 November H - +

40 u ft - + December

41 25 December H - +

42 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OF THE PIJKCEDING YEARS. 40th YEAR of KIEN-LUNG 41st do. ft 42nd 43rd 44th do. do. do. ) T I \ % ) & t % 45th 46th,, 47th do. do. do. \ * i * \ * 48th do. i s 49th do. 50th,, do. E

43 PxVl^T II. SUNDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1786 TO THURSDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 2nd Day of the 12th Moon of the 50th Year, TO THE 21st Day of the 11th Moon of the 60th Year OF KIEN-LUNG.

44 23 M JE January 1786-

45 29

46 30 n n February

47 31 February M

48 S3 H = March

49 33 March M =

50 34 M m April

51 35 April M

52 36 H 3L May

53 37

54 38 n * June

55 39

56 40 n -b July

57 II July H -b

58 42 M A August 1786-

59 43 August M A 1 o IS li Year of K u:\-lung. Davs of the Week, M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Moon. VII Davs of the Moon. VIII * 57th Year of KlKN-LUNG. Days of the Week W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Smi M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F Moon, VI Days of the Moon. VII Sth Year of KlEN-LUNG. Days of the Week. 14

60 44 M X September

61 15 September M % th Year of Kikn-Lunu 1792.* 57th Year of KlEN-IiUNG. Days of the Week. Moon. Days of the Moon. Days of the Week Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun VI II

62 46 n + October

63 47 October ft +

64 48 M - + November

65 40 November M +

66 .50 n - + December

67 51 December M - +

68 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OF THE PRECEDING YEARS. 50th YEAR of KIEN-LUNG B 51st do. ft 5 2nd do. T &3ED do. ft 54th do. w OOTH do. 56th do. 57th do. OOl'H do. 59th do. 60th do.

69 PART III. FRIDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1796 TO TUESDAY, 31st DECEMBER, 18Q5. CORRESPONDING WITH THE 22nd Day of the llth Moon of the 6Qth Year OF KIEN-LUNG, TO THE llth Day of the llth Moon of the 10th Year OF KIA-KING. m b r. + r. n --v^^-xmn ± --Y n ~ + ip + MM

70 54 M IE January

71 5'5 January M IE

72 56 J3 February 1796

73 57 February M G G 17 IS G 27 2S ".th & (itli Years of Kia-Kim:. Days of the Week. Sun M Tu AY Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S XII Pins of the Moon, N.Y (0.) IS ;; G 27 2S th & 7th Years of K I \-KlNC. m f& Days of the Week. 6 7 S M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Tli F S Sun M Tu W Tli F S Sun M XII NY (7.) Days of the Moon, o S G Sth Y< ar of KlA-KlNC. /?* St Days of the Wock. Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sim M Tu W Th F S Sun M Moon. LI Daya of the Moon. LO og th & 9th Years i KlA-KlNQ. MM of the Week W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu AY Menu. XLI N.Y (9.) Moon G 27 2S th Sear of Kia-E Moon. V 8 Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun SI Tu \Y Th Moon S IS ". 2G 27 2S 29 ^SilAf-I^-IIAf-

74 53 M~ March

75 59 March ft =

76 00 M m April

77 fil April n m

78 n & 62

79 63 May

80 n* 64

81 June M s*\

82 n -t 06

83 07 July n -fc

84 OS M A August

85 f»9 August 1 SOI n a

86 70 n % September

87 71 September M X

88

89 73 October 1801-

90 n

91 75 November ft - +

92 M- + 7G

93 77 December M - +

94 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OF THE PRECEDING YEARS. 60th YEAR of KIEN-LUNG. 1st KIA-KING 2nd do. T E 3rd do. 4th do. 5th do. 6th do. W 7th do. J5S 8th do. 9th do. 10th do. a

95 PART IV. WEDNESDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1806 TO SUNDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 12th Day of the 11th Moon of the 10th Year, TO THE 2nd Day of the 12th Moon of the 20th Year OF KIA-KING.

96 M IE 80

97 8] January

98 n~ 82

99 v$

100 n~ 84

101 85 March 1S11

102 nm 8G

103 April s

104 n 88

105 89 May ft Tl

106 n * 90

107 June k >. ft y> G IS th Year of K I A-KlNC. Days of the Week. S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F 8 Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun IV Days Of tlie M i. II * 17 th Year of KlA-KlNG. MM Days of the Week. M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu Moon. IV Days of the Moon G 27 2S 29 1 o th Year of KlA-KlMi. Jni Days of the Week. Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W VI Days of the Moon th Year <,f KlA-K [KG. BE ^7 Days I Days f the Mood oi I he Week. Moon, 3

108 n-b 92

109 93 July ji-fc

110 94 ft A

111 95 August M A

112 96 n % September

113 97 September M %

114 n + 98

115 09 October , n S IS S th Year of Kia-Kim:. MM Days of the Week Tu w Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th I Days.Mn, in of the Moon. VIII IX G Ki lr, 1812.* 17th Year of KlA-K INC MM Pays of the Week. Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sim M Tu W Th F S Moon, VIII IX DavR of the Moon IS ISth Year of Kl.\-K INC. Days of the Week. F s Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun Moon IX X Day of the Moon IS S o S th Year of Kr \ K inc. MM Days Moon, "i i i Week. Moon s Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M VIII IX o S IS th Year of KlA-K IN*:. M 353 Daj - of the Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu M "i VIII IX Pays of the Moon IS oo S 29 # + IAf-i*-* + IAT-

116 fi

117 101

118 %=.+ 10;

119 103

120 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 10th YEAR of KIA-KING 11th do. 12th do. T 13th do. 14th do. e, EL 15th do. 16th do. 17th do. 18th do. 19th do. ft 20th,, do.

121 PART V. MONDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1816 TO SATURDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 3rd Day of the 12th Moon of the 20th Year OF KIA-KING, TO THE 22nd Day of the 11th Moon of the oth Year OF TAU-KWANG.

122 Mm 106

123 107 January

124 10S M February 1816

125 N < : UK) February M = th 7ear of K I a K - i Year of -KWANG. and 1st T \i nd Year of Tai;-K\\ am: nd & 3rd Years of Tau-Kwanc. %m Days of the Week. Moon. Days of the Mucin Days of the Week. Days of the Moon. Pays of the Week C 7 S Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F XII N.r. 1 Tau F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S IS S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W O.) Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th II

126 H = 110

127 ill March M

128 112 n n April

129 113 April

130 114 n 3L May

131 115 May n 3L IS G 27 2S st Year of T.u-Kwani:. %& Days of the Week. Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sum, M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th Pays Moon, j of tlie Moon III IV S nd Year of Tau-Kwang.?tm Days of the Week. w Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F III (in.) IV Days of the Moon rd Year of Tatt-Kwano, % $1 Days of the Week. 10

132 116 M * June 1816

133 1 1 j June M A

134 118 M -fa July

135 L19

136 HA 120

137 121

138 n % I 1 Ajaj

139 123 September M %

140 % + 124

141 125 October

142 n

143 127 November M +

144 H± + 12S

145 129

146 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 20th YEAR op KIA-KING 21st do. 22nd do. T 23rd do. 24th do. m m 25th do. 1st TAU-KWANG 2nd do. 3rd do. 4th do. 5th do. j w 1 * ) w

147 PART VI. SUNDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1826 TO THURSDAY, 31st DECEMBER, 1S35. CORRESPONDING WITH THE 23rc7 Day of the 11th Moon of the 5th Year, TO THE 12th Day of the 11th Moon of the loth Year OF TAU-KWANG. I^^+IIAf- B-iJ J3IE Jh^S+H?Af-H-+ ^ +

148 nie 132

149 January M IE

150 134 M - February

151 135 February M =.

152 136 M = March

153 137

154 n m 13S

155 139 April M W

156 140 n 3. May

157 I 1! May 18X n x

158 n* 142

159

160 144 n -b July

161 1 i:» July 1881-

162 14G M A August

163 147 August M A

164 ]4S n % September

165 11) September M %

166 m + 150

167 15] October n +

168 M

169 .).) November 1881-^1885. M~f

170 154 M - + December 18:

171 ).)

172 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 5th YEAR op TAU-KWANG 6th,, do. 7ih 8'1'H,, (In. 9ih,, do. 10th do. 11th do. 12th do. 13th do. 11th,-,,, do. 15th,, do.

173 PART VII. FRIDAY, 1st JANUARY, L836 TO WEDNESDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE Vdth Day of the 11 th Moon of the 15th Year, TO THE 3rd Day of the 12th Moon of the 2hth Year OF TAU-KWANG

174 M IE 158

175 159 January IS4I I84S. M IE

176 160 M - February ISM I84O.

177 February lsp >\ -

178 ft-b 1G2

179 1 63 March I84I I84S.

180 164 M m April 1836-

181 165 April I84I

182 n ^ 106

183 1G7 May 1S41

184 168 M k June

185 169

186 170 n -b July 1836-

187 171

188 n a 17:

189 17:! August ls41 18J r ~,. n A

190 174 n % September 1836 lsjfi.

191 175 September 181^1 18^5. }l %

192 170 n + October Jfi.

193 177

194 n

195 1 79 November I84I I845. M- +

196 >!

197 1S1 December I84I I84S. R n +

198 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 15th YEAR op TAU-KWANG 16th,, do. 17th do. 18th do. 19th do. do.

199 PART VIII. THURSDAY, 1st JANUARY, 184(5 TO MONDAY, 31st DECEMBER, CORRESPONDING WITH THE ith Day of the 12 th Moon of the 25 th Year OF TAU-KWANG, TO THE 23rd Day of the 1 1 th Moon of the th Year OF HIEN-FUNG. m raw n r + ^ + ^^5t

200 1S4 ft IE January

201 L85 January < /Q, n de

202 Mr. ISO

203 187 February }\ -

204 J3H 188

205 189

206 n m 1 )()

207 191 April M

208 192 M May I846-

209 193 May 1851-

210 M ^ 194

211 195 June 1851-

212 M-b 196

213 197 July M -t

214 19S a A August

215 109 August )-\ A

216 200 H % September 181^

217 s 201

218 202 n + October

219 203

220 204 M - + November

221 205

222 M=l + 206

223 207 December M =. +

224 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 25th YEAR op TAU-KWANG 26th > )) do. \ nft 27th ) >) do. T 28th do. 29th do. 3Uth do. 1st HIEN-FUNG 2nd > }> do. ORD do. 4th do.!» OTH do.

225 n & PART IX. TUESDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1856 TO SUNDAY, 31st DECEMBER, 1SG5. CORRESPONDING WITH THE Mth Day of the 11th Moon of the 5th Year OF HIEN-FUNG, TO THE ] Uh Day of the 11th Moon of the &th Year OF TUNG-CHI. ± n-v - + ^0 m

226 210 n IE January

227 - 211 January M IE th Year of HlEN-FUNG. _ii J^l llth Year of Hikn-kuno and 1st Year of Tung cm st Year of Tung-chi * 2ud Year of Tung-chi rd & 4th Years of TOKG-CHI. & m Days of the Week. Moon Days of the Moou. Days of the Week. Davs of the Mo..11 Days of the Week. Moon. Days. of the Moou. Days of the Week. Moon. Davs of the Moon. Days of the Week. Days of the Moon ( Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th XI XII (3 27 2S IS w Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sim M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F XII N.Y. 1 Tuny Id IS S o Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S XI XII IS F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Tb F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun XI XII S 29 1 o S IS Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu XII X. Y. ( ( IS S * + /;IAf-i^- + ^IAf,J "< VLcAL "

228 n = 212

229 213 February M r G IS th & 11th Years of HlEN-FUNG. ^ Days of the Week. F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th Moon. XII N.Y (il.) Days of the Moon S IS st Year of Tung chi. Days of the Week. S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F Days of the Mood S IS S st & 2nd Years of TUNG-CHI. t&m Days of the Week. Sim M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Moon. XII Days. of the Moon N.Y. (2.) IS S * 2nd & 3rd Years of TUNG-CIII. fcfpj Days of the Week. M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sim M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Moon. XII N.Y. (3.) Days of the Moon S o th Year of Tl7NG-< HI. Days of the Week. w Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu W Th F S Sun M Tu Days Moon, of the Moon. II S+.^fAf-S^ + ^faf^-

230 214

231 L5 March M =

232 n m 216

233 217 April M m

234 218 M S. May 1856-

235 219 May 1861-

236 220 HA June

237 .).)

238 90 0, n -fc July 1856-

239

240 224 M A August

241 .).) :z-)

242 226 M % September

243 2:27 September 1S61 18G5. M %

244 228 H + October

245 229 October M +

246 230 H + November * 6th Year of HlEN-FUNG. MM Days of the Week. 1

247 231 November

248 JI

249 233 December M =. +

250 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OP THE PRECEDING YEARS. 5th YEAR of HIEN-FUNG 6th do. 7th do. 8th do. 9th do. 10th do. 11th do. 1st

251 FART X. MONDAY, 1st JANUARY, 1866 TO TUESDAY, 25th JANUARY, CORRESPONDING WITH THE 15 th Day of the 11th Moon of the 4th Year, TO THE End of the 14th Year OF TUNG-CHI.

252 236 n IE January

253 J.;, January M IE

254 238 H - February

255 IV.) February H~

256 M 240

257 241 March H =

258 2 1:2 n m April

259 243

260 244 n S. May

261 2 I a

262 n*.240

263 Z I / June >J >\

264 24S n ~b July 1866-

265 249 July M -b

266 n a 250

267 251 August

268 '->) : n it September

269 September %

270 254 M + October

271 255 October

272 256 M - + November

273 257 November

274 H 258

275 259 December M - +

276 260 January 1876.

277 CYCLIC CHARACTERS OF THE PRECEDING YEARS. 4th YEAR of TUNG-CHI (JIU do

278

279 APPENDIX.

280 TABLE OF THE SEXAGENARY CYCLE FOR THE YEARS OF THE PRESENT DYNASTY, AND EXTENDING TO THE YEAR 1,

281 CHINESE DIVISIONS OF TIME. We give on the other side the Table of the Sexagenary Cycle, for the years of the present dynasty, and have numbered the characters 1 to 60 to show the order they follow. It must be understood, however, that though it has been said that "this Table forms an Index by which the year of the Christian Era may be ascertained for any year of the Chinese Cycle of Sixty;" unless those using it are cognisant of the Christian months and days in which the Chinese New Year begins, it is apt to confuse, especially if the days sought are those in January and February, in one of which months the first of the New Year invariably occurs. With reference to the Cycle of the Chinese we quote the following, from Dr. S. Wells Williams' " Chinese Commercial Guide, " published at Hongkong, 1863, page 288 : "The cycle of sixty years is the foundation of the Chinese chronology, and its application to the years, months, and days has done much to preserve their historical records from confusion. According to the received account, the Celestial Sovereign invented two series of characters, one of 12 branches + 2H yfc sjiih 'rhchi, and the other of 10 stems ~ ~l shih Jam. The twelve branches are likewise called jfy Jfc& ti chi, or terrestial branches, and each one is supposed to be connected with a different animal, which is named upon them as here given ; and these same animals again have some mysterious influence upon persons born in the hour over which they rule. The Mongols, Japanese, Siamese, and Annamese apply the same animals to the same sign. The twelve zodiacal signs, which comprise in twelve equal spaces the 28 kung or houses through which the moon travels in her monthly course along the ecliptic, are also named after the branches :

282 ; The twelve branches are used to designate the twelve hours of the day, which begins at 11 o'clock p.m., and are on this account usually known as horary characters; they also indicate the twelve points of the Chinese compass, as follows : 11 to P.M da; at 3rd watch) 4th 5th (J^^P forenoon) CK^P afternoon) m\ 1st watch) 2nd -^ or N. N. N. E. E. -JJ % E.N.E. N. JJP E. jg E. S.E. f E. g, S. S. E. f E. ^ % S. s. s. w. t w. 4*» w. S. W. I s. g w. J$ W. N. W. I N. lg N. N.W.f N. To express European hours, it is enough to add j? kiau and j clang to the characters ; thus -^ ching tsz' is midnight, ^ -J fcwwt chau is 1 o'clock a.m. and so throughout; but these when mentioned are more usually numbered in imitation of the foreign mode, which has become widely known through the use of watches. A table for the convenience of natives, to show the correspondence of the foreign hours is often inserted in their almanacs. The ten stems are also called ^ ^ tien kan, or heavenly stems ; they are sometimes named and described after the five elements, according to the peculiar philosophy of the dual powers current among the Chinese, each element being exhibited in its yin and yang state, corresponding to its passive and active condition. Each of them is regarded as destroying its predecessor, and producing its successor, in a perpetual round. 1 is allied to wood, and represented by a growing tree,, a hewn timber;

283 times, and the twelve branches five times, as shown in the table. This was in the year b.o. 2G37. The Chinese have never kept up a serial numbering of the cycles, and have no longer chronological period than 60 years. Some native authors begin the reckoning with the first year of Hwangti's reign, b.c. 2G97, making 7G cycles at the end of a.d ; De Guignes follows this calculation ; but Chinese chronologers mostly take the later date of b.c. 2G37, which makes the 75th cycle and the 4500th year of their annals to end with The year b.c. 2G37 is placed by Hales as 518 years after the deluge, and about 80 years before the confusion of tongues. Some again begin their chronology with the first year of the 7th cycle, in the reign of Yau, b.c. 2277; Pere Eegis adopts this date." The following Table shows the years in which the 7G Cycles (up to the present time) commenced: CHINESE WITH THE YEARS OF CYCLES. THEIR COMMENCEMENT. Cycle

284 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; "TIME TABLE. 15 fun /ft> or minutes make 1 5^ j 8 keh quarters 96 keh,,,, 1 12 shi shin,, 10 days 29 or 30 days 12 or 13 moons 60 years keh, or quarter of 15 minutes ; Hrf J^ s^1 s^n t or tour jih, or i == ^ -6j sun, or decade & -^j -[-*?/?<e7i, or moon nien, or year chau ye, a day v^ B? luh-sm hwd kidh, or cycle A second is called Mj wwatt, of which 60 make a ffifun, but these terms are derived from European sources. The wide use of clocks and watches has introduced the terms Mh $g tien-chung, "stroke of the clock," for the hour; tsit and n f IM mien-li for minute. The days of a month are always numbered consecutively from 1 to 29 or 30 ; the first ten days are called 1$]., Jf<JJ ^ yih, tsu 'rh, &c. The months are numbered from 1 to 12, except the first, which is called j H citing yueh; an intercalary month is denoted by prefixing j ] jun to the x^receding number, as ^ -^ ^ i.e. of 29 days is called A\ M sidu yueh, and of 30 days -4r J^ intercalated sixth month. Amonth td yueh, the lesser and greater months ; a year of 12 months contains 354 to 355 days, the intercalated year has 383 to 385 days. The four seasons are called ^ W ^fc ^ c^"m They are also denoted by 24 ^ ^ tsieh tun g spring commencing with new year. ki, or 'fn <$} ^(l ts^ tsieh ling, periods corresponding to the day on which the sun enters the first and fifteenth degree of one of the zodiacal signs ; consequently their places in a lunar calendar will change every year, but in the solar year of Europeans they fall nearly upon the same day in successive years. When an intercalary month occurs, they are still reckoned as usual ; but the intercalation is made so that only one term shall fall in it. The equinoxes and solstices, and some of the festivals, are regulated by the tsieh ki. Some of them contain 14, and others 16 days, but their average length is 15 days. Their names and approximate positions in our year are here given ; one or another of them change a day back or forth from year to year, and do not regularly fall on the same day. February 5 February 19 March 5 March 20 April 5 April 20 May 5 May 21 June 6 lih chun yu shivui king chili chun fun tsing ming kiuh yu lih hid TWENTY-FOUR sidu mwan indng chang if* & m 44 SOLAR TERMS. spring begins rain and water excited insects vernal equinox; clear bright; grain rain summer begins grain filling; grain in car; Sun in Aquarius.,, in Pisces.,, in Aries.,, in Taurus.,, in Gemini.

285 ; ; ; ; June 21 July 7 July 28 August 7 August 28 September 8 Septeruber23 October 8 October 23 November 7 November 22 December 7 December 22 January 6 January 21 hid chi sidu shu ta shu lih tsi/l vlul shu peh lu tshifuii han 111 shudng hieing lih twig sidu sieuh ta sieuh tung chi sidu han ta han summer solstice Sun in Cancer. little heat great heat,, in Leo. autumn begins'; limit of heat in Virgo white dew ; ) autumnal equinox;,, in Libra. cold dew; frost descending; I in Scorpio. winter begins little snow;,, in Sagittarius. great snow; winter solstice;,, in Capricorn. little cold; great cold;,, enters Aquarius." The three terms for the settlement of accounts, among the Chinese, are those approaching the New Year, The 5th day of the 5th Moon, and The 15th day of the 8th Moon. In the three following years, these terms occur as under; New Tears Day. St^Moon. 15th Day 8th Moon. 1873, 29th January. 30th May. 6th October. 1874, 17th February. 18th June. 25th September. 1875, 6th February. 8th June. 14th September.

286

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289 p=q 11

290 12 CO pq pq

291 GO 13

292 14 «2 -Ph 1 Ph ^s P3

293 15 TABLE OF THE FIRST DAY OF THE CHINESE NEW YEARS FOR 1876 TO 2000 A.D. A.D.

294 16 A PERPETUAL CALENDAR FOB 2000 YEAJR;S -A. IE 1 T OLD & NEW STYLE. IE IR, O IHI!R, I S T 7 Years in excess of Hundreds. Old Style, TABLE I. Centuries New Style, {

295 17 TABLE II.

296 a

297

298

299

300

301

302

303 U.C.BERKELEY LIBRARIES CDMbO^DSB

304